Skaneateles Conservation Area/Invasive species/Invasive plant list

In the following table, the NYS and FL tiers are those provided in iMapInvasives by the New York Natural Heritage Program (NYNHP) and the Finger Lakes (FL) PRISM. The "SCA tiers" are based on the current FL tier and whether or not the species is currently known to be present within the boundaries of the SCA. For species known to be present, the current FL tier may be used or reduced if we feel that the species can be controlled. For species not yet discovered at the SCA, those present in the FL PRISM will generally be assigned an SCA Tier of 1a, 1b, or 1c depending on how likely we believe an infestation could occur, based on distance of known infestation from the SCA and the habitat requirements of the species.

Salviniales (heterosporous, water ferns)

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Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Marsileaceae water-clover family
Marsilea Marsilea quadrifolia European water-clover i Y 1 E 4 T M 68 Moderate  u   u   u   u   5   b   u   2   5  1c 1c
Salviniaceae watermoss family
Salvinia Salvinia minima water sprangles, water fern i \ C U 7 High 1a 1b 1 1b 1c 1c
Salvinia Salvinia auriculata African payal n \ 0 E 13 T 1c 1c
Salvinia Salvinia × molesta African payal, Kariba weed i \ 0 0 M 1c 1c
Salvinia Salvinia natans floating watermoss n \ 0 E 1c 1c

Pinales (conifers)

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Family Subfamily Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Pinaceae Pinoideae pine subfamily
Pinus Pinus thunbergii Japanese black pine i Y 0 E 4 T 59 Moderate 1c 1c
Pinus Pinus sylvestris Scots pine, Scotch pine i Y X E 7 4 2 A5
Pinus Pinus nigra Austrian pine i Y C E 1 5
Pinaceae Piceoideae spruce subfamily
Picea Picea abies Norway spruce i Y X E 8 T 4 4 A4
Picea Picea pungens Colorado blue spruce n ? 4 E 0 1b 5
Pinaceae Laricoideae spruce subfamily
Larix Larix decidua European larch i Y 4 E 0 4 3
Larix Larix kaempferi Japanese larch e Y 0 F 0 1c
Pseudotsuga Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir n ? 2 U 2 2 3
Taxaceae yew family
Taxus Taxus cuspidata Japanese yew e Y C F 3 T 1a A5
Taxus Taxus baccata English yew e ? 2 E 1  NA   u   u   u   b   b   b   b   3  1d 1a 1b

Acorales, Alismatales

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Order Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Subfamily Species W F K C S A H L
Acorales Acoraceae sweetflag family
Acorus Acorus calamus old world sweetflag i Y 5 E 2 1b 1b
Alismatales Araceae arum family
Araceae Pistia stratiotes water lettuce n N 1 U X T M 62 Very High  2  2  5  1a 1a 1 1a 1  2  1b
Araceae Pinellia ternata crowdipper, Asian green dragon n ? 0 E 0 T M Insignificant  u   b   b   b   5   u  1d
Araceae Colocasia esculenta coco yam, taro i \ C 0 5 High 1b 1c
Alismatales Hydrocharitaceae waterweed family
Hydrilloideae Hydrilla verticillata hydrilla, water thyme, Florida elodea i Y 1 E X T M P 91 Very High  2  2 3 1a 1a 1 1  2   3  1a A2
Hydrilloideae Najas minor brittle naiad, brittle water nymph i Y 5 E X T M 65 Moderate  5   4  3  2   4   4   4   3   3  1a
Hydrocharitoideae Hydrocharis morsus-ranae European frogbit, common frogbit i Y X E 0 T M P 75 Very High  4  4 3  2   2   4   4   2   3  1a A3*
Hydrocharitoideae Egeria densa Brazilian elodea, Brazilian waterweed i Y D E X T M P 86 High  2  2 1 1a  2  1 1a  2   4  1b A4*
Hydrocharitoideae Limnobium spongia American frog’s bit n ? 0 E 2
Stratiotoideae Stratiotes aloides water soldiers, water letuce, tropical duckweed n \ 0 F X T 0 High 1a 1a 1 1 1a 1b 1b
Anacharidoideae Lagarosiphon major oxygen weed, African elodea, curly waterweed n \ 0 X High 1b 1c 1c
Alismatales Butomaceae flowering rush family
Butomaceae Butomus umbellatus flowering rush i Y X E X T M 64 Moderate  u  3 4  b   3   u   u   2  1a 1a 1a A5
Alismatales Potamogetonaceae pondweed family
Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton crispus curly-leaf pondweed i Y X E X T M P 80 Very High  4  4 4  4   4   4   4   4   4  4 1a A3
Alismatales Dioscoreaceae yam family
Dioscoreoideae Dioscorea polystachya Chinese yam, cinnamon vine, air potato e Y D E X T M P 78 High  2  1a 1a 1a  5   2   2  1b 1b A5

Liliales, Asparagales (lilioid monocots)

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Order Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Tribe or Subfamily Species W F K C S A H L
Liliales Liliaceae lily family
Lilieae Lilium lancifolium tiger lily, Easter lily e Y X E 0
Lilieae Erythronium dens-canis European trout lily, dog's-tooth-violet n \ D T
Lilieae Tulipa sylvestris tulip, wild tulip e N 3 F 0
Liliales Colchicaceae crocus family
Colchiceae Colchicum autumnale autumn crocus e \ 4 E 0
Asparagales Orchidaceae orchid family
Neottieae Epipactis helleborine broad-leaved helleborine, weed orchid i Y X E X T 5 4
Neottieae Epipactis palustris marsh orchid n N 0 E 1c
Cypripedioideae Cypripedium calceolus Eurasian lady's-slipper n \ 0 1d
Asparagales Iridaceae iris family
Iridoideae Iris pseudacorus yellow iris i Y X E X T M P 76 High  4   4  4  3   4   3   4   4   4  1a 3 A3
Iridoideae Iris sibirica Siberian iris e Y 4 E 0 2 1a
Iridoideae Iris germanica German iris i ? X E 0 1b 1b
Iridoideae Iris domestica blackberry lily, belamcanda i ? 5 E 1  NA   u   u   b   b   b   b   5   5  1b 1b
Crocoideae Crocus tommasinianus early crocus, woodland crocus e N 7 0 0 1a
Asparagales Asphodelaceae daylily family
Hemerocallideae Hemerocallis fulva orange daylily i Y M E 6 T M 46 Low  u   3   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  3 4 A3
Hemerocallideae Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus yellow daylily e Y 6 E 1 1b 1b
Asparagales Asphodelaceae onion family
Allieae Allium vineale wild onion, onion-grass, wild garlic i Y 18 E 11 T M  NA   u   u   u   5   u   b   b   u   u  1a 1a A3
Galantheae Leucojum aestivum summer snowflake e Y X E 5 T Unknown  u   b   u   b   u   b   b   5   5  1a 2
Galantheae Galanthus nivalis snowdrop e Y X E 1 1a 1a
Narcisseae Narcissus pseudonarcissus common daffodil e Y 9 E 0 High  2   u   2  1a 1a 1  4   u   5  1a 1a
Narcisseae Narcissus poeticus poet’s narcissus i Y 8 E 1  NA   u   u   b   b   b   b   b   b   4  1a 1a
Asparagales Asparagaceae asparagus family
Scilloideae Ornithogalum nutans nodding/drooping star-of-Bethlehem e Y 6 E 9 T M High  2  1a  2  1a 1a 1 1a  5   2  1a
Scilloideae Ornithogalum umbellatum common star-of-Bethlehem i Y X E 16 T M Moderate  u   u   4   5   u   u   u   5   5  1a A5
Scilloideae Scilla siberica Siberian squill n Y 8 E 3 1a 2
Scilloideae Muscari botryoides compact / common grape-hyacinth e Y X E 5 1a 1a
Scilloideae Muscari neglectum dark-flowered / starch grape-hyacinth e Y X E 2 1a 1a
Scilloideae Hyacinthoides hispanica Spanish bluebell e N 2 F 0 T High  2   u   2  1a 1a 1  5   3  1b
Nolinoideae Convallaria majalis European lily-of-the-valley e Y X E 2 T 4 A4
Nolinoideae Polygonatum multiflorum Eurasian Solomon's-seal n \ 4 F 0 1b 2
Agavoideae Hosta ventricosa blue hosta / plantain-lily e Y C E 2 T
Agavoideae Hosta lancifolia narrow-leaved hosta / plantain-lily e Y 0 E 0
Agavoideae Hosta plantaginea fragrant / scented hosta e ? 1 F 0 5
Asparagoideae Asparagus officinalis asparagus e Y 3 E 1 3 1a

Poales: Typhaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae

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Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Typhaceae cattail family
Typhaceae Typha × glauca blue cattail, hybrid cattail n I 3 5 0 T M Very High  4   4  1a  2   u   u  1b
Typhaceae Typha angustifolia narrowleaf cattail i I X 5 0 T M  NA   u   4   4   u   u   u   u   u  1a
Juncaceae rush family
Juncaceae Luzula luzuloides forest / oakforest / white woodrush e Y D E 2 High  5   5  1c 1c
Juncaceae Luzula pallescens pale wood rush e Y 0 E 1c 1c
Juncaceae Luzula campestris field woodrush e 0 0 E 1c 1c
Juncaceae Juncus ensifolius var. ensifolius sword-leaved rush n U 0 0 2 1c 1c
Cyperaceae sedge family
Cariceae Carex kobomugi Asian sand sedge i Y D E X T M 69 Moderate  2  1a  b  1  3  1c
Cariceae Carex macrocephala large-headed sedge, big-head sedge n \ 0 0 5 69 Moderate 1d
Cariceae Carex sylvatica European woodland sedge e Y 2 E T  NA   4   b  1a
Cariceae Carex flacca heath sedge, glaucous sedge, blue sedge e Y 0 0 1 T M Unknown  2   b   u   b   b   b   b   5  1a 1c
Cariceae Carex secalina rye / rye-like sedge i Y D T 1d
Cariceae Carex extensa long-bract sedge e Y D E T 1d
Fuireneae Schoenoplectiella mucronata bog bulrush, ricefield bulrush i Y D E 0 T M High  2  1a  2  1a 1a 1 1a 1  2  1a
Cypereae Cyperus difformis variable flatsedge i Y D 0 0 T M 52 Moderate  u   b   b   u   b   b  1  5  1c
Cypereae Cyperus iria rice field flat sedge, grasshopper's cyperus i Y 1 E 3 T M Low  5   b   b   5   5  1c 1c
Cypereae Cyperus brevifolioides Asian greenhead sedge, false green kyllinga n Y D 2 T 1c 1c

Poales: Poaceae: BOP clade

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Subfamily Tribe Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Subtribe Species W F K C S A H L
Oryzoideae Oryzeae rice tribe
Zizaniinae Luziola subintegra tropical American water grass i \ 0 0 1 T ? 1d
Oryzoideae Ehrharteae veldtgrass tribe
Ehrharta Ehrharta erecta panic veldtgrass i \ 0 0 2 High 1b 1c 1c
Bambusoideae Arundinarieae bamboo tribe
Arundinariinae Phyllostachys aureosulcata yellow-groove bamboo i \ 1 0 5 T P 71 H if escapes 1b A4*
Arundinariinae Phyllostachys aurea golden bamboo i \ 1 0 X T P 71 H if escapes 1b A4*
Arundinariinae Phyllostachys dulcis sweetshoot bamboo e \ 0 0 High 1a 1a 1a 1d 1d
Arundinariinae Phyllostachys nuda nude sheath bamboo n \ 0 0 Moderate  b   b   b  1d 1d
Arundinariinae Phyllostachys spp. unknown unknown bamboo species n \ T M  NA   u   b   b   u   u   b   b   u   4 
Arundinariinae Arundinaria tecta switch cane n \ 0 60 M if escapes 1d
Arundinariinae Arundinaria gigantea giant cane, river cane n \ 0 0 0 60 M if escapes 1d
Arundinariinae Pseudosasa japonica arrow bamboo i \ 0 55 M if escapes
Arundinariinae Pseudosasa amabilis tea stick arrow bamboo n \ 0
Arundinariinae Sasa palmata broadleaf-bamboo e \ 0 0 0 T 1d 1d
Arundinariinae Pleioblastus distichus pygmy bamboo n N 0 T
Pooideae Brachypodieae false-brome tribe
Brachypodieae Brachypodium sylvaticum slender / perennial false-brome i Y 6 0 X T M P 87 Very High  3   2  3 1a 1a 1 1  2  1d 1a A2
Brachypodieae Brachypodium distachyon purple/annual falsebrome i \ 0 0 1 High 1b 1d
Pooideae Meliceae manna-grass tribe
Meliceae Glyceria maxima reed / rough meadowgrass i \ 0 0 X T M P 80 High 1a 1a 1a 1b 1 1a 1 1a 1a
Meliceae Glyceria fluitans water manna grass i Y 0 Y 1c 1c
Pooideae Bromeae brome tribe
sect. Bromopsis Bromus inermis smooth brome i Y X U X T M  NA   u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u  1a A5
sect. Bromopsis Bromus erectus upright brome e Y 0 E
sect. Genea Bromus tectorum cheatgrass, downy brome i Y 8 E X T 50 Moderate
sect. Genea Bromus sterilis poverty / barren brome i Y D E 3
Pooideae Nardeae matgrass tribe
Nardeae Nardus stricta moor matgrass, doormat grass i Y 1 E 4 T 1c 1c
Pooideae Triticeae wheat tribe
Hordeinae Elymus repens quack grass, couch grass, creeping wild rye i Y 7 E X T 1c
Hordeinae Agropyron cristatum crested wheatgrass i ? 0 E 1
Hordeinae Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum mouse barley, wall barley i Y D E 4 T ? 1c 1c
Hordeinae Hordeum vulgare common / cultivated barley i N D E 1
Hordeinae Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley n Y X U 2
Hordeinae Secale cereale rye, cereal rye i N D E 3
Triticinae Aegilops cylindrica jointed goat grass i Y 0 E X
Triticinae Triticum aestivum common wheat i N 3 E 1
Pooideae Poeae chloroplast group 1 (Aveneae type)
Phalaridinae Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass n Y X 5 X T M 78 High  4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4  4 1a A3
Phalaridinae Phalaris canariensis annual / common canary grass i Y D E 6 1c 1c
Agrostidinae Calamagrostis epigejos feathertop, bushgrass e Y 2 E 0 High  5  1a 1 1a 1b
Agrostidinae Agrostis gigantea redtop, black bentgrass i Y 3 E X 68 Moderate
Agrostidinae Agrostis stolonifera creeping bent Y Y 0 5 X Moderate  4   b   b   u  1b
Agrostidinae Agrostis capillaris Rhode Island / colonial bentgrass Y Y 1 E X
Anthoxanthinae Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet / scented vernal grass Y Y X E 4 1d
Aveninae Avena fatua wild oats Y ? D E 4
Aveninae Avena sativa cultivated oats Y N 3 E 1
Aveninae Avena sterilis animated / sterile oats N \ 0 0 0 T
Pooideae Poeae chloroplast group 2 (Poeae type)
Poinae: Stenopa Poa compressa Canada / flat-stemmed bluegrass Y Y 5 E 7 T M 69 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u  1a 1a A5
Poinae: Stenopa Poa trivialis rough-sheathed blue grass Y Y 2 E 5 1b 1b
Poinae: Stenopoa Poa nemoralis woodland bluegrass ? Y 0 U 1 1b 1b
Poinae: Poa Poa pratensis ssp. pratensis Kentucky bluegrass N Y X 0 8 T M 68 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u  1a 1a
Poinae: Poa Poa angustifolia narrow-leaved Kentucky blue grass ? Y 0 0 0
Poinae: Ochlopoa Poa bulbosa bulbous bluegrass N Y 5 E 0 T 49 Low 1d
Poinae: Ochlopoa Poa annua annual bluegrass Y Y 3 E 5 1d
Airinae Aira caryophyllea silver hairgrass Y Y 0 E 6 T
Dactylidinae Dactylis glomerata orchard grass, cocksfoot Y Y X E X 1d
Loliinae Lolium arundinaceum tall rye grass, tall fescue Y Y 1 E X T M 65 Moderate  u   u   4   b   b   b   b   b   u  1a
Loliinae Lolium pratense meadow fescue N Y 1 E X T 1d
Loliinae Festuca filiformis hair fescue, fineleaf sheep fescue N Y 0 E 2 T 60 Moderate
Phleinae Phleum pratense ssp. pratense common timothy, meadow timothy Y Y M E X T M 64 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  4

Poales: Poaceae: PACMAD clade

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Subfamily Tribe Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Subtribe Species W F K C S A H L
Panicoideae Andropogoneae sorghum tribe
Saccharinae Microstegium vimineum Japanese stiltgrass i Y X E X T M P 85 Very High  4   2  3  4   4   3  1  4   4  1a 1a A2
Saccharinae Imperata cylindrica cogongrass, cogon grass n \ 0 0 X P 79 High 1b 1d 1c A4*
Saccharinae Miscanthus sinensis Chinese silvergrass Y Y 9 E X T M R 78 High  3  5a  2   2   2  1  3   3   4  2 A5
Saccharinae Miscanthus sacchariflorus Japanese silvergrass, Amur plume grass Y Y C E 4 T M 0 Moderate  u   b   b   b   b   b   b   b  1d 1b
Saccharinae Miscanthus spp. silvergrass (sp. unknown) Y \ X X T M  NA   u   b   b   b   b   b   b   u   4  4 3
Saccharinae Tripidium ravennae ravenna grass Y \ D 0 X T  NA  1 1c 1c
Saccharinae Saccharum giganteum sugarcane plumegrass ? \ 0 0 0 1d 1d
Andropogoninae Arthraxon hispidus small carpetgrass, jointhead Y Y 1 E X T M P 76 High  2  1a 1a  2  1 1a  2  2 1b 1b A4
Sorghinae Sorghum halepense Johnsongrass, Aleppo grass N Y 1 E X T M Moderate  5  1a  2  1a  5  1  u  1d 1b 1b
Sorghinae Sorghum bicolor broom-corn, shattercane, sorghum Y Y 3 E 8 T 1a
Tripsacinae Zea mays maize, corn, Indian corn N N 2 E 0 5 5
Panicoideae Paniceae millet tribe
Boivinellinae Oplismenus undulatifolius wavyleaf basketgrass, bristle basketgrass Y \ 0 0 X T P 70 High 1c A4*
Boivinellinae Oplismenus hirtellus basketgrass ? \ 0 0 7
Boivinellinae Echinochloa crus-galli Eurasian barnyard grass Y Y X E 9 4
Boivinellinae Echinochloa esculenta Japanese barnyard millet N Y 0 1a
Boivinellinae Echinochloa frumentacea Indian barnyard / white millet, billion-dollar grass N \ 0 E 1c
Boivinellinae Echinochloa colona jungle rice Y \ 0 0 2 1c 1c
Cenchrinae Cenchrus alopecuroides foxtail fountain grass, Chinese millet grass Y Y D E 0 T High  2  1a 1  4  1b
Cenchrinae Setaria faberi giant foxtail Y Y X E X 4
Cenchrinae Setaria viridis green foxtail Y Y X E 6 4
Cenchrinae Setaria pumila yellow foxtail / bristle-grass Y Y X 0 5
Panicinae Panicum miliaceum proso millet, broomcorn millet, Chinese millet Y N D E 2 1d
Panicinae Digitaria sanguinalis northern crabrgrass, large crabgrass Y Y 2 E 6 T 1a
Panicinae Digitaria ischaemum smooth crabgrass, small crabgrass Y Y 2 E 1 T 1a
Panicinae Digitaria ciliaris southern crabgrass, tropical finger-grass ? Y 2 U 3
Arundinoideae Molinieae moorgrass tribe
Molinieae Phragmites australis common reed, phrag Y Y X E X T M P 92 Very High  4   4  4  4   4   3   4   4   4  4 A2
Molinieae Molinia caerulea purple moor grass N Y 0 E
Arundinoideae Arundineae giant cane tribe
Arundineae Arundo donax giant cane, giant reed Y \ D 0 X High 1a 1a 1a 1a  2  1a 1a
Chloridoideae Eragrostideae love grass tribe
Eragrostideae Eragrostis curvula weeping lovegrass, African love grass Y Y D E X T M 57 Moderate  3   b   b   b  1  3  1c 1c
Eragrostideae Eragrostis cilianensis stinkgrass, candygrass Y Y 1 E 7
Eragrostideae Eragrostis minor little love grass N Y 0 E 0
Eragrostideae Eragrostis pilosa var. pilosa India love grass N Y 1 U 0
Chloridoideae Zoysieae dropseed tribe
Zoysieae Sporobolus schoenoides swamp prickle grass N N 0 E 0
Danthonioideae Danthonieae oatgrass tribe
Danthonieae Cortaderia selloana Uruguayan / selloa pampas grass Y \ D 0 X High 1b 1c 1c

Commelinales, Zingiberales, Nymphaeales

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Order Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Family Species W F K C S A H L
Commelinales dayflowers, water hyacinths
Pontederiaceae Pontederia crassipes common water hyacinth ? N 3 E X T M High  2  2  5   5  1a 1 1a  2  1a 1b
Commelinaceae Murdannia keisak marsh dayflower, wart-removing herb Y \ 0 0 9 P 78 High 1a 1 1b 1c A4
Commelinaceae Commelina communis Asiatic dayflower Y Y X E 3 T M  NA   u   u   u   u   5   u   u   u   u  1b
Zingiberales canna lilies
Cannaceae Canna × generalis hybrid / garden canna lily, Indian snot N N D E 0 1d 1d
Nymphaeales water-shields
Cabombaceae Cabomba caroliniana fanwort N U 0 E X T M P 72 High  3  1 2  3  1a  2   3   2   4  1b 1b A3*

Ranunculales (barberries, buttercups, poppies)

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Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Lardizabalaceae lardizabala family
Akebia Akebia quinata fiveleaf akebia, chocolate vine Y Y 5 E 8 T M 52 Moderate  4   b   u   2  1a  b   b   2   4  1b 1b A4
Berberidaceae barberry family
sect. Berberis Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry Y Y X E X T M P 91 Very High  4  4 4  4   4   3   4   4   4  3 A2
sect. Berberis Berberis × ottawensis Ottawa barberry ? Y ? P 91 Very High  4   4   4   4   4   3   4   4   4  3
sect. Berberis Berberis vulgaris common barberry Y Y X E X T M 69 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   4   5  2
sect. Berberis Berberis julianae Juliana's barberry, wintergreen barberry Y N D 7 T M High  2  1a 1a 1a  5   2  1b
sect. Mahonia Berberis bealei leatherleaf mahonia, Beale's Oregon-grape Y \ D 0 7 T High  2   b   b  1a 1a  2   2  1a
sect. Mahonia Berberis aquifolium Oregon grape, piper's Oregon grape ? U 7 E 0  NA   u   u   u   b   b   b   b   5   b  1b
Ranunculaceae buttercup or crowfoot family
Anemoneae Clematis terniflora Japanese virgin's-bower, yam-leaved clematis Y Y X E 9 T M R 73 High  4   2   2   2   2  1 1a  3   4  1a 1a
Anemoneae Clematis viticella European purple clematis, Italian leather flower N N 0 E 1c 1c
Ranunculeae Ficaria verna lesser celandine, fig buttercup Y Y X E X T M P 86 High  4   4   4   3   3   3   3   3   4  1a 4 A2
Ranunculeae Ranunculus repens creeping buttercup Y Y X E 9 T M 63 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u  4 4
Ranunculeae Ranunculus acris tall buttercup / crowfoot, meadow buttercup Y Y X U 7 4 4
Ranunculeae Ranunculus bulbosus bulbous buttercup / crowfoot Y Y 7 E 7
Aquilegieae Aquilegia vulgaris European columbine N Y X E 0
Actaeeae Eranthis hyemalis winter aconite e N X F 1
Delphinieae Aconitum napellus garden monkshood, Turk's-cap N Y 3 E 0
Papaveraceae poppy family
Chelidonieae Macleaya cordata plume poppy N Y 3 E 0 T M High  2  1a  2  1a 1a 1 1a  5   2  1a
Chelidonieae Glaucium flavum yellow hornpoppy N Y D E 3 T 66 Moderate 1d
Chelidonieae Chelidonium majus greater celandine Y Y M E 8 T 1a 4
Fumarieae Corydalis solida bird-in-a-bush, spring corydalis N Y X E 0 T M High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a 1a  2  1a 1a 1a
Fumarieae Corydalis incisa incised fumewort, purple keman Y Y D 4 T M Moderate  2   b   b   b   2   2  1b 1b i
Fumarieae Corydalis cheilanthifolia fern-leaved corydalis ? \ D  NA   b   b   5   b  1c 1c
Fumarieae Dicentra eximia eastern wild bleeding heart ? Y 9 E 0
Papavereae Papaver rhoeas Shirley / field / corn /common poppy Y N 2 E 1 1c 1c

Proteales & Buxales

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Order Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Family Species W F K C S A H L
Proteales lotus and sycamores
Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo nucifera East Indian lotus N \ 2 E 0 T M 64 Moderate  u   b   b  1a  u   b  1  5  1c 1c
Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo lutea American lotus ? U 3 E 1 T R 1c 1c
Platanaceae Platanus × hispanica London planetree N \ 5 E 1 1c 1c
Buxales boxes
Buxaceae Pachysandra terminalis Japanese pachysandra / spurge, carpet box Y Y X E 8 T M High  3   3   3   3   3   2   4   4   4  1a 1a
Buxaceae Pachysandra procumbens Allegheny pachysandra, Allegheny spurge ? \ 2 0 0  NA   b   b   3   b   5  1c 1c
Buxaceae Buxus sempervirens boxwood, Caucasian boxwood N ? D E 1 1c 1c

Saxifragales (water-milfoil, katsura tree, stonecrop)

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Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Haloragaceae watermilfoil family
Haloragaceae Myriophyllum spicatum Eurasian water-milfoil Y Y X E X T M P 100 Very High  4  4  4   4   4   4   4   4   4  1a A3
Haloragaceae Myriophyllum heterophyllum various-leaved water-milfoil ? 3 5 X T M P 94 Very High  4  1  3  1a  2   3   4  1  3  1b
Haloragaceae Myriophyllum aquaticum parrot feather water-milfoil Y Y 1 E X T M P 77 High  2  1  2  1a 1a 1 1a 1  3  1b
Cercidiphyllaceae katsura family
Cercidiphyllaceae Cercidiphyllum japonicum katsura-tree N Y 5 F 0 T M  NA   u   u   u   b   b   b   b   5   5  1a
Crassulaceae stonecrop or orpine family
tribe Umbiliceae Hylotelephium spectabile showy stonecrop N \ C E 0 T M  NA   u   b   b   5   b   u   b   u  1d
tribe Umbiliceae Hylotelephium telephium Eurasian live forever N Y X E 0 T
tribe Sedeae Sedum sarmentosum stringy stonecrop Y Y X E 3 T
tribe Sedeae Sedum acre biting stonecrop, gold moss N Y X E 0 T
tribe Sedeae Sedum ternatum woodland stonecrop ? U 6 U 0
Grossulariaceae gooseberry family
Ribes subg. Ribes Ribes rubrum common currant, garden red currant Y Y 9 E 4
Ribes subg. Ribes Ribes nigrum garden / European black currant N ? 2 E 1

Vitales, Zygophyllales, Celastrales, Oxalidales

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Order Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Tribe or Subfamily Species W F K C S A H L
Vitales Vitaceae grape family
Ampelopsideae Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata porcelain berry, Amur pepervine Y Y X E X T M P 71 High  4   2   3  1  3   2  1  3   4  1a A4
Ampelopsideae Ampelopsis aconitifolia Monk's-hood-vine N Y 0 0 \
Ampelopsideae Ampelopsis cordata heartleaf peppervine, false grape ? Y 0 0 1
Cayratieae Causonis japonica bushkiller Y \ 0 0 5 High 1b 1c
Parthenocisseae Parthenocissus tricuspidata Boston ivy Y Y X E 5 T 1b
Viteae Vitis vinifera European wine grape Y N 5 E 2
Viteae Vitis spp. grape vines ? \ M 2 5
Zygophyllales Zygophyllaceae bean-caper or caltrop family
Tribuloideae Tribulus terrestris puncture weed, puncture vine Y Y D E X T 1c 1c
Zygophylloideae Zygophyllum fabago caper bean, Syrian bean-caper Y N 0 E X 1d 1d
Celastrales Celastraceae staff-vine or bittersweet family
Celastroideae Celastrus orbiculatus oriental bittersweet, Asian bittersweet Z Y X E X T M P 87 Very High  4   3  4  4   4   3   4   4   4  1a A2
Celastroideae Euonymus alatus winged euonymus, burning bush Y Y X E X T M R 81 Very High  4   3  3  4   4   2   4   4   4  2 A3
Celastroideae Euonymus fortunei winter creeper Y Y X E X T M R 78 High  3   3   3   2   2   2   4   3   4  1a A4
Celastroideae Euonymus europaeus European spindletree Y Y X E 3 T M 60 Moderate  u   b   5   b   u   b   u   5   5  1a A5
Oxalidales Oxalidaceae wood-sorrel family
sect. Corniculatae Oxalis exilis least yellow woodsorrel i \ 0 \ T 1d 1d
sect. Corniculatae Oxalis corniculata creeping yellow woodsorrel ? Y X E 0 1a 1a

Malpighiales (spurge, willow, poplar, violet)

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Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Euphorbiaceae spurge, copperleaf
subg. Esula § Esula Euphorbia cyparissias cypress spurge Y Y X E 7 T M P 75 High  4  1a  3   3   4   2   4   3   4  1a A5
subg. Esula § Esula Euphorbia esula leafy spurge Y \ ? E 1 T M P 76 High  4   3  -  3   2   4   4   4   2  1b A3
subg. Esula § Esula Euphorbia virgata slender leafy spurge ? Y X E X T M P  4   u  4  u  1a  u   u   u  1d 1a A3
subg. Esula § Lathyris Euphorbia lathyris caper spurge, mole plant Y ? 3 E 2 T M 57 Moderate  u   b   b   b   5   2  1b
subg. Esula § Helioscopia Euphorbia helioscopia sun spurge N Y 4 0
subg. Chamaesyce § Poinsettia Euphorbia dentata toothed spurge, green poinsettia ? \ D 0 0 T 1d
subg. Chamaesyce § Poinsettia Euphorbia davidii David's spurge, toothed spurge N Y 3 E 0 1d
Hippomaneae Triadica sebifera Chinese tallow Y 0 0 X High 1b 1c 1c
Acalypheae Acalypha australis Asian copperleaf / three-seeded-mercury N y D E 0 T 1d
Phyllanthaceae chamber bitter
Phyllanthus Phyllanthus urinaria chamber bitter, chamberbitter Y N 1 0 4 T Unknown  u   b   u   b   b   b   b   u  1d 1a 1a
Salicaceae: Salix willows
subg. Vetrix § Cinerella Salix atrocinerea rusty willow, gray florist's willow N Y 2 E 3 T M P 84 Very High  3  1a 1a 1a 1a  3   4  1a 1a A5
subg. Vetrix § Cinerella Salix cinerea European gray willow Y Y 2 E 5 T M 84  NA   u   u   b   b   2   b   b   5  1b 1b
subg. Vetrix § Cinerella Salix caprea goat willow Y ? 1 E 2 1b 1b
subg. Vetrix § Helix Salix purpurea basket willow, streamco willow, purple-osier Y Y 5 E 4 T 1a 4 A5
subg. Salix § Salix Salix × fragilis hybrid crack willow Y Y 6 E 0 T M  NA   u   b   u   5   u   b   u   u   u  1c
subg. Salix § Salix Salix alba white willow N Y 3 E 7 1b 1b
subg. Salix § Salix × Subalbae Salix × pendulina Wisconsin weeping willow Y Y 0 h 6 T M  NA   u   5   b   u   u  1c 1c
subg. Salix § Salix × Subalbae Salix × sepulcralis weeping white willow, weeping willow Y Y X h 1 4 1a
subg. Salix § Subalbae Salix matsudana corkscrew willow Y ? 9 E 0 T 3
Salicaceae: Populus poplars
subg. Populus § Populus Populus alba white poplar Y Y X E 9 T M Moderate  u   u   u   u   5   u   u   5   5  1b 1b A5
subg. Populus § Populus Populus × canescens grey poplar Y Y D E 3
subg. Populus § Populus Populus nigra Lombardy / black poplar / cottonwood Y ? 4 E 4
subg. Populus § Aigeiros Populus × canadensis Carolina poplar, Canada poplar N N 0 E 0
Hypericaceae St. John’s-Wort
Hypericaceae Hypericum perforatum common St. John’s-Wort Y Y M E X T 47 Low 3
Elatinaceae waterwort
Elatinaceae Elatine triandra Eurasian / longstem / 3-stamen waterwort ? Y 0 0 0

Fabales: Fabaceae (pea, bean, legume family)

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Tribe Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Subtribe Species W F K C S A H L
Phaseoleae kudzu tribe
Glycininae Pueraria montana var. lobata kudzu Y Y D E X T M P 84 Very High  2  1a 1 1a  2  1 1a  2   4  1a A3*
Desmodieae bushclover tribe
Lespedezinae Lespedeza cuneata Asian bushclover, Chinese lespedeza Y Y 2 E X T M P 74 High  4  1a 1a 1a 1a 1 1a  2   4  1a A4*
Lespedezinae Lespedeza bicolor shrub bushclover, two-colored bush clover Y ? 1 E X T M 63 Moderate  u   b   5   u   2   b   b   u   5  1a
Lespedezinae Lespedeza thunbergii Thunberg's bush-clover Y ? 0 E 5
Lespedezinae Kummerowia striata Japanese clover Y Y D E X T 1c
Lespedezinae Kummerowia stipulacea Korean clover, Korean lespedeza Y Y D E X 1c
Robinieae locust tribe
Robinieae Robinia pseudoacacia black locust ? Y M E X T M R 81 Very High  4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4  4 4 A3
Robinieae Robinia hispida bristly locust Y Y 5 E 6 T M 48 Low  u   b   u   5   u   b   u   u   5  1b
Loteae vetch, trefoil tribe
Loteae Securigera varia crown vetch Y Y M E X T M 62 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   4  4 4 A2
Loteae Lotus corniculatus bird's-foot trefoil Y Y M E X T M 59 Moderate  u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u   5  4
Loteae Lotus tenuis slender trefoil, narrow-leaf bird's-foot trefoil ? Y X E 0 T M  NA   u   b   u   5   b   b   b   u   u  1b
Loteae Anthyllis vulneraria common kidney vetch ? ? 0 E 0
Wisterieae wisteria tribe
Wisterieae Wisteria sinensis Chinese wisteria Y Y 5 E X T M 57 Moderate  u   b  4  u   b   b   b   4   4  1a A4
Wisterieae Wisteria floribunda Japanese wisteria Y Y 2 0 9 T M 57 Moderate  u   b  4  b   2   b   b   4   4  1a
Wisterieae Wisteria spp. wisteria (species unknown) ? 7 2 T M  NA   u   b  4  u   2   b   b   u   4  1b
Wisterieae Wisteria frutescens American wisteria ? N D E 0 1d
Galegeae milkvetch, locoweed tribe
Galegeae Galega officinalis professor weed, goatsrue Y ? 2 E X T M 60 Moderate  u  1  b   b   b   b   b   5  1c
Galegeae Colutea arborescens bladder senna Y N 2 E 2 T 1b
Galegeae Astragalus glycyphyllos licorice milkvetch N ? 0 E 0 1c 1c
Fabeae pea, vetch tribe
Fabeae Vicia cracca tufted vetch, bird vetch Y Y M E 6 T M 54 Moderate  u   5   u   u   u   u   u   u   5  4 1a
Fabeae Vicia villosa hairy vetch, winter vetch Y Y X E 1 54 Moderate  u   5   u   u   u   u   b   u   u  1a
Fabeae Vicia lathyroides spring vetch N \ D 0 0 T M Unknown  u   5   b   b   b   u   u   u  1c
Fabeae Vicia sativa common vetch, narrow-leaved vetch Y Y X E 5  NA   u   5   u   b   u   u   b   u   u  1b
Fabeae Vicia tetrasperma smooth tare, sparrow vetch, lentil vetch Y Y X E 3  NA   u   5   u   b   u   u   b   u   u  1b
Fabeae Vicia grandiflora large-flowered yellow vetch, showy vetch Y Y 1 E 2 T 1c
Fabeae Lathyrus latifolius broad-leaved everlasting pea Y Y M E 4 T 4
Fabeae Lathyrus sylvestris narrow-leaved everlasting pea, flat pea Y Y X E 1 1b
Fabeae Lathyrus odoratus sweetpea N \ 0 E 0 T 1c
Fabeae Lathyrus japonicus seaside pea ? 4 3 U  NA   u   b   b   5   5  1c
Trifolieae clover, sweetclover tribe
Trifolieae Melilotus albus white sweetclover, bokhara clover ? Y X E X T M  NA   u   4   u   u   u   u   4   u   u  4 4 A5
Trifolieae Melilotus officinalis yellow sweetclover, common melilot ? Y X E X T M  NA   u   4   u   u   u   u   4   u   u  3 3
Trifolieae Melilotus altissimus tall yellow sweetclover N Y 0 E 0 T 1b 1b
Trifolieae Medicago lupulina black medic Y Y M E 8  NA   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u   u  4 1a
Trifolieae Medicago sativa alfalfa N Y X E 0 4 4
Trifolieae Trifolium repens white clover, Dutch clover Y Y M E X T 4 4
Trifolieae Trifolium pratense red clover Y Y M E X 4
Trifolieae Trifolium hybridum Alsike clover Y Y X E 6 1a
Trifolieae Trifolium aureum large hop clover, golden clover, yellow clover Y Y X E 5 1b
Trifolieae Trifolium campestre pinnate hop clover, large hop clover, hop trefoil Y Y X E 7 1b
Hedysareae peashrub tribe
Hedysareae Caragana arborescens Siberian peashrub, Siberian peatree Y ? 0 0 6 T M 56 High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a 1 1a  5  1d 1b
Genisteae broom, lupine tribe
Genisteae Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom Y N 2 E X T M High  2   2  1a 1a 1a 1  2   2   4  1b
Genisteae Lupinus polyphyllus var. polyphyllus bigleaf lupine, giant lupine ? Y X 0 2 T M  NA   u   b   u   5   5   b   u   u   u  1b
Genisteae Genista tinctoria dyer’s greenweed Y ? 0 E 2 1c
Sophoreae pagoda-tree tribe
Sophoreae Styphnolobium japonicum Japanese pagoda-tree Y Y 1 F 0 T Unknown  u   b   b   2   5  1c
Sophoreae Cladrastis kentukea yellowwood, Kentucky coffee tree / yellowwood ? Y 6 E 0 1a 5
Ingeae mimosa tribe
Ingeae Albizia julibrissin silktree, mimosa Y Y 8 E X T M 40 Low  u   u   u   b   u   b   b   5   5  1c
Caesalpinieae honey locust tribe
Caesalpinieae Gleditsia triacanthos honeylocust, honey locust ? Y X U 0
Caesalpinieae Gleditsia aquatica water locust, swamp locust ? \ 0 E 0
Cassieae senna tribe
Cassieae Senna occidentalis arsenic bean, septicweed, coffee senna Y \ D 0 2 1c 1c
Cassieae Senna obtusifolia sicklepod, coffeeweed, blunt-leaf senna ? N D U 4 1c 1c

Rosales: Rosaceae (rose family)

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Subfamily Tribe Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Section Species W F K C S A H L
Rosoideae Roseae rose tribe
sect. Synstylae Rosa multiflora multiflora rose Y Y M E M T M P 89 Very High  4   4  4  4   4   4   4   4   4  4 A2
sect. Synstylae Rosa lucieae memorial rose, Wichura's rose Y Y D E 6 T M Unknown  3   b   b   u   3  1c
sect. Cinnamomeae Rosa rugosa Japanese rose, rugosa rose Y Y X E 4 T M 63 Moderate  4   5   3   u   u   u   u   5   3  1b
sect. Caninae Rosa canina dog rose Y Y 5 E 3 T 1d
sect. Caninae Rosa rubiginosa sweetbriar rose, sweet briar Y Y 1 E 3 T 1d
Rosoideae Rubeae bramble tribe
subg. Idaeobatus Rubus phoenicolasius wineberry, wine raspberry Y Y X E X T M P 86 Very High  4   2   3   3   3   2  1  4   4  1a 1a A4
subg. Idaeobatus Rubus illecebrosus strawberry raspberry, Y Y 0 E 4 T
subg. Idaeobatus Rubus parvifolius Japanese raspberry N Y 0 0 1 T
sect. Caesii Rubus caesius Eurasian dewberry N Y 7 E 0 T M High  3  1a  3  1a 1a 1 1a 3 3 A3
sect. Rubus Rubus laciniatus cutleaf blackberry Y Y 5 E 6 T M 63 Moderate  u   5   b   b  1a  b   b   2   5  1a
sect. Rubus Rubus bifrons Himalayan blackberry Y Y 1 E 6 T M 57 Moderate  u   u   b   b   b   2   5  1c
sect. Rubus Rubus armeniacus Armenian Blackberry Y ? 1 0 X M 57 Moderate  u   u   b   b   b   2   5  1c
sect. Rubus Rubus ulmifolius elmleaf blackberry Y N 0 0 2 T
Rosoideae Potentilleae cinquefoil, strawberry tribe
sect. Rectae Potentilla recta sulphur cinquefoil Y Y M E X 3
sect. Duchesneae Potentilla indica Indian strawberry, mock strawberry Y Y X E X T 3 3
sect. Terminales Potentilla argentea silvery cinquefoil, hoary cinquefoil N Y X E 0
Fragaria Fragaria vesca ssp. vesca Eurasian woodland strawberry ? Y 0 U 0
Fragaria Fragaria × ananassa cultivated / garden strawberry ? N 1 H 0
Amygdaloideae Maleae apple tibe
Pyrus Pyrus calleryana Callery pear, Bradford pear Y Y X 0 X T M 65 High  4   4  4  2   2  1 1a  3   4  2 A5
Pyrus Pyrus communis common pear Y Y 6 E 2 1a
sect. Gymnomeles Malus baccata Siberian crabapple Y Y 1 E 4 T M High  2  1a 1a 1a  5  1 1a  2  1a A4
sect. Gymnomeles Malus hupehensis tea crabapple, Hupeh crabapple N y D E 1 T M High  2  1a  2   2  1b
sect. Malus Malus domestica apple, European crabapple Y Y X E 3 High 1a 1a 1a 1 1a 1d 3 A4
sect. Malus Malus prunifolia pear-leaf / plum-leaf crabapple Y Y 0 E 3 A5
sect. Malus Malus toringo Toringa crabapple, toringo crab Y Y 2 E 2 T M Unknown  3   b   u   b   2   b   b   3   3  1a
sect. Malus Malus floribunda Japanese flowering crabapple ? Y C E 5
Malus Malus spp. Unknown crabapple species ? M 1 T M  NA   u   b   u   b   b   b   4  3
sect. Crataegus Crataegus monogyna common hawthorn, oneseed hawthorn Y Y 8 E 7 T M  NA   4   u   u   5   u   b   b   u   4  4 A5
sect. Crataegus Crataegus laevigata English hawthorn, smooth hawthorn N \ D 0 0
sect. Crataegus Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington hawthorn ? ? 0 0 1
sect. Virides Crataegus viridis green hawthorn, green haw ? \ 0 0 0
sect. Commixtae Sorbus aucuparia European mountain ash, rowan Y Y X E 4 1a
Amygdaloideae Kerrieae Japanese rose tibe
Kerrieae Rhodotypos scandens jetbead Y Y X E X T M 69 Moderate  u   2   4   2   2   b   b   3   5  1a 1a A5
Kerrieae Kerria japonica Japan globeflower Y Y 3 E 3
Amygdaloideae Sorbarieae false-spiraea tibe
Sorbarieae Sorbaria sorbifolia false spiraea Y Y 8 0 4 T M U Moderate  4   u   b   u   u   u   u   5   5  1b 1b
Amygdaloideae Spiraeeae meadowsweet tibe
sect. Calospira Spiraea japonica Japanese meadowsweet Y Y X E X T M 62 Moderate  u   u   u   u   2   b   u   2  1d 1c 1c
sect. Glomeratae Spiraea prunifolia bridal-wreath spiraea Y N 1 E 1
sect. Glomeratae Spiraea thunbergii Thunberg's meadowsweet Y N C F 1 1c 1c
Aruncus Aruncus dioicus goatsbeard ? N 3 E 0 1a 2
Amygdaloideae Amygdaleae peach, cherry tibe
sect. Cerasus Prunus avium sweet cherry Y Y X E X T M 55 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   4   5  3 A5
sect. Cerasus Prunus cerasus sour cherry, dwarf cherry Y Y 1 E 6 T 55 Moderate
sect. Cerasus Prunus subhirtella winter-flowering cherry Y N 0 0 3 T M  NA   b   2   5  1d
sect. Cerasus Prunus mahaleb perfumed / Gandhi / St. Lucie cherry Y Y 4 E 6
sect. Laurocerasus Prunus padus European bird cherry Y ? X E 3 T M 51 Moderate  u   5   4   b   u   b   u   u   5  1a
sect. Prunus Prunus cerasifera cherry plum Y Y 8 E 4 T 1a
sect. Prunus Prunus domestica Damson / cultivated / European plum Y Y 2 E 2
sect. Prunus Prunus spinosa blackthorn, sloe Y ? 2 E 2

Rosales: Rhamnaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Ulmaceae, Cannabaceae, Moraceae, Urticaceae

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Genus or Tribe Species W F K C S A H L
Rhamnaceae buckthorn family
Rhamnus Rhamnus cathartica common buckthorn i Y M E X T M P 81 Very High  4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4  4 4 A2
Rhamnus Rhamnus davurica Dahurian buckthorn N \ 0 0 2 1c 1c
Rhamnus Rhamnus utilis Chinese buckthorn Y \ 0 0 6 1c 1c
Frangula Frangula alnus glossy buckthorn Y Y X E X T M P 73 High  4   4   3   3   4   4   4   3   4  1a 1a A2
Frangula Frangula caroliniana Carolina buckthorn ? \ D 0 0 1c 1c
Elaeagnaceae silverberry family
Elaeagnus Elaeagnus umbellata autumn olive Y Y M E X T M P 94 Very High  4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4  4 4 A2
Elaeagnus Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive Y Y 6 E X T M 68 Moderate  u   u   5   b   b   b   b  1  5  1a 1a A5
Ulmaceae elm family
Ulmus Ulmus pumila Siberian elm Y Y 7 E X T M 53 Moderate  u   u   4   u   4   b   b   3   5  1a 1a A5
Ulmus Ulmus parvifolia Chinese elm Y \ 1 0 X  NA   u   b   b   5   5  1c 1c
Ulmus Ulmus procera English cork elm Y N D E 2 1c 1c
Ulmus Ulmus glabra wych elm N ? 3 E 0 1c 1c
Cannabaceae hemp family
Humulus Humulus japonicus Japanese hops Y Y 6 E X T M P 74.03 High  4   2  1a  2   3   2  1a  3   4  1b 1b A5
Humulus Humulus lupulus var. lupulus European hops N Y 0 E 0 M 1c
Cannabis Cannabis sativa hemp, marijuana Y N 3 E 6
Moraceae mulberry family
Moreae Morus alba white mulberry Y Y X E X T M 68.67 Moderate  4   u   4   u   4   u   b   4   5  1a 3
Moreae Broussonetia papyrifera paper mulberry Y Y D E X T M High  3  1a 1a 1a  2   4  1b
Moreae Fatoua villosa mulberryweed, hairy crabweed Y Y 1 0 6 T M Unknown  3   b  1a  b   u   5  1c
Maclureae Maclura pomifera Osage orange n Y X E 5 1a 3
Urticaceae stinging nettle family
Urticeae Urtica dioica ssp. dioica European stinging nettle Y Y 3 E 4 High  5   4   3   3   3   2   4   u  1d 1a
Urticeae Urtica urens burning nettle, dog nettle Y ? 1 E 1 1b
Urticeae Urtica chamaedryoides weak / red / heart-leaved nettle ? N 0 E 0 1c

Fagales (alder, birch, oak, walnut)

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Tribe or Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Fagaceae Quercoideae oak subfamily
Querceae Quercus acutissima sawtooth oak Y \ 4 F X T M Moderate  u   b   5   b   b   b   5   u  1c
Querceae Quercus cerris European turkey oak N D 0 0 T 1d
Querceae Quercus robur English oak Y 7 E 2 1d
Fagaceae Castanoideae chestnut subfamily
Castanea Castanea crenata Japanese chestnut N ? D 0
Juglandaceae Juglandoideae walnut subfamily
Juglandeae Juglans ailantifolia Japanese walnut N D 0 0
Betulaceae Betuloideae birch-alder subfamily
Alnus Alnus glutinosa black alder, European alder Y Y X E X T M 64 Moderate  4   3   4   u   4   u   u   3   4  1a
Betula Betula pendula weeping birch, European white birch Y X E 3 3
Carpineae Carpinus betulus European hornbeam N D E 1c
Coryleae Corylus avellana European hazelnut, common filbert Y \ D E 1 1b

Geraniales

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Geraniaceae geranium family
subg. Geranium § Tuberosa Geranium ibericum Iberian crane's-bill, Caucasian crane's-bill N \ 0 E 0 T 1d 1d
subg. Geranium § Geranium Geranium sibiricum Siberian crane's-bill N Y 3 E 0 T
subg. Geranium § Geranium Geranium sanguineum bloody crane’s bill, blood red geranium Y Y 6 E 1 1a 3
subg. Geranium § Dissecta Geranium dissectum cut-leaved cranesbill Y Y 1 E 2
subg. Robertium § Batrachioidea Geranium pusillum small geranium, slender cranesbill Y Y 1 1
subg. Robertium § Ruberta Geranium robertianum herb-Robert, Robert's geranium Y N M 5 6

Myrtales: Lythraceae (loosestrife), Onagraceae (primrose)

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Subfamily Species W F K C S A H L
Lythraceae loosestrife family
Lythroideae Lythrum salicaria purple loosestrife Y Y M E X T M P 91 Very High  4   4  4  4   4   4   4   4   4  4 3 A3
Lythroideae Lythrum virgatum European wand loosestrife Y \ 0 0 6 Very high 1b  5  1d
Lythroideae Lythrum hyssopifolia hyssop loosestrife Y U 2 E 2 1c
Lagerstroemioideae Trapa natans water chestnut, water caltrop Y Y X E X T M P 82 Very High  4   3   3   4   4   3   3   3   4  1a A2
Lagerstroemioideae Lagerstroemia indica crape myrtle Y \ C 0 1 High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a  u   5  1b 1b
Onagraceae primrose family
Ludwigioideae Ludwigia peploides ssp. glabrescens floating primrose-willow ? Y 2 0 X T M P 89 Very High  2  1 1 1a 1a 1 1  3  1b A4*
Ludwigioideae Ludwigia hexapetala common water-primrose N ? D E X P 88 Very High 1c A4*
Ludwigioideae Ludwigia adscendens floating water-primrose, water-dragon ? \ 0 0 Very High 1b 1 1d
Ludwigioideae Ludwigia grandiflora large-flower Primrose-willow Y \ 0 E 3 T P
Onagroideae Epilobium hirsutum great hairy willowherb, codlins and cream Y Y X E 8 T M 63 Moderate  u   u   4   u   5   u   u   5   5  1a 1a
Onagroideae Epilobium parviflorum hoary willowherb, small-flower willowherb N Y 4 0 1 T 1a
Onagroideae Oenothera glazioviana large-flowered evening-primrose Y N D E 1 1c

Sapindales

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family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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subfamily or tribe Species W F K C S A H L
Sapindaceae soapberry family
Hippocastanoideae Acer platanoides Norway maple Y Y M E M T M R 82 Very High  4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4  1a 3 A2
Hippocastanoideae Acer campestre hedge maple Y Y 6 E 3 1b A3
Hippocastanoideae Acer pseudoplatanus sycamore Maple Y Y 6 E X T M P 71 High  4   5   2  1a 1a 1 1a  3   4  1b A5
Hippocastanoideae Acer ginnala Amur maple Y Y X E X T M 66 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   b   u   5   5  1a A3
Hippocastanoideae Acer palmatum Japanese maple ? Y X E 7 T M 50 Moderate  u   u   u   u   2   u   u   5   5  1a
Hippocastanoideae Aesculus hippocastanum horse chestnut Y Y 1 E 4 1a A5
Sapindoideae Koelreuteria paniculata golden-rain tree Y Y 7 E 4 T M High  3   5   3  1a 1a 1 1a  2   3  1a
Sapindoideae Cardiospermum halicacabum balloon vine Y N D E 6  NA   5   5  1c 1c
Rutaceae rue or citrus family
Toddalioideae Phellodendron amurense Amur corktree Y Y 7 0 X T M P 75 High  4   2   2  1a  2  1 1a  3   4  1a A3
Rutoideae Ruta graveolens common rue N N 2 E 0 1d 1d
Simaroubaceae quassia family
Ailantheae Ailanthus altissima tree of heaven Y Y X E X T M 68 High  4   4  4  4   4   3   2   4   4  1a A2
Meliaceae mahogany family
Meliaceae Melia azedarach Chinaberry tree Y \ D E 8 T 1c

Malvales: Thymelaeaceae & Malvaceae

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Thymelaeaceae Thymelaeeae sparrow-wort family
Thymelaeeae Daphne mezereum February daphne Y Y X E 3 T M Unknown  u   b   u   2   3   u   u   b  1a 3
Malvaceae Malveae mallow tribe
Malveae Abutilon theophrasti velvet-leaf, Indian mallow Y Y M E X T 1a 3
Malveae Malva sylvestris high mallow, common mallow Y ? 5 E 3  NA   u   b   b   b   b   u   b   u  1d 1d
Malveae Malva moschata musk mallow Y Y M E 2 1a 1a
Malveae Malva neglecta common mallow, dwarf cheeseweed Y Y X E 7 1a 1a
Malveae Alcea rosea Hollyhock Y Y 4 E 2 1a 3
Malvaceae Hibisceae hibiscus tribe
Hibisceae Talipariti tiliaceum sea hibiscus, sea rosemallow, mahoe Y \ 0 0 3 High 1b 1d
Hibisceae Hibiscus syriacus rose of Sharon, Korean hibiscus Y Y X E X 1b
Hibisceae Hibiscus trionum flower-of-an-hour N Y X E 1 1b
Malvaceae Tilieae linden tribe
Tilieae Firmiana simplex Chinese parasol tree Y \ D E 7 High  5  1d 1d
Tilieae Tilia tomentosa (Tilia petiolaris) silver lime, pendant silver linden ? \ d 0 0 T 1d 1d
Tilieae Tilia cordata small-leaved linden N Y X 0 0 1b 1b

Brassicales: Brassicaceae & Cleomaceae

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Brassicaceae Alysseae alyssum tribe
Berteroa Berteroa incana hoary alyssum Y Y X E X
Alyssum Alyssum alyssoides small alyssum, yellow alyssum Y Y 1 E 1
Brassicaceae Thlaspideae pennycress tribe
Alliaria Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard Y Y M E X T M P 84 Very High  4   4  4  4   4   4   4   4   4  4 A2
Mummenhoffia Mummenhoffia alliacea garlic pennycress Y \ 2 F 2 T
Thlaspi Thlaspi arvense field penny cress Y Y X E 6
Microthlaspi Noccaea perfoliata perfoliate penny cress Y Y 1 2
Brassicaceae Cardamineae bittercress tribe
subg. Cardamine Cardamine impatiens narrowleaf bittercress Y Y X E X T M P 76 High  4   3   2   3   3   2   5   3   4  1a A4*
subg. Cardamine Cardamine hirsuta hairy bittercress N Y X E 0 T 5 5 A3
subg. Cardamine Cardamine occulta Asian wavy bittercress, nursery bittercress Y Y 2 F 2
Nasturtium Nasturtium officinale watercress ? Y X E 9 T M 66 Moderate  u   u   u   u   3   u   u   3   4  1a A5
Nasturtium Nasturtium microphyllum one-rowed watercress, narrow-fruit watercress Y ? 2 E 4 T M High  2   4   2  1a 1a 1 1a  3  1a
Rorippa Rorippa amphibia great yellowcress, water yellowcress N \ 0 F 2 T
Capsella Capsella bursa-pastoris shepherd's purse Y Y X E 6 T
Barbarea Barbarea vulgaris garden yellow rocket, bitter wintercress Y Y M E 11
Barbarea Barbarea verna early / American winter cress, land cress Y Y ? E 1
Armoracia Armoracia rusticana horseradish i Y 5 E 1
Brassicaceae Hesperideae dame's rocket tribe
Hesperis Hesperis matronalis dame's rocket Y Y M E X T 57 Moderate 3 4 A3
Brassicaceae Lepideae pepperweed tribe
Lepidium Lepidium latifolium broad-leaved / perennial / Virginia pepperweed Y Y D E X T M P 79 High  2  1a 1a  4  1  2  1b A4*
Lepidium Lepidium densiflorum var densiflorum common pepperweed ? Y D U 1 T M  NA   u   5   b   b  1b
Lepidium Lepidium campestre field cress, field pepperweed Y Y X E X T 5
Lepidium Lepidium draba (heart-podded) hoary cress Y Y 1 E X
Lepidium Lepidium perfoliatum clasping pepperweed, clasping pepper-grass Y Y 0 F 5
Brassicaceae Descurainieae tansy mustard tribe
Descurainia Descurainia sophia herb Sophia, flixweed, tansy mustard Y Y 1 E 7
Brassicaceae Brassiceae mustard tribe
Brassica Coincya monensis ssp. cheiranthos star mustard, Isle of Man cabbage Y Y P E 4
Brassica Brassica juncea Chinese mustard Y Y 1 E 6
Brassicaceae Sisymbrieae tumble mustard tribe
Sisymbrium Sisymbrium altissimum tall tumble mustard i Y 1 E 6
Sisymbrium Sisymbrium officinale hedge mustard i Y 6 E 5
Cleomaceae Cleomoideae spider-flower subfamily
Tarenaya Tarenaya hassleriana spider flower, pink queen i Y X F 1 T ?
Resedaceae Resedeae mignonette tribe
Resedeae Reseda lutea yellow upright mignonette i Y 3 E 0 4

Caryophyllales

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Tribe/Subfamily Species W F K C S A H L
Polygonaceae buckwheat family
Polygoneae Reynoutria japonica Japanese knotweed Y Y M E 55 T M P 98 Very high  4   4  4  4   4   4   4   4   4  1a A2
Polygoneae Reynoutria sachalinensis giant knotweed, Sakhalin knotweed Y Y 9 E 35 T M P 98 Very high  u   4   3   4   2   u   4   5   4  1b A3
Polygoneae Reynoutria × bohemica Bohemian knotweed Y Y 2 0 X T M P 98 Very high  4   4   4   4   u   b   4   4   4  1b A2
Polygoneae Fallopia baldschuanica Chinese fleecevine, silver lace N N D E 0 T M 51 Moderate  u   3   b   5   b   5  1a
Polygoneae Fallopia convolvulus black bindweed, wild buckwheat N Y 7 E 4 5
Polygoneae Fallopia dumetorum thicket bindweed, climbing false buckwheat N Y 0 E 0
Persicarieae Persicaria perfoliata mile-a-minute weed Y Y 6 E X T M P 91 Very high  4   2  2  2   2  1  2   3   4  1a A2
Persicarieae Persicaria longiseta bristly lady's-thumb, low smartweed Y Y X E 7 T M 60 Moderate  u   3   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  1a
Persicarieae Persicaria nepalensis Nepal smartweed N Y 4 E T M 47 Unknown  2  1a  2   3   2  1  b   u  1a 1a
Persicarieae Persicaria extremiorientalis far eastern smartweed e Y 4 E 0 T
Persicarieae Persicaria maculosa spotted lady's thumb Y Y X E X
Rumiceae Rumex acetosella sheep sorrel i Y X E 20 66 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u  1a A4
Rumiceae Rumex acetosa garden sorrel i Y D E 1 1a
Rumiceae Rumex crispus curly dock i Y X E 12 4
Rumiceae Rumex obtusifolius broad-leaved dock, bitter dock i Y X E 3 4
Amaranthaceae amaranth family
Achyranthoideae Achyranthes japonica Japanese chaff flower Y \ 0 0 7 P 71 High 1b 1c
Gomphrenoideae Alternanthera philoxeroides alligatorweed, alligator-weed Y \ 0 0 X T M High 1b  5  1 1b
Gomphrenoideae Froelichia gracilis slender cottonweed / snakecotton ? Y D E 2 T 53 Moderate 1c
Salsoloideae Salsola tragus Russian thistle, prickly Russian thistle Y Y 1 E X T
Salsoloideae Salsola kali northern saltwort Y Y D E 5
Amaranthoideae Amaranthus palmeri Palmer’s amaranth, dioecious amaranth ? Y 0 E T
Camphorosmoideae Bassia scoparia winged smotherweed, summer cypress Y Y 4 E X T 69 Moderate
Camphorosmoideae Bassia hyssopifolia fivehorn smotherweed Y Y d E 4
Chenopodioideae Chenopodium album lambs-quarters, common lambsquarters Y Y X E 5
Caryophyllaceae soapwort family
Caryophylleae Saponaria officinalis bouncing bet, common soapwort Y Y M E X T 53 Moderate 1c
Caryophylleae Gypsophila paniculata tall baby's-breath Y ? C E X T
Caryophylleae Dianthus armeria ssp. armeria Deptford pink Y Y M E 6
Sileneae Silene flos-cuculi ragged robin, meadow campion Y Y M E 7 T
Illecebroideae Herniaria hirsuta ssp. cinerea gray burstwort, smooth rupturewort ? ? 0 E 0 T
Illecebroideae Spergula morisonii Morison's spurry, pearlwort spurry N ? 0 F 2 T
Illecebroideae Arenaria serpyllifolia thyme-leaved sandwort i Y 19 5
Droseraceae sundew family
Droseraceae Aldrovanda vesiculosa waterwheel plant N Y 0 E 6 T M Unknown  2  1 1  2  1a 1 1a 1b
Tamaricaceae tamarisk family
Tamaricaceae Tamarix parviflora smallflower tamarisk Y Y d F 4 T

Cornales (hydrangeas, dogwoods)

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Hydrangeaceae hydrangea family
Philadelpheae Deutzia scabra fuzzy deutzia, pride-of-Rochester Y Y 2 E 3 T M High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a  5   2  1b 1b
Philadelpheae Philadelphus coronarius European mock orange, sweet mock orange N Y 4 E 2 1c 1c
Hydrangeae Hydrangea paniculata panicled hydrangea Y Y 5 E 2 1c 1c
Hydrangeae Hydrangea quercifolia oakleaf hydrangea ? \ 8 F 0 1b 5
Cornaceae dogwood family
subg. Syncarpea Cornus kousa Kousa dogwood ? N C E 2 T M Unknown  u   u   u   u   u   b   b   5   5  1b 1b
subg. Cornus Cornus mas cornelian cherry N Y X 0

Ericales

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Family Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Primulaceae loosestrife, primrose, pimpernel
subg. L. § Lysimachia Lysimachia vulgaris garden loosestrife Y Y X E 7 T M P 73 High  3   2   2   3   3   2   3   2  1a 1a 1a A5
subg. L. § Nummularia Lysimachia nummularia moneywort, creeping Jenny Y Y M E X T M 64 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  4 4 A3
subg. L. § Nummularia Lysimachia punctata spotted loosestrife, dotted loosestrive N Y X E 0 T M 57 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   5   5  1a 1a
subg. L. § Lerouxia Lysimachia arvensis scarlet pimpernel N Y X E 3 1a
subg. Palladia+Lysimachiopsis Lysimachia clethroides gooseneck loosestrife N Y X E 0 T M NA Unknown  u   u   u   u   u   u   u   5   5  1c 2
subg. Aleuritia Primula japonica Japanese primrose N Y 5 F T M High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a  2   2  1b
Symplocaceae sweetleaf, sapphire berry
Symplocos Symplocos paniculata sapphire berry e Y 1 0 0 T M High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a  2   2  1a 1a
Symplocos Symplocos tinctoria sweetleaf, horsesugar ? N 0 0 0
Balsaminaceae impatiens, touch-me-not
Impatiens Impatiens glandulifera Himalayan balsam, policeman’s helmet Y Y 8 E X T M 67 Moderate  4  1  3   3   2   u   u  1  2  1a
Impatiens Impatiens balfourii Balfour’s touch-me-not, Kashmir balsam N ? D F 2 T
Impatiens Impatiens balsamina garden touch-me-not, garden balsam N ? 2 E 0
Actinidiaceae kiwi, tara-vine, silver-vine
Actinidia Actinidia arguta hardy kiwi, tara vine Y Y D F 3 T M High  2   2  1a 1a 1a 1  4   2   2  1b 1b
Actinidia Actinidia polygama silver vine N N 0 E 0 T M Unknown  u   b   b  1a  2  1a 1b 1b
Actinidia Actinidia chinensis Chinese soft-hair kiwi N 0 0 1c
Ericaceae heather, sourwood
Ericaceae Calluna vulgaris heather Y Y 0 E 3 1c
Ericaceae Oxydendrum arboreum sourwood ? N 4 E 0
Polemoniaceae phlox, Jacob's ladder
Polemonieae Polemonium caeruleum blue Jacob's-ladder N \ 1 E 0 1d
sect. Phlox Phlox paniculata fall phlox ? Y M U 0
sect. Phlox Phlox stolonifera creeping phlox ? N 1 E 0

Gentianales

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Apocynaceae dogbane or periwinkle family
Asclepiadoideae Vincetoxicum nigrum black swallowwort Y Y X E X T M P 90 Very High  4   4  3  4   4   3   4   4   4  1a A3
Asclepiadoideae Vincetoxicum rossicum pale swallowwort Y Y X E X T M P 88 Very High  4   4  4  2   3   3   2   2   4  4 A2
Asclepiadoideae Araujia sericifera white bladderflower Y \ 0 0 4 High 1b 1c 1c
Asclepiadoideae Asclepias curassavica tropical milkweed, bloodflower Y \ C 0 2 High 1b  5  1c 1c
Rauvolfioideae Vinca minor lesser periwinkle, myrtle Y Y M E X T M 57 Moderate  u   4   4   u   u   u   u   5   5  4 A3
Rauvolfioideae Vinca major greater periwinkle Y N 8 E X  NA   u   4   u   b   b   b   b   5   5  1c
Periplocoideae Periploca graeca Grecian silkvine N N 0 E 0 T
Rubiaceae coffee or madder family
Rubiaceae Galium odoratum sweet woodruff Y Y X E 2 T M 48 Low  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  3
Rubiaceae Galium album white bedstraw N Y X 0 9 4 A3
Rubiaceae Galium mollugo hedge bedstraw Y 0 X E 9 4 A3
Rubiaceae Galium verum yellow spring bedstraw N Y X E 0 T 1a

Solanales

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Tribe Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Convolvulaceae bindweed family
Convolvuleae Convolvulus arvensis field bindweed Y Y X E X T M Moderate  4   4   3   3   4   2   4   u   5  1a A5
Ipomoeeae Ipomoea aquatica swamp / water morning glory Y \ 0 0 X High 1b 1 1c
Ipomoeeae Ipomoea hederacea ivy-leaved morning glory Y N 2 E 4 T M  NA   u   u   u   5   b   u   u   u  1c
Ipomoeeae Ipomoea purpurea common/tall morning glory Y Y X E 7 T 1a
Ipomoeeae Ipomoea lacunosa white / pitted morning glory ? N D E X T 1b
Cuscuteae Cuscuta japonica Japanese dodder Y \ 0 0 4 T
Solanaceae nightshade family
Solaneae Solanum dulcamara bittersweet nightshade Y Y M E X T M 49 Moderate  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  4 4 A3
Solaneae Solanum nigrum black nightshade Y Y 5 0 7
Solaneae Solanum sisymbriifolium sticky nightshade N N 0 E 1 T
Solaneae Solanum viarum tropical soda apple Y \ 0 0 X
Datureae Datura stramonium jimsonweed Y Y X E X T 50 Moderate 1a
Datureae Datura wrightii sacred / hairy thorn-apple ? 0 X U 0 T
Lycieae Lycium barbarum common matrimony vine N Y D E 1 T M  NA   u   b   b   b   b   b   5   5  1b
Lycieae Lycium chinense Chinese teaplant / matrimony vine N Y 0 E T 1b
Nicandreae Nicandra physalodes apple-of-Peru Y ? 1 E 3

Boraginales

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Tribe Species W F K C S A H L
Boraginaceae borage family
Boragineae Anchusa officinalis common alkanet / bugloss Y ? 0 E 6 High  5  1b
Boragineae Pulmonaria saccharata Bethlehem lungwort N ? 1 E 0 1b 1b
Lithospermeae Myosotis scorpioides water / true forget-me-not Y Y M E X T M 68? Unknown  u   u   4   u   u   u   u   4   u  1a A3
Lithospermeae Myosotis sylvatica garden / woodland forget-me-not Y Y X E 4
Lithospermeae Buglossoides arvensis corn gromwell Y Y 2 E 4
Lithospermeae Lithospermum officinale European / pearl gromwell N Y 2 E 0
Cynoglosseae Cynoglossum officinale houndstongue Y Y 3 E X T i
Echieae Echium vulgare common viper's bugloss, blueweed Y Y X E X

Lamiales: Oleaceae (privet, lilac, ash, forsythia)

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Subtribe Species W F K C S A H L
Oleeae oleaster tribe
Ligustrinae Ligustrum obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium border privet Y Y 7 E X T M P 77 High  4   4   2   3   3  1 1a  3   4  1a 1a A2
Ligustrinae Ligustrum obtusifolium ssp. suave (syn?) Amur River privet Y ? 0 E 5 T M P NA High  4   4   2   3   3  1 1a  3   4  1a 1a
Ligustrinae Ligustrum vulgare common privet, European privet Y Y X E X T M 68 Moderate  u   4   4   u   u   b   b   5   4  4 4 A3
Ligustrinae Ligustrum sinense Chinese privet Y \ 2 0 X T M NA High  2   4  1a 1a 1a 1 1a  2   4  1b 1b
Ligustrinae Ligustrum ovalifolium California privet, garden privet Y Y 1 0 5 T M 45 Low  u   b   b   b   b   b   2   5  1c 1c A3
Ligustrinae Syringa reticulata Japanese tree lilac N Y X E 0 T M 31 Moderate  3   u   4   2   2   b   3   2   5  1a 1a
Ligustrinae Syringa vulgaris common lilac Y Y X E 3 5 5
Fraxininae Fraxinus excelsior European ash N Y 3 E 0 1b 1b
Forsythieae Forsythia tribe
Forsythieae Forsythia suspensa weeping forsythia, golden-bell N N 2 E 0 T
Forsythieae Forsythia viridissima green-stemmed forsythia N N D E 0 T
Forsythieae Forsythia × intermedia showy, border (hybrid) forsythia ? N X 0

Lamiales: Plantaginaceae

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Antirrhineae snapdragon tribe
Linaria Linaria dalmatica dalmatian toadflax, Balkan Toadflax Y N 0 E X Very High  5  1a 1a
Linaria Linaria vulgaris butter and eggs, yellow toadflax Y Y M E X T M  NA   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u   u  1a 4
Chaenorhinum Chaenorhinum minus dwarf snapdragon, small toadflax Y Y X E 1 1a 1a
Cymbalaria Cymbalaria muralis Kenilworth ivy Y Y X E 1
Kickxia Kickxia elatine sharp-leaved fluellen ? Y D E 0
Digitalideae foxglove tribe
sect. Digitalis Digitalis purpurea purple foxglove Y Y X E 4 T M 53 Moderate  u   u   u   u   u   u   u   5   5  1c
sect. Globiflorae Digitalis lanata Grecian foxglove, woolly foxglove Y ? 1 E 5 T M 37 Insignificant  b   b   b   u   b   b   b  1d
sect. Macranthae Digitalis grandiflora large yellow foxglove N Y X E 0 T M High  2   u  1a  3   2  1  4   5  1d 1b 1b
sect. Macranthae Digitalis lutea straw / small-yellow foxglove ? N 3 E
Veroniceae speedwell tribe
subg. Beccabunga Veronica beccabunga European speedwell, brooklime Y ? 0 E 6 T M 62 Moderate  u   5  1b 1b
subg. Beccabunga Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell, blue water speedwell ? Y X U 3
subg. Veronica Veronica officinalis heath speedwell, common speedwell Y Y X U 1 T 52 Moderate 3 4
subg. Chamaedrys Veronica arvensis corn speedwell ? Y X E 5
subg. Chamaedrys Veronica chamaedrys germander speedwell, bird's eye ? Y M E 3
subg. Chamaedrys Veronica verna spring speedwell ? Y 1 F
subg. Cochlidiosperma Veronica hederifolia ivyleaf speedwell ? Y 2 E 7
Callitricheae water-starwort tribe
Callitriche Callitriche stagnalis water chickweed, pond waterstarwort Y Y 0 E 5 T 49 Low
Cheloneae turtlehead tribe
Penstemon Penstemon digitalis foxglove beardtongue ? Y X 5 0

Lamiales: Scrophulariaceae

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Tribe Species W F K C S A H L
Scrophulariaceae figwort family
Buddlejeae Buddleja davidii orange-eye butterfly-bush i Y X E X T M Low  u   u   u   u   u   b   b   5  1d 1c 1c
Scrophularieae Verbascum thapsus common mullein i Y M E X T M  NA   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u   u  4 4
Scrophularieae Verbascum phlomoides orange mullein, clasping-leaf mullein e Y 4 E 0 T
Scrophularieae Verbascum blattaria moth mullein i Y X E 4

Lamiales: Lamiaceae

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Tribe Species W F K C S A H L
Lamiaceae Viticoideae sage subfamily
Viticoideae Vitex rotundifolia beach vitex, roundleaf chastetree e \ 0 0 X P 73 High 1b 1 1c 1c A4*
Viticoideae Vitex agnus-castus lilac chastetree e \ D 0 1 T 1c 1c
Viticoideae Callicarpa dichotoma purple / Chinese beauty-berry e \ 4 E 2 T M  NA   u   b   b   b   2   5  1b 1b
Viticoideae Callicarpa americana American beautyberry, French mulberry n \ C 0 N 1c 1c
Lamiaceae Ajugoideae bugle subfamily
Ajugoideae Clerodendrum trichotomum harlequin glorybower e \ 2 0 0  NA   u   b   b   b   b   5   5  1c 1c
Ajugoideae Ajuga reptans carpet bugle e Y M E 8 A5
Ajugoideae Ajuga genevensis blue bugle, Geneva bugle e Y 1 E 0
Lamiaceae Lamioideae deadnettle subfamily
Lamieae Lamium galeobdolon yellow archangel i Y X 0 X T M Moderate  u   b   b   2   2   b   b   5  1d 1a 1a
Lamieae Lamium album white deadnettle, snowflake i ? 1 E 1 1a 2
Lamieae Lamium maculatum spotted deadnettle i Y X E 3
Lamieae Lamium purpureum purple deadnettle i Y X E 4
Lamieae Lamium amplexicaule henbit deadnettle i Y X E X
Leonureae Leonurus cardiaca motherwort e Y M E 5 4 4
Stachydeae Stachys byzantina lamb’s ears, woolly hedge-nettle e ? 5 E 0 T
Marrubieae Marrubium vulgare white horehound i ? 1 E 5
Galeopseae Galeopsis bifida notched / splitlip / bifid-lip hempnettle i Y X E 1
Lamiaceae Nepetoideae catnip subfamily
Mentheae Glechoma hederacea ground ivy, creeping Charlie i Y M E X T M High  4   4   4   4   4   3   4   4   4  4 A5
Mentheae Mentha suaveolens apple mint i \ 2 E 0 T
Mentheae Mentha pulegium pennyroyal i Y 0 0 4 T
Mentheae Mentha spicata spearmint i Y X E 5
Mentheae Mentha arvensis European corn mint n Y X U 0
Mentheae Mentha × gracilis Scotch spearmint, bushy mint e Y 0 3
Mentheae Salvia glutinosa sticky sage, Jupiter's distaff e Y 2 0 2 T
Mentheae Salvia reflexa mintweed, lanceleaf sage n ? 3 U 0 T
Mentheae Lycopus europaeus European bugleweed / water horehound i Y 7 E 1 T
Mentheae Lycopus asper rough / western bugleweed / water horehound ? ? 0 E 0
Mentheae Melissa officinalis lemon balm i Y X E 3
Mentheae Nepeta cataria catnip i Y X E 8
Elsholtzieae Elsholtzia ciliata crested late-summer mint i Y 1 E 1 T
Elsholtzieae Perilla frutescens var. frutescens beefsteak plant, perilla mint i Y X E X T

Lamiales: Paulowniaceae, Bignoniaceae, Verbenaceae

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Tribe Species W F K C S A H L
Paulowniaceae princess-tree family
Paulowniaceae Paulownia tomentosa princess-tree Y Y X E X T M 51 Moderate  u   u   2   2   u   b   b   3   5  1a A5
Bignoniaceae catalpa family
Bignoniaceae Catalpa ovata Chinese catalpa Y Y 1 E 0  NA   u   b   4   b  1b
Bignoniaceae Catalpa speciosa northern / hardy catalpa N Y X E 4 T M  NA   u   u   4   u   u   u   u   u   5  1a 4
Bignoniaceae Catalpa bignonioides southern / common catalpa N Y 3 E 1 1b
Bignoniaceae Campsis radicans trumpet-creeper n Y X U 1 M  NA   u   u   3   u   u   u   u   u   5  1a
Verbenaceae vervain family
sect. Verbenaca Verbena bonariensis purpletop / South American vervain Y Y 9 E 5 T 0

Aquifoliales: Aquifoliaceae (holly)

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Aquifoliaceae holly family
Aquifoliaceae Ilex crenata Japanese holly Y Y D F 6 T M 48 Moderate  u   b   b   b   2   4  1b
Aquifoliaceae Ilex aquifolium English holly Y \ D 0 9

Asterales: Campanulaceae, Menyanthaceae

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Tribe or Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Campanulaceae bellflower family
Campanuleae Campanula rapunculoides creeping bellflower Y Y X E 7 3 A4
Campanuleae Campanula glomerata clustered bellflower, Dane's blood Y N 8 E 1 T
Lobelieae Lobelia chinensis Chinese lobelia N \ 0 0 0 T 37 Low
Menyanthaceae floating heart family
Nymphoides Nymphoides peltata yellow floating heart, water fringe Y Y 2 E X T M P 74 High  3   2  1  2   3  1  2   2   4  1b A5
Nymphoides Nymphoides hydrophylla crested floating heart Y \ C 0 6 High 1c 1d

Asterales: Asteraceae: Carduoideae: Cardueae

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Centaureinae knapweed, starthistle, safflower
sect. Centaurea Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos spotted knapweed Y Y M E X T M P 79 High  3   4  3  4   4   4   4   4   4  3 A3
sect. Phrygia Centaurea jacea brown knapweed Y Y X E X T M 62 Moderate  4   4  3  3   4   2   4   4   5  1a A3
sect. Phrygia Centaurea nigra black knapweed, Spanish-buttons Y Y 2 E 6 T M 62 Moderate  4   4   3   u   u   b   b   4   5  1a A3
sect. Phrygia Centaurea × moncktonii Monckton's (meadow, hybrid) knapweed ? Y 6 F 3 T M 62 Moderate  4   4   4   u   4   u   4   u   4  4
sect. Phrygia Centaurea nigrescens Tyrol knapweed Y Y 6 E 7 T M 62 Moderate  4   u   3   u   b   b   u   u   5  1a
sect. Cyanus Centaurea cyanus cornflower Y Y X E 4  NA   u   u   5   u   b   u   b   u   5  1c
sect. Cyanus Centaurea montana perennial cornflower, mountain starthistle Y Y X E 1  NA   u   b   4   b   b   b   b   b   5  1b
sect. Lopholoma Centaurea solstitialis yellow star thistle Y ? X E X T 1c 1c
sect. Lopholoma Centaurea scabiosa greater knapweed, greater centaury Y ? 0 E 1 1c 1c
sect. Carthamus Carthamus lanatus woolly distaff thistle, downy safflower Y \ 0 0 3 High 1b 1c 1c
sect. Carthamus Carthamus tinctorius safflower Y N 3 0 1 1c 1c
sect. Crupina Crupina vulgaris bearded creeper Y \ 0 0 X T 1c
Carduinae thistles, burdocks
sect. old-world Cirsium Cirsium arvense creeping thistle, Canada thistle Y Y M E 78 T M P 71 High  4   4  3  4   4   3   4   4   4  1a A2
sect. old-world Cirsium Cirsium vulgare bull thistle Y Y M E 43 T M Moderate  4   4  4
sect. old-world Cirsium Cirsium palustre marsh thistle Y Y 6 E 5 T M 68 Moderate  2  1b
sect. Silybum Silybum marianum blessed milkthistle Y N D E 10 T M High  5  1a 1a 1a 1a  2  1b
sect. Carduus Carduus nutans musk thistle i Y 7 E 56 T M Moderate  4   2  1a
sect. Carduus Carduus acanthoides spiny plumeless thistle i Y X E 40 Moderate  5  1a 1b
sect. Onopordum Onopordum acanthium Scotch cottonthistle i Y 3 E 22 T
sect. Arctium Arctium minus lesser burdock i Y M E 17  u   4  3
sect. Arctium Arctium lappa greater burdock i Y X E 6  u   4  1a
Carlininae carline thistles
sect. Carlina Carlina vulgaris carline thistle e Y 5 E 2 T M Unknown  u   b   u   3   5   b   b   b   u  1b
Echinopsinae globethistles
sect. Echinops Echinops sphaerocephalus great globethistle, glandular globe-thistle N Y 0 E 0 T

Asterales: Asteraceae: Cichorioideae: Cichorieae

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Genus Species W F K C S A H L
Hyoseridinae sow thistle
Sonchus Sonchus arvensis perennial sow thistle Y Y X E X 4
Sonchus Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis glandular field sowthistle Y Y 1 E X T
Sonchus Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus smooth sow thistle Y Y 3 E X
Sonchus Sonchus asper spiny-leaved / plrickly sow thistle Y Y X E 9
Sonchus Sonchus oleraceus common sow thistle Y Y 9 E 9
Sonchus Sonchus tenerrimus slender sow thistle N N 1 E 1 1d 1d
Hypochaeridinae oxtongue, hawkbit
Picris Picris hieracioides hawkweed oxtongue Y Y X E 3 4 4
Scorzoneroides Scorzoneroides autumnalis fall dandelion, autumn hawkbit Y Y X E 1 1a 1a
Hypochaeris Hypochaeris radicata hairy cat’s ear Y Y 6 E 7 1a 1a
Hieraciinae hawkweed
Pilosella Pilosella caespitosa yellow hawkweed ? Y X E 0 T
Pilosella Pilosella aurantiaca orange hawkweed ? Y M E X
Pilosella Pilosella piloselloides smooth / glaucous-leaved hawkweed ? Y 3 8 T
Hieracium Hieracium murorum wall hawkweed Y Y 2 E 2 T
Hieracium Hieracium sabaudum Savoy / New England hawkweed Y ? D E 2
Crepidinae dandelion
Taraxacum Taraxacum erythrospermum red-seeded dandelion, rock dandelion Y Y 8 E 2
Taraxacum Taraxacum officinale common dandelion N Y M U 8
Youngia Youngia japonica oriental false hawksbeard Y \ 1 F 4 T
Cichoriinae chicory
Cichorium Cichorium intybus chicory Y Y M E X T 4 4
Scorzonerinae salsify
Tragopogon Tragopogon dubius fistulous / yellow salsify / goat’s-beard Y Y 5 E 9 1a 1a
Tragopogon Tragopogon porrifolius purple salsify / goat’s-beard, Jerusalem star Y Y 1 E 3 1b 1b
Tragopogon Tragopogon pratensis meadow salsify, meadow goat’s beard N Y X E 3 1a 3
Scolyminae golden thistle
Scolymus Scolymus hispanicus golden thistle, Spanish oyster-plant / salsify Y N 0 E 2 1c 1c
Lactucinae lettuce
Mycelis Mycelis muralis wall lettuce Y Y X E 3 T M  NA   4   u   u   u   u   b   u   u   2  1a 1a
Lactuca Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce Y Y X E 6 1a 1a
Lactuca Lactuca saligna willow-leaved lettuce, least lettuce Y Y D 0 4 1c 1c

Asterales: Asteraceae: Asteroideae

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Genus or Subgenus Species W F K C S A H L
Anthemideae Artemisiinae mugwort, wormwood
subg. Artemisia Artemisia vulgaris common mugwort Y Y M E X T M P 79 High  4   4   4   4   4   3   4   4   4  4 4 A2
subg. Artemisia Artemisia stelleriana beach wormwood, hoary mugwort N Y D E 4 High  5  1a 1 1a  4  1c
subg. Artemisia Artemisia annua sweet Annie, annual wormwood Y Y 2 E 4
subg. Absinthium Artemisia absinthium absinthe wormwood, common wormwood Y Y 1 E X T M  NA   u   b   u   5   u   u   b   u   u  1b
Anthemideae Anthemidinae tansy, chamomile
Tanacetum Tanacetum vulgare common tansy Y Y X E X T M 52 Moderate  u   4   u   u   u   u   u   u   u  1a 4
Tanacetum Tanacetum parthenium feverfew N Y X E 0 3
Anthemis Anthemis cotula stinking chamomile, mayweed Y Y 4 E 6
Anthemis Anthemis arvensis corn chamomile N Y D E 1
Cota Cota tinctoria yellow chamomile, golden Marguerite Y Y D E 1
Anthemideae Leucantheminae daisy
Leucanthemum Leucanthemum vulgare oxeye daisy Y Y M E M  NA   u   u   u   u   u   u   4   u   u  4 4
Leucanthemum Leucanthemum maximum Shasta daisy, max chrysanthemum Y N 3 E 1  NA   b   b   b   b   b   b   b   b  1d 1c 1c
Senecioneae Senecioninae ragwort, groundsel
Senecioninae Jacobaea vulgaris tansy ragwort Y ? 0 E X T 60 M High 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1b 1b
Senecioninae Senecio vulgaris common groundsel, old man in the spring Y Y X E 6 1a 1a
Senecioninae Senecio viscosus sticky groundsel Y Y 1 E 1 1b 1b
Senecioneae Tussilagininae colt's foot, butter-bur
Tussilagininae Tussilago farfara colt’s foot, coltsfoot i Y M E 21 T 58 M 4 4
Tussilagininae Petasites hybridus pestilence wort, purple butter-bur N ? 3 E 0 T
Tussilagininae Petasites japonicus Japanese butter-bur / sweet coltsfoot N 7 0 0 T
Astereae Conyzinae fleabanes, horseweeds
Conyzinae Erigeron bonariensis flax-leaved horseweed, asthmaweed, Argentine Fleabane ? 0 0 3 High 1b 1c 1c
Astereae Bellidinae daisies
Bellidinae Bellis perennis lawn daisy, English daisy Y Y X E 2
Astereae Boltoniinae daisies
Boltoniinae Boltonia asteroides asterlike boltonia ? ? D U 0
Heliantheae Engelmanniinae rosinweeds
Engelmanniinae Silphium perfoliatum cup-plant ? Y X E 5 T M P 78 High  3   2   2  1a  2  1  3   2   3  1b 1b A5
Heliantheae Ecliptinae false daisy
Ecliptinae Eclipta prostrata false daisy, yerba de tago N U 4 5 2 1c
Heliantheae Zinniinae zinnias
Zinniinae Zinnia elegans elegant zinnia ? N C 0 0 1b
Heliantheae Ambrosiinae ambrosia, cocklebur
Ambrosiinae Xanthium spinosum spiny cocklebur Y ? 0 E 8 1c 1c
Ambrosiinae Ambrosia psilostachya western ragweed, naked-spike ambrosia ? Y D F 1
Heliantheae Verbesininae crownbeard
Verbesininae Verbesina encelioides western golden crownbeard, cowpen daisy ? N 0 E 2 1c 1c
Heliantheae Helianthinae sunflowers
sect. Helianthus Helianthus annuus common sunflower ? Y X E 2 1a 1a
sect. Divaricati Helianthus maximiliani Maximilian's sunflower ? Y D E 0 T 1c 1c
sect. Divaricati Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke ? Y X U 2 1a 2
sect. Divaricati Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower ? Y 1 U
Heliantheae Rudbeckiinae coneflowers
Rudbeckiinae Rudbeckia hirta common black-eyed Susan ? Y M U 1
Rudbeckiinae Rudbeckia fulgida orange / showy coneflower ? Y 2 U 0
Inuleae Inulinae elecampane
Inulinae Inula helenium elecampane Y Y X E 3 T
Inulinae Pentanema britannica British yellowhead ? N 0 E 3 T
Inuleae Pentanema salicinum willow-leaved yellowhead, Irish fleabane ? N 0
Eupatorieae Ageratinae whiteweed
Ageratinae Ageratum conyzoides yerba de cabrio, goatweed, tropical whiteweed N 0 d 0 1 T 1c 1c
Ageratinae Ageratum houstonianum bluemink, Houston's whiteweed N N C 0 0 1c 1c

Apiales

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Tribe or Subfamily Species W F K C S A H L
Araliaceae aralia family
Aralieae Aralia elata Japanese angelica-tree Y Y 9 E X T M P 80 Very High  4   2   2   3   2  1  2   3   4  1a 1a A4*
Aralieae Kalopanax septemlobus castor aralia Y ? 6 D X T M High  2  1a 1a 1a 1a 1a  2   3  1b 1b
Aralieae Eleutherococcus sieboldianus five-leaved aralia Y N 6 D 5 T M Unknown  2   b  1a  5   2   b   b   5  1b 1b
Hedereae Hedera helix English ivy Y Y X E M T M 66 Moderate  4   u   u   b   5   b   u   4   4  2 1a A3
Hedereae Hedera hibernica Atlantic ivy, Irish ivy Y \ D 0
Hedereae Hedera colchica colchis-ivy, Persian ivy N \ D 0 0 T 1c 1c
Hydrocotyloideae Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides lawn marsh-pennywort N Y D D 0 1c 1c
Apiaceae carrot, celery, or parsley family
Scandiceae Anthriscus sylvestris wild chervil, cow parsley Y Y X E X T M P 79 High  4  2 1a A3
Scandiceae Torilis japonica erect hedge-parsley Y Y 5 E 7 T M Moderate  4  1a A3
Scandiceae Torilis arvensis field / spreading / common hedge-parsley Y ? 1 E 9 1c
Scandiceae Daucus carota wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace Y Y X E X T 3
Tordylieae Heracleum mantegazzianum giant hogweed Y Y 9 E M T M P 72 High  3  3 1a A3
Tordylieae Pastinaca sativa wild parsnip Y Y X E X T M 71 Moderate  4  4 4
Careae Carum carvi caraway, anise N Y 0 E 2 T M High  4   5  1a  3   2  1  3  1a 1a 1a
Careae Aegopodium podagraria goutweed, bishop's goutweed, ground elder Y Y X E X T M 64 Moderate  4   4  1a 4 A3
Careae Falcaria vulgaris sickleweed N ? 0 E 1 T
Conium clade Conium maculatum poison hemlock Y Y 5 E X T M Moderate  u   5  1a
Oenantheae Oenanthe javanica Java waterdropwort Y \ D 0 8 T 1c 1c
Selineae Angelica sylvestris woodland angelica, wild angelica ? \ 0 0 T

Dipsacales

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Family Tribe or Subfamily Common name G A N S I T M L % NY
Rank
NY
Tier
NY PRISM Tiers SCA
Tier
BW
Tier
CBG
 
Genus or Section Species W F K C S A H L
Viburnaceae Viburneae viburnum tribe
V. clade Crenotinus Viburnum plicatum Japanese snowball Y Y 8 E X T M High  2   2   2  1a  2  1 1a  2  1d 1a 1a
V. clade Crenotinus Viburnum sieboldii Siebold’s viburnum/arrowwood Y Y 2 E X T M 63 Moderate  u   b   b   2   b   b   3   5  1b 1b A5
V. clade Valvatotinus Viburnum lantana wayfaring tree, mealytree Y Y 5 E 8 T M 54 Moderate  u   u   4   b   5   u   b   5   5  1a 1a A5
V. clade Valvatotinus Viburnum rhytidophyllum leatherleaf arrowwood N 0 C E 0 T 1c 1c
V. clade Opulus Viburnum opulus var. opulus Guelder rose, European cranberry bush Y Y 9 E X T M 67 Moderate  u   b   u   5   b   b   5   5  3 3 A3
V. clade Laminotinus Viburnum dilatatum linden arrowwood Y Y 2 E X T M 57 Moderate  u   b   b  1a  3   b   3   5  1b 1b
V. clade Laminotinus Viburnum setigerum tea viburnum Y Y D E 4 T 41 Low 1c 1c
Viburnaceae Adoxeae muskroot tribe
Sambucus Sambucus nigra European black elderberry ? \ 0 0 0 1c 1c
Sambucus Sambucus ebulus dwarf elderberry N N C E 0 1b 1b
Caprifoliaceae Caprifolioideae honeysuckle subfamily
sect. Lonicera Lonicera morrowii Morrow's honeysuckle Y Y X E X T M P 85 Very High  4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4   4  4 A2
sect. Lonicera Lonicera tatarica Tartarian honeysuckle Y Y X E X T M P 85 Very High  4   4   4   u   u   u   4   5   4  4 A2
sect. Lonicera Lonicera × bella Bell's (hybrid) honeysuckle Y Y X E X T M P 85 Very High  4   4   4   u   u   u   4   u   4  4 A2
sect. Lonicera Lonicera maackii Amur Honeysuckle Y Y X E X T M P 84 Very High  4   4   3   3   3   2   4   4   4  1a A2
sect. Lonicera Lonicera xylosteum European fly honeysuckle Y ? 1 E X T M U Moderate  u   4   5   u   u   b   b   b   5  1c A4
sect. Nintooa Lonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle Y Y X E X T M P 84 Very High  4   3   3   4   3   3   4   4   4  1a A3
sect. Isika Lonicera fragrantissima winter honeysuckle, sweet breath of spring Y Y 1 0 X Unknown  5   b   b   5   5  1c
Caprifoliaceae Dipsacoideae teasel subfamily
Dipsacus Dipsacus laciniatus cut-leaf teasel Y Y X E X T M P 76 High  4   4   3   3   3  1 1a  2   2  1a 3 A3
Dipsacus Dipsacus fullonum common teasel ? Y X E X T M High  4   4   4   3   3   2   4   4   2  4 4
Dipsacus Dipsacus sativus fuller's teasel Y N 0 E 1 1c 1c
Caprifoliaceae Linnaeoideae twinflower subfamily
Kolkwitzia Kolkwitzia amabilis beautybush e N X 0 3 T M High  2  1a 1b
Abelia Abelia × grandiflora glossy abelia e \ D E 0
Caprifoliaceae Valerianoideae valerian subfamily
Valeriana Valeriana officinalis common valerian, garden heliotrope Y Y X E X T M 62 Moderate  u   4  1a 4
Valerianella Valerianella locusta European cornsalad N Y 2 E 0 1a 1a

Key to table columns

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Heading Cell links to Cell text shows Abbreviation Key
G Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) an indication of whether the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) shows "Evidence of Impact" for the contiguous U.S. Y = Yes (Invasive, impact apparent), listed on GRIIS-US as isInvasive
N = No (no evidence reported), listed on GRIIS-US but not isInvasive
? = not listed on GRIIS-US
Z = GRIIS-US lists as Invasive under a synonym, possibly a misspelling of the author abbreviation
e = GRIIS-US lists degreeOfEstablishment = established (category C3)
i = GRIIS-US lists degreeOfEstablishment = invasive (category D2)
n = not listed on GRIIS-US
United States Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (US-RIIS) 2021-11-30 Comprehensive and Authoritative Lists of Non-Native Taxa Established in Alaska, Hawaii, and the Conterminous United States This is the source for GRIIS-US data reported by GBIF above
A New York Flora Atlas (NYFA) Nativity and naturalization status Y = Yes (Non-native and Naturalized in New York State)
N = No (Not native and not naturalized in New York State)
U = Nativity undetermined
? = Naturalization status undetermined
I = Native but Interfering and/or listed as Invasive
N iNaturalist (iNat) taxon page Approximate number of New York State counties with research-grade observations for the taxon. Note that observations may be lacking for taxa that are more difficult to identify or less interesting or less obvious to observers. 0 = No New York State counties
1 ... 9 = number of Upstate New York counties where observed
X = 10 or more counties
M = Most if not all New York State counties
C = Cultivated (not naturalized) north of Rockland and Westchester
D = Only Downstate counties (no counties north of Rockland and Westchester)
S NatureServe Explorer (NSE) conservation status in New York E = Exotic (not native) in New York State
U = Unranked
0 = Not present in New York State
5 = Secure (may be mixed native & exotic)
I Invasive.org number of sources for the listing of the taxon on Invasive.Org 0 ... 9 = Number of sources listed
X = 10 or more sources listed
M = Many (near 50 or more) sourced listed
T iMapInvasives New York Species List whether taxon is currently tracked in NY T = Tracked in NY
L New York Codes, Rules and Regulations, Title 6 - DEC, Chapter V - Resource Management Services, Subchapter C - Invasive Species, Part 575 whether species is Prohibited or Regulated in New York State P = Prohibited in New York State
R = Regulated in New York State