Flora of New York/Apiales
← Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae |
Flora of New York — Apiales | → Dipsacales | |||
Table of contents |
Genus index |
Protected species index | Invasive species index | ||
In New York State, the order Apiales is represented by the ginseng family (Araliaceae) and the carrot family (Apiaceae).
|
Order | Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Subtribe | Genera | G | T |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apiales | Araliaceae | Aralioideae | Hedereae | — | Hedera (English ivy) | 1 | 1 |
Aralieae | — | Aralia (spikenard, sarsaparilla, angelica tree) Panax (ginseng) Eleutherococcus (five-leaved aralia) |
3 | 8 | |||
Hydrocotyloideae | — | — | Hydrocotyle (water pennywort) | 1 | 5 | ||
Apiaceae | Saniculoideae | Saniculeae | — | Sanicula (sanicle, black snakeroot) Eryngium (eryngo, coyote thistle) |
2 | 7 | |
Apioideae | Oenantheae | — | Sium (water-parsnip) Cicuta (water-hemlock) Cryptotaenia (honewort) Ptilimnium (mock bishop-weed, herb-william) Lilaeopsis (grasswort) Oxypolis (cowbane, stiff cowbane, water dropwort) Berula (water parsnip) |
7 | 8 | ||
Scandiceae | Scandicinae | Osmorhiza (sweetroot, sweet-cicely) Chaerophyllum (chervil) Anthriscus (chervil, cow parsley) |
3 | 6 | |||
Daucinae | Daucus (wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace) | 1 | 1 | ||||
Torilidinae | Torilis (hedge parsley) | 1 | 1 | ||||
Careae | — | Carum (caraway, anise) Aegopodium (goutweed, ground elder) |
2 | 2 | |||
Pimpinelleae | — | Pimpinella (burnet-saxifrage) | 1 | 2 | |||
Coriandreae | — | Coriandrum (coriander) | 1 | 1 | |||
Apieae | — | Apium (celery) Anethum (dill) Foeniculum (fennel) Levisticum (lovage) Petroselinum (parsley) |
4 | 4 | |||
Tordylieae | — | Heracleum (cow parsnip, hogweed) Pastinaca (parsnip) |
2 | 4 | |||
Selineae | — | Taenidia (yellow pimpernel) Zizia (golden Alexanders) Angelica (angelica) Ligusticum (licorice-root) Thaspium (meadow-parsnip) Aethusa (fool's parsley) Peucedanum (masterwort) |
7 | 11 | |||
(unplaced) | — | Conioselinum (hemlock-parsley) Erigenia (pepper-and-salt) Conium (poison hemlock) |
3 | 3 |
Family AraliaceaeEdit
The Araliaceae (ginseng family)
|
Subfamily AralioideaeEdit
Tribe AralieaeEdit
AraliaEdit
Three sections of Aralia are found in New York.[1]
|
Aralia sect. NanaeEdit
Aralia sect. Nanae contains wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), a small understory shrub whose rhizomes have been used to flavor soft drinks. However, commercially available sarsaparilla drinks have traditionally been made from Smilax ornata, which is native to Mexico and Central America.
|
Aralia sect. Nanae | Sarsaparilla | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Aralia nudicaulis L. |
Wild sarsaparilla, American sarsaparilla, Virginia sarsaparilla Angélique à tige nue, Salsepareille |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
Aralia sect. AraliaEdit
|
Aralia sect. Aralia | Spikenard | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Aralia racemosa L. |
Spikenard, American spikenard, Small spikenard, Life-of-man, Petty-morel |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure FACU Perennial, Subshrub |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Aralia sect. DimorphanthusEdit
Sect. Dimorphanthus is disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and eastern North America with only two of it's 29 species native to North America. Both of these native species are present in New York, along with one Asian introduction.
One distinguishing characteristic of this section is that all members bear prickles on their stems, while the species of all other Aralia sections remain unarmed.[1] The native Aralia spinosa (devil's walkingstick) is similar in appearance to the exotic invasive Aralia elata (Japanese Angelica tree). Reports of Aralia spinosa in the New York City area are probably Aralia elata.[2]
|
Aralia sect. Dimorphanthus | Angelica-tree | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Vent. 1801. Aralia hispida Vent. |
Bristly sarsaparilla, Bristly spikenard Aralie hispide, Salsepareille |
Native, CoC: 6, Likely secure Perennial, Subshrub |
NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos IPN Images Wikispecies | ||
L. |
Devil's walking-stick, Hercules'-club, Angelica-tree |
Native, CoC: 4, Endangered, Note:[1] FAC Perennial, Tree, shrub |
NYFA-4 USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN-0 Images Wikispecies | ||
(Miq.) Seem. Dimorphanthus elatus Miq. Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. |
Japanese angelica-tree, Japanese aralia, Japanese Hercules'-club Aralie élevée, Aralia élevé, Angélique du Japon |
Introduced from temperate Asia, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 80%[2], Prohibited[3], NE-4[4] |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
|
PanaxEdit
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), is widely collected for use as a medicinal herb.[1] Note that is illegal to harvest American ginseng from State Lands.[2] |
Panax | Ginseng | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Panax trifolium L. 1854. Aralia trifolia (L.) Decne.& Planch. 1872. Ginseng trifolium (L.) Alph.Wood |
Dwarf ginseng, Groundnut Ginseng à trois folioles, Panace à trois folioles, Petit ginseng |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies | ||
L. 1718. Aureliana canadensis Lafit. pre-Lin. 1753. Panax quinquefolium L. 1838. Panax americanus Raf. 1854. Aralia quinquefolia (L.) Decne.& Planch. 1871. Ginseng quinquefolium (L.) Alph.Wood |
American ginseng, Five-leaved ginseng, Occidental ginseng, Redberry Ginseng à cinq folioles, Ginseng d'Amérique, Grand ginseng, Panace à cinq folioles |
Native, CoC: 9, Vulnerable Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-3-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies | ||
EleutherococcusEdit
The National Park Service considers Five-leaf Aralia to be a potential or emerging threat to natural areas in the mid-Atlantic region.[1] |
Eleutherococcus | Thorny ginseng | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Makino) Koidz. 1881. Acanthopanax pentaphyllus Marchal 1898. Acanthopanax sieboldianus Makino 1914. E. pentaphyllus (Marchal) Nakai 1939. E. sieboldianus (Makino) Koidz. |
Five-leaved aralia | Introduced, Potentially invasive |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
KalopanaxEdit
Genus Kalopanax contains the single species castor aralia (Kalopanax septemlobus). Infestations have been documented at Vasser College in Poughkeepsie (Dutchess County).[1].
|
Kalopanax | Castor aralia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Thunb.) Koidz. Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. |
Castor aralia
|
Introduced, Highly invasive, Unknown naturalization, SNA |
NYFA: 1 county iMap: 3 counties iNat: 8 counties |
NYFA-Xu USDA-X0 iNaturalist Images Wikispecies | |
Tribe HedereaeEdit
HederaEdit
Ivies (Hedera spp.) are primarily native to Eurasia and northern Africa. Outside of their native ranges, some can become invasive, as Hedera helix is considered to be in New York. However both of these ivies are considered invasive at various locations throughout North America.[1] |
Hedera | Ivy | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. ssp. helix 1753. Hedera helix L 1830. Hedera canariensis Willd. 1830. H. helix var. canariensis DC. 1913. H. helix ssp. canariensis Cout. |
English ivy Lierre commun, Lierre |
Introduced from temperate Eurasia, northern Africa, Moderately invasive, NYIS: 66%[1], CP-3[2] IPA |
NYFA-X USDA-X0 Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Hedera (excluded) | Ivy | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(G.Kirchn.) Bean 1864. Hedera helix var. hibernica G.Kirchn. 1890. Hedera hibernica Carrière invalid 1914. Hedera hibernica (G.Kirchn.) Bean 1987. Hedera helix ssp. hibernica McClint. |
Atlantic ivy, Irish ivy Lierre d'Irlande |
Introduced from Europe, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
|
Subfamily HydrocotyloideaeEdit
HydrocotyleEdit
|
Hydrocotyle | Water pennywort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Hydrocotyle americana L. |
American marsh-pennywort, American water-pennywort |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
L. 1753. Hydrocotyle umbellata L. |
Many-flowered marsh-pennywort, Many-flowered pennywort, Dollarweed |
Native, CoC: 10, Rare |
NYFA-3 USDA-N? Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
L.f. 1782. H. ranunculoides L.f. |
Floating pennywort | Native, Endangered |
NYFA-1 Images Wikispecies | ||
Thunb. var. verticillata 1798. Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. |
Whorled pennywort, Whorled marsh-pennywort |
Native, Endangered |
NYFA-1 Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
L. Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. H. fetherstoniana 1798. H. verticillata var. fetherstoniana |
European marsh-pennywort, Common pennywort, Pennywort |
Introduced, Impersistent |
NYFA-Z USDA-00 Go Botany EOL Images Wikispecies | ||
Lam. 1789. Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.
1830. Hydrocotyle rotundifolia Roxburgh ex DC. |
Lawn marsh-pennywort | Introduced, Naturalized |
NYFA-Xn USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | ||
Hance 1862. Hydrocotyle batrachium Hance
1936. Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides var. batrachium (Hance) Hand.-Mazz. ex R.H.Shan |
Open-leaved marsh pennywort | Introduced, Naturalized |
NYFA-Xn Images Wikispecies | ||
Family ApiaceaeEdit
The Apiaceae (carrot family) also goes by the name Umbelliferae.
Subfamily SaniculoideaeEdit
Tribe SaniculeaeEdit
SaniculaEdit
|
Sanicula | Sanicle / black snakeroot |
N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. S. marilandica L. |
Maryland sanicle, Maryland snakeroot, Black snakeroot |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany LBJ Images Wikispecies | ||
L. var. canadensis 1753. S. canadensis L. 1824. S. marilandica var. canadensis |
Short-styled sanicle, Canadian blacksnakeroot, Canada sanicle |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5, G5 FACU-UPL Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
var. grandis Fernald 1940. S. canadensis var. grandis |
Long-styled Canada sanicle
Long-styled Canada snakeroot
Big-fruited Canada sanicle
Big-fruited Canada snakeroot |
Native, CoC: 7, Historical, SH FACU-UPL Biennial, Herb-forb |
Jefferson (1963) | NYFA-H USDA-N Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
(Raf.) K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe 1817. Triclinium odoratum Raf. 1895. S. gregaria E.P.Bicknell 1989. S. odorata (Raf.) K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe |
Clustered sanicle, Clustered black snakeroot, Common black snakeroot |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | ||
E.P. Bicknell |
Large-fruited sanicle, Large-fruited snakeroot, Beaked snakeroot |
Native, CoC: ?, Secure Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | ||
EryngiumEdit
Eryngium | Eryngo | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Marsh rattlesnake master | Native, No recent reports |
NYFA-Z Images Wikispecies | |||
Plain coyote-thistle, Plains eryngo |
Introduced Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |||
Eryngium (excluded taxa) | Eryngo | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Seaside coyote-thistle | Introduced, Impersistent |
NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies | |||
Michx. Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. |
Button eryngo
Button snake-root
Rattlesnake master |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | ||
Subfamily ApioideaeEdit
The organization used here for the Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae is based on Downie (2010).[1] |
Tribe BupleureaeEdit
BupleurumEdit
|
Bupleurum | ' | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. Bupleurum rotundifolium L. |
Hare’s ear
Thoroughwax
|
Introduced, Not naturalized Annual, Herb-forb |
NYFA-m USDA-X Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
Tribe ErigenieaeEdit
ErigeniaEdit
Erigenia | Erigenia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Harbinger-of-spring, Pepper-and-salt |
Native, CoC: 9, Endangered |
NYFA-1 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |||
Tribe OenantheaeEdit
SiumEdit
Sium | Waterparsnip | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Walter 1788. Sium suave Walter 1789. Sium cicutifolium Schrank 1987. Sium suave var. floridanum C.F. Reed |
Hemlock water-parsnip, Water-parsnip, Water-parsley |
Native, Secure |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
CicutaEdit
There are two native water-hemlock (Cicuta) species in New York, both of which are highly toxic to humans and livestock.
|
Cicuta | water-hemlock | stems | height | leaflet shape | leaflet width | leaf margins | upper leaf axils |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C. bulbifera | "bulb-bearing" | slender | ≤1 m | linear | ≤5 mm | coarse teeth | with bulblets |
C. maculata | "spotted" | stout, branched | ≤2 m | lanceolate to ovate | >5 mm (mostly) | sharp narrow teeth | without bulblets |
Cicuta | Water-hemlock | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Cicuta bulbifera L.
1836. Keraskomion bulbiferum (L.) Raf. |
Bulb-bearing water-hemlock, Bulblet-bearing water hemlock, Bulbous waterhemlock |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
L. var. maculata 1753. Cicuta maculata L.
1786. Cicutaria maculata (L.) Lam.
1832. Cicuta maculata var. maculata (autonym)
1888. Cicuta virosa var. maculata (L.) J.M. Coult. & Rose
1900. Cicuta curtissii J.M. Coult. & Rose
1900. Cicuta mexicana J.M. Coult. & Rose |
Spotted water hemlock, Poison hemlock, Beaver-poison, Musquash-root, Spotted cowbane |
Native, CoC: 5, Secure, S5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA- Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
CryptotaeniaEdit
Cryptotaenia is a small genus with a single North American native, known as honewort, which inhabits rich moist forests and thickets.
|
Cryptotaenia | Honewort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) DC. 1753. Sison canadense L. 1829. Cryptotaenia canadensis DC. 1891. Deringa canadensis Kuntze |
Honewort
Canada honewort
Canadian honewort
White chervil
Wild chervil
Japanese parsley
Cryptoténie du Canada
|
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FAC |
NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
PtilimniumEdit
Ptilimnium | Mock-bishopweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Michx.) Raf. 1803. Ammi capillaceum Michx. 1829. Discopleura capillacea DC. 1830. Ptilimnium capillaceum Raf. |
Mock bishop-weed, Threadleaf mockbishopweed, Atlantic mock bishop-weed, Herbwilliam |
Native, Rare |
NYFA-3 USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
LilaeopsisEdit
Lilaeopsis | Grasswort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Kuntze 1753. Hydrocotyle chinensis L. 1803. Hydrocotyle lineata Michx. 1818. Crantzia lineata Nutt. 1891. Lilaeopsis lineata Greene 1898. Lilaeopsis chinensis Kuntze |
Eastern grasswort, Eastern lilaeopsis |
Native, Threatened |
NYFA-2 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
OxypolisEdit
|
Oxypolis Raf. | Cowbane | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Raf. 1753. Sium rigidius L. 1830. Oxypolis rigidior Raf. |
Stiff cowbane, Water-dropwort |
Native, Endangered |
NYFA-1 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
BerulaEdit
Water parsnip
|
Berula | Waterparsnip | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Huds.) Coville 1762. Sium erectum Huds.
1762. Sium angustifolium L.
1850. Sium thunbergii DC.
1893. Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville
1961. Berula erecta var. incisa (Torr.) Cronquist
1927. Berula thunbergii (DC.) H. Wolff
1942. Berula pusilla Fernald |
Cutleaf water parsnip, Cut-leaved water parsnip, Water parsnip |
Native, CoC: 10, No recent reports, SX, G4-5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
Suffolk (1938) | NYFA-Z USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
OenantheEdit
Waterdropwort (Oenanthe javanica does not appear to have been identified in the wild in New York, but it has been reported as invasive in the Midwest and is present in other northeastern states. It is also commercially available in NY and similar in appearance to other weedy Apiaceae, so it seems likely that it has either been overlooked or will eventually escape cultivation within the state.
|
Oenanthe (excluded taxa) | Water dropwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | X NPT |
(Blume) DC. Oenanthe javanica
Oenanthe stolonifera |
Java waterdropwort
Water cellery
|
Introduced, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives |
NYFA: 0 counties iNat: Queens (2021) |
USDA-XX GBIF iNaturalist Images Wikispecies | |
Tribe ScandiceaeEdit
Subtribe ScandicinaeEdit
OsmorhizaEdit
The two native species of Osmorhiza (sweet cicely or sweetroot) can be distinguished by the ultimate number of divisions of their umbels and by the strength of anise odor from their roots and foliage. Usually, O. claytonii has 4-8 flowers and a slight anise odor, while O. longistylis has 9-18 flowers and a strong anise odor.
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Osmorhiza | Sweet cicely | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Michx.) C.B.Clarke 1803. Myrrhis claytonii Michx. 1830. Osmorhiza brevistylis DC. 1879. Osmorhiza claytonii C.B.Clarke 1897. Washingtonia claytonii Britton 1916. Scandix claytonii Koso-Pol. |
Bland sweet-cicely, Hairy sweet cicely, Clayton's sweetroot, Seet jarvil |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Shade |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies | ||
(Torr.) DC. 1824. Myrrhis longistylis Torr. 1830. Osmorhiza longistylis DC. 1897. Washingtonia longistylis Britton |
Long-styled sweet-cicely, Longstyle sweetroot, Aniseroot, Smooth sweet cicely, Wild licorice |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Shade |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies | ||
ChaerophyllumEdit
Spreading chervil
|
Chaerophyllum | Chervil | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Crantz var. procumbens 1753. Scandix procumbens L. 1767. C. procumbens (L.) Crantz |
Spreading chervil, Wild chervil |
Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G5 FAC-FACW Annual, Herb-forb |
Chemung, Genesee, Tompkins, Wayne | NYFA-1 USDA-NN Go Botany-0 BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
AnthriscusEdit
Highly invasive Wild chervil or cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris) has been spreading throughout the state along roadsides, forest edges, and stream and river banks, often forming dense stands. It may well have been overlooked in places where it has not yet been recorded.[1]
|
Anthriscus Pers. | Chervil | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Hoffm. |
Wild chervil
Cow parsley
Common chervil
|
Introduced from Eurasia, Highly invasive, NYIS: 79%[1], Prohibited[2], CP-3[3], SNA |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany iNaturalist Images Wikispecies | ||
(L.) Hoffm. A. longirostris Bertol. Cerefolium cerefolium Scandix cerefolium L. |
Common chervil, Garden chervil |
Introduced, Not naturalized, SNA, GNR |
St. Lawrence, Tompkins | NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
M. Bieb. A. neglecta var. scandix A. scandicina Mansf. (i) |
Bur chervil | Introduced, Not naturalized, SNA |
Tompkins | NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
|
Subtribe DaucinaeEdit
DaucusEdit
Wild carrot (Daucus carota), ancestor to the cultivated carrot, has edible roots when young, but they soon become quite woody. Wild carrot is listed as invasive in several states. It seems to be more prolific on calcareous sites.
|
Daucus | Wild-carrot | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Daucus carota L. 1753. D. gingidium L. 1813. D. aegyptiacus Hornem. 1843. D. abyssinicus C.A.Mey. |
Wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace, Bird's nest Carotte sauvage, Carotte, Carotte potagère, Dauce carotte |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Potentially invasive UPL Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Subtribe TorilidinaeEdit
TorilisEdit
Hedge parsleys are generally native to Eurasia and northern Africa. Of the three Torilis species found in New York, only Torilis japonica (erect or Japanese hedge-parsley) is known to naturalize. Although somewhat scattered throughout the state, T. japonica can form fairly dense stands where it occurs along roadsides, weedy forests, and thickets.[1] |
Torilis | Hedgeparsley | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Houtt.) DC. 1777. Caucalis japonica Houtt. 1805. T. anthriscus (L.) C.C.Gmel. 1830. T. japonica (Houtt.) DC. 1903. T. anthriscus var. japonica |
Erect hedge-parsley, Japanese hedge parsley, Upright hedge parsley Torilis du Japon, Torilis anthrisque, Torilis faux-cerfeuil |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Invasive, CP-3[1] IPA[2][3], SNA, GNR Annual, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 10 counties iNat: 4 counties |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Huds.) Link 1762. Caucalis arvensis Huds. 1821. Torilis arvensis Link 1915. Anthriscus arvensis Koso-Pol. |
Spreading hedgeparsley, Canada hedge-parsley, Field hedge-parsley Torilis des champs |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Potentially invasive, Unk. naturalization, SNA Annual, Forb-herb |
Richmond (2002) | NYFA-0 USDA-XN VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Rchb. f. 1753. Caucalis leptophylla L.
1866. Torilis leptophylla (L.) Rchb. f.
1949. Torilis xanthotricha Stankov |
Bristly-fruited hedge parsley |
Introduced, Not naturalized, SNA |
Suffolk (1966) | NYFA-Xm USDA-X0 Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
|
Tribe CareaeEdit
CarumEdit
Carum is a small genus of usually only a few species, including caraway (Carum carvi), the seeds and aromatic fruits of which are used for spice. Carum carvi is listed as highly invasive in the New York State, indicating that it can have a negative impact on native ecosystems where it naturalizes.[1] It has been reported to be most likely to naturalize in the more-northern parts of New York State.
|
Carum | Carum | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Carum carvi L.
1762. Apium carvi (L.) Crantz
1799. Aegopodium carum Wibel
1805. Seseli carvi (L.) DC.
1808. Binium carvi (L.) M.Bieb.
1879. Pimpinella carvi (L.) Jess.
1903. Carum velenovskyi Rohlena |
Caraway
Carum
Meridian fennel
Persian cumin Carvi commun
Carvi
Cumin des prés
Anis des prés
|
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Highly invasive, NYIS Tier: 4, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: [1], USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 36 counties iNat: No RG obs. |
NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
AegopodiumEdit
The only Aegopodium species known to naturalize in New York is Aegopodium podagraria (goutweed), which is native to Eurasia but has been widely planted elsewhere, where it often escapes or persists where it was planted. It has been listed as moderately invasive in New York State.
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Aegopodium | Goutweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Aegopodium podagraria L. 1827. Carum podagraria (L.) Roth 1889. Apium podagraria (L.) Caruel 1900. A. podagraria var. variegatum |
Goutweed, Bishop's goutweed, Ground elder, Snow-on-the-mountain Égopode podagraire, Herbe aux goutteux, Podagraire |
Introduced from Eurasia, Moderately invasive, NYIS: 64%[1], iMapInvasives, CP-3,[2] NE-2[3], SNA, GNR FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 25 counties iNat: xx counties |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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FalcariaEdit
Falcaria vulgaris (sickleweed) is the only species in this genus. It is being tracked as potentially invasive in New York and New Jersey.[1] |
Falcaria | Sickleweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Bernh. 1753. Sium falcaria L.
1800. Falcaria vulgaris Bernh.
1898. Falcaria sioides (Wibel) Asch. (i) |
Sickleweed
Longleaf
|
Introduced, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, Unknown naturalization, NSE: Exotic, GNR Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Bronx (1923) iNat: no observations |
NYFA-Xu USDA-X0 Go Botany iNaturalist Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Tribe PimpinelleaeEdit
PimpinellaEdit
Pimpinella | Burnet-saxifrage | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. P. saxifraga L. |
Common burnet-saxifrage, Solidstem burnet-saxifrage, Burnet-saxifrage |
Introduced, from Eurasia |
NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
(L.) Huds. 1753. P. saxifraga var. major 1762. P. major Huds. 1771. P. magna L. |
Hollowstem burnet saxifrage, Hollow-stemmed burnet-saxifrage |
Introduced from Europe |
NYFA-X USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
Tribe CoriandreaeEdit
CoriandrumEdit
Coriandrum | Coriander | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Coriandrum sativum L. 1904. Selinum coriandrum Krause |
Coriander, Cilantro, Chinese parsley Coriandre cultivée, Coriandre cultivé, Coriandre |
Introduced from Mediterranean, Likely naturalized |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Tribe ApieaeEdit
Tribe Apieae
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ApiumEdit
Apium | Celery | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Apium graveolens L. 1771. Seseli graveolens (L) Scop. 1788. Sium apium Roth 1805. Sium graveolens (L) Vest 1829. Seseli graveolens (L) Ledeb. 1900. Apium vulgare Bubani 1904. Selinum graveolens (L) Krause 1911. Apium integrilobum Hayata 1913. Celeri graveolens (L.) Britton 1916. Carum graveolens (L.) Koso-Pol. |
Celery, Wild celery Céleri |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Impersistent, Not naturalized FACW-FAC Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies | ||
AnethumEdit
Anethum | Dill | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Dill | Introduced | NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |||
FoeniculumEdit
Foeniculum | Fennel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Sweet fennel | Introduced | NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |||
LevisticumEdit
Levisticum | Levisticum | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Lovage | Introduced | NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |||
PetroselinumEdit
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is widely cultivated and may occasionally escape but is not known to truly naturalize in New York State.
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Petroselinum | Parsley | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Mill.) Fuss 1753. Apium petroselinum L.
1768. Apium crispum Mill.
1821. Petroselinum vulgare Lag.
1866. Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss
1867. Carum petroselinum (L.) Benth. & Hook.f.
1879. Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman
1904. Selinum petroselinum (L.) E.H.L.Krause
1925. P. crispum (Mill.) Nyman ex A.W.Hill |
Garden parsley, Parsley Persil |
Introduced Annual, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | ||
Tribe TordylieaeEdit
This tribe contains the parsnips and cowparsnips. The only native member of the Tordylieae is Heracleum maximum. To varying degrees, skin contact with any of these species may cause phytophotodermatitis.
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HeracleumEdit
The Heracleum (cow-parsnip or hogweed) species found in New York include the native American cow-parsnip (H. maximum) and the introduced, highly invasive giant hogweed or giant cow-parsnip (H. mantegazzianum). Although the sap of all members of this genus may cause phytophotodermatitis, giant hogweed is by far the worst offender.
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Heracleum | Cowparsnip | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
W.Bartram 1791. Heracleum maximum W.Bartram
1803. H. lanatum Michx.
1828. H. montanum Schleich. ex Gaudin
1905. H. sphondylium ssp. montanum (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Briq.
1982. H. sphondylium ssp. lanatum (Michx.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
1988. H. sphondylium var. lanatum (Michx.) Dorn |
Cow parsnip
Cow-parsnip
Common cowparsnip
American cow-parsnip
|
Native, CoC: 6, Likely secure FACW-FAC Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies | ||
Sommier & Levier |
Giant hogweed, Giant cow-parsnip |
Introduced, Highly invasive, NYIS: 72%[1], CP-3[2] |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
ssp. sphondylium |
European cow parsnip, Common hogweed, Eltrot |
Introduced | NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
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PastinacaEdit
Of the approximately 15 parsnip (Pastanica) species,[1] only wild parsnip (P. sativa) is known to have naturalized in New York.
|
Pastinaca | Parsnip | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Pastinaca sativa L. |
Wild parsnip, Common parsnip Panais sauvage, Panais cultivé |
Introduced from Eurasia, Invasive, Perdue: 71%, SNA Biennial-perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies Note: IPA[1] | ||
Tribe SelineaeEdit
TaenidiaEdit
Taenidia | Yellow-pimpernel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Drude 1753. Smyrnium integerrimum L. 1898. Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude |
Yellow pimpernel, Yellow pimpernell, Golden Alexander Ténidia à feuilles entières, Ténidie très entière |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP LBJ EOL Images Wikispecies | ||
ZiziaEdit
Zizia | Zizia | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) W.D.J.Koch 1753. Smyrnium aureum L.
1818. Thaspium aureum (L.) Nutt.
1820. Sison aureum (L.) Spreng.
1824. Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J.Koch
1894. T. trifoliatum var. aureum (L.) Britton |
Common golden Alexanders, Golden Zizia |
Native, Secure FAC, Sun - part shade |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies | ||
Zizia cordata |
Heartleaf golden Alexanders, Meadow zizia |
Native, Likely secure |
NYFA-4 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | ||
ThaspiumEdit
|
Thaspium | Meadow-parsnip | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Michx.) Nutt. 1803. Ligusticum barbinode Michx. 1818. Thaspium barbinode Nutt. 1887. T. barbinode var. angustifolium 1900. T. barbinode var. chapmanii 1933. Thaspium chapmanii Small |
Hairyjoint meadowparsnip, Hairy-jointed meadowparsnip |
Native, Endangered |
NYFA-1 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | ||
Thaspium (excluded taxa) | Meadow-parsnip | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) A.Gray var. aureum (L.) Britton 1753. Smyrnium aureum L.
1818. Thaspium aureum Nutt
1894. T. trifoliatum var. aureum Britton
1918. T. trifoliatum var. flavum S.F.Blake |
Purple meadow-parsnip, Smooth meadow-parsnip |
N.America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
(L.) A.Gray var. trifoliatum 1856. Thaspium trifoliatum (L.) A.Gray
1887. T. aureum var. trifoliatum J.M.Coult. & Rose |
Purple meadowparsnip
Purple thaspium
|
N.America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | ||
AngelicaEdit
Three native species of angelica are listed in the New York Flora Atlas.[1] The Eurasian species Angelica sylvestris (woodland angelica) has apparently become established in southeastern Canada and is being tracked by iMapInvasives in New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Vermont, and New Brunswick.[2]
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Angelica | Angelica | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Angelica atropurpurea L.
1814. Archangelica atropurpurea (L.) Hoffm.
1931. Angelica atropurpurea var. occidentalis Fassett |
Purple-stemmed angelica, Great angelica, Purplestem angelica |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
Angelica villosa |
Hairy angelica, Deadly angelica |
Native, CoC: 8, Endangered, NYNHP[1], S1, G5 Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-1 USDA-NX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
L. 1753. Angelica lucida L.
1803. Ligusticum actaeifolium Michx.
1813. Imperatoria lucida (L.) Spreng.
1816. Caucalis lucida (L.) Lag.
1830. Archangelica gmelinii DC.
1844. Coelopleurum gmelinii (DC.) Ledeb.
1900. Coelopleurum actaeifolium (Michx.) J.M. Coult. & Rose
1919. Coelopleurum lucidum (L.) Fernald |
Sea-coast angelica
Sea coast angelica
Seacoast angelica
Seaside angelica
Sea-watch
|
Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, NYNHP[2], S2, G5 FAC Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 2 counties iNat: No observations |
NYFA-2 USDA-NN GBIF Go Botany iNaturalist Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Angelica sylvestris |
Woodland angelica
wild angelica
|
Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, USGS: L48 not listed, Not listed in NY, NSE: Exotic ON |
NYFA: Not listed iNat: No RG observations |
GBIF iNaturalist Images Wikispecies | |
|
LigusticumEdit
Ligusticum | Licorice-root | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
ssp. scoticum |
Scottish licorice-root | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered |
NYFA-1 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | ||
AethusaEdit
The genus Aethusa contains the single species Aethusa cynapium (fool’s parsley or poison parsley).
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Aethusa | Aethusa | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Aethusa cynapium L. |
Fool's-parsley, Poison parsley Ethuse, Petite ciguë |
Introduced from Eurasia Annual, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
PeucedanumEdit
Peucedanum | Masterwort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) W.D.J.Koch 1753. Imperatoria ostruthia L. 1822. Imperatoria major Gray 1824. Peucedanum ostruthium W.D.J.Koch |
Masterwort | Introduced | NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||
Tribe (Conioselinum chinense clade)Edit
ConioselinumEdit
Conioselinum | Hemlockparsley | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. 1753. Athamanta chinense L. 1813. Cnidium chinense Spreng. ex Steud. 1888. Conioselinum chinense B.S.P. 1900. Conioselinum pacificum J.M.Coult. & Rose |
Chinese hemlock-parsley, Eastern hemlockparsley, Hemlock parsley |
Native, Likely secure |
NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | ||
Tribe (Conium clade)Edit
ConiumEdit
Poison-hemlock (Conium maculatum) was likely the source of the hemlock given to Socrates to drink as a penalty for corrupting the youth and refusing to recognize the gods that were recognized by the city-state of Athens. Plato claimed that Socrates' last words after drinking the poison were "Crito, we owe a cock to Asclepius. Do pay it. Don't forget." Asclepius was the god of medicine, who was killed by Zeus for bringing people back from the dead, or possibly for accepting payment for doing so.
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Conium | Poison hemlock | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Conium maculatum L.
1767. Coriandrum cicuta Crantz
1767. Cicuta officinalis Crantz
1768. Conium cicuta Neck.
1778. Cicuta major Lam.
1788. Coriandrum cicuta Roth
1788. Coriandrum maculatum (L.) Roth
1799. Conium maculosum Pall.
1806. Sium conium Vest
1904. Selinum conium (Vest) E.H.L. Krause |
Poison hemlock, Deadly hemlock, Poison parsley, Fool's-parsley, Spotted parsley, Spotted-hemlock |
Introduced, Moderately invasive, Toxic, SNA, G5 FACW Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | ||