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Flora of New York/Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae

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Tribe Millerieae

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Subtribe Milleriinae

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Smallanthus

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Smallanthus uvedalia
Hairy leafcup (Smallanthus uvedalia) was present in and collected from western New York during the first half of the twentieth century, but has not been confirmed since.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Smallanthus
Genus Smallanthus Smallanthus N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Mack. ex Small
1753. Osteospermum uvedalia L.
1763. Polymnia uvedalia (L.) L.
1933. Smallanthus uvedalius
(L.) Mack. ex Small
 Hairy leafcup,
Bear's-foot,
Yellow-flowered leafcup 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
No recent reports 		 
NYFA: Z
USDA-N0
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Guizotia
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Niger-seed (Guizotia abyssinica) is commonly used to feed birds, which may account for its occasional temporary introduction.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Guizotia
Genus Guizotia Cass. Guizotia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.f.) Cass.
1782. Polymnia abyssinica L.f.
1829. Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.
1836. Guizotia oleifera DC.
 Niger-seed,
Ramtilla 		Introduced from
 Africa,
Impersistent
UPL
Annual,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XW
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Subtribe Galinsoginae

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Galinsoga

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Galinsoga quadriradiata
shaggy soldier
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Galinsoginae
Genus Galinsoga Ruiz & Pav. Gallant-soldier N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Cav.
    G. aristulata E.P.Bicknell
    G. bicolorata H.St.John & D.White
    G. caracasana (DC.) Sch.Bip.
    G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake
 Fringed quickweed,
Peruvian daisy,
Shaggysoldier 		Introduced  
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 Cav.
    Galinsoga semicalva
 Gallant-soldier,
Small-flowered quickweed 		Introduced  
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Subtribe Melampodiinae

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Acanthospermum

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Acanthospermum australe
Paraguay starbur
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Melampodiinae
Genus Acanthospermum Schrank Starbur N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Loefl.) Kuntze
1758. Melampodium australe Loefl.
1818. Centrospermum xanthioides Kunth
1820. Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank
1836. A. xanthioides (Kunth) DC.
1891. A. australe (Loefl.) Kuntze
 Southern starburr,
Paraguayan starbur,
Paraguay-starbur,
Paraguay-bur,
Sheepbur,
Spiny-bur 		Introduced from
 South America,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: Xm
USDA-XX
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 DC.
1836. A. hispidum DC.
 auct. A. humile non (Sw.) DC.
 Hispid starburr,
Hispid starbur,
Bristly starbur 		Introduced from
 South America,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: Xm
USDA-XX
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Genus Acanthospermum (excluded taxa) Starbur N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Sw.) DC.
1788. Melampodium humile Sw.
1832. Centrospermum humile (Sw.) Less.
1836. A. humile (Sw.) DC.
 Low starburr,
Low starbur 		Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
Misidentified[1]
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
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FNA
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  1. ↑ Specimens from New York City, identified as Acanthospermum humile, were later re-itentified as Acanthospermum hispidum.

Tribe Madieae

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Known as the tarweed tribe, Madieae includes plants known as tarweeds from the western United States.

Subtribe Arnicinae

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Arnica

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Arnica lanceolata ssp. prima
clasping arnica
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Arnicinae — Arnica
Genus Arnica Arnica N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Nutt.
ssp. lanceolata
    Arnica mollisvar. petiolaris
 Lance-leaved arnica,
Lanceleaf arnica,
New England arnica,
Hairy arnica
Arnica à aigrettes brunes,
Arnica soyeux 		Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
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Subtribe Madiinae

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Madia

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Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Madia
Genus Madia Tarweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Hook.
 Mountain tarweed Introduced,
Impersistent,
N. America native 		 
NYFA: Xm
USDA-NN
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 Molina
 Chilean tarweed,
Coast tarweed 		Introduced,
Impersistent,
US West native 		 
NYFA: Xm
USDA-NX
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Centromadia

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Centromadia pungens ssp. pungens - common spikeweed
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Centromadia
Genus Centromadia Spikeweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Hook. & Arn.) Greene
ssp. pungens
1841. Hartmannia pungens Hook. & Arn.
1843. Hemizonia pungens in…
1894. Centromadia pungens in…
 Common spikeweed,
Common tarweed,
Pungent false tarplant 		Introduced from
 southwestern USA,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-N0
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Tribe Eupatorieae

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Subtribe Ageratinae

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Ageratum

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Ageratum houstonianum
bluemink or flossflower
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Ageratinae — Ageratum
Genus Ageratum Whiteweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Mill.
    Ageratum houstonianum Mill.
Bluemink
Houston's whiteweed ⓘ
Flossflower
Introduced,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: Xm
USDA-X0
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Genus Ageratum (excluded taxa) Whiteweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
    Ageratum conyzoides
Goatweed
Tropical whiteweed
Yerba de Cabrio
Not native,
N.Y. excluded,
 iMapInvasives 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
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Subtribe Oxylobinae

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Ageratina

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Ageratina altissima
white snakeroot
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Oxylobinae — Ageratina
Genus Ageratina Snakeroot N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
1753. Ageratum altissimum L.
1779. Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.
1970. Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Common white snakeroot
White snakeroot
Richweed
Eupatoire rugueuse
Eupatoire à feuilles molles 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Herb 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 (L.) Spach
 Small white snakeroot,
Small-leaved white snakeroot,
Lesser snakeroot 		Native,
Endangered,
Protected (a) 		  Kings (1888),
Nassau (1902-19),
Queens
NYFA: 1
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Subtribe Mikaniinae

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Mikania

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Mikania scandens
climbing hempweed
Climbing hempweed (Mikania scandens) is native to New York State but appears to be concentrated around Lake Ontario, the Lower Hudson Valley, and Long Island.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Mikaniinae — Mikania
Genus Mikania Hempvine N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Willd.
Climbing hempweed ⓘ
Climbing boneset ⓘ
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-vine 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NX
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Subtribe Gyptidinae

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Conoclinium

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Conoclinium coelestinum
The mistflowers (genus Conoclinium) include four North American perennials, of which only blue mistflower has been found as far north and east as New York State. However the native range of blue mistflower appears to extend only as far to the northeast as southern Pennsylvania, and it is uncertain whether this plant has truly naturalized in New York.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Gyptidinae — Conoclinium
Genus Conoclinium Thoroughwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC.
1753. Eupatorium coelestinum L.
1836. Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC.
1878. Conoclinium dichotomum Chapm.
 Blue mistflower,
Blue boneset 		Introduced,
N. America native 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-NX?
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Subtribe Liatridinae

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Liatris

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Liatris spicata
Blazing star (Liatris) species are native to much of eastern North America, but only Liatris scariosa and Liatris cylindracea are listed as clearly native to New York State, and those are listed as threatened or endangered. Apparently the most common Liatris species in New York, Liatris spicata is listed with "Unknown Native Status" in the New York Flora Atlas, and BONAP lists it as "Species native, but adventive in state" for both New York and New England.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Liatridinae — Liatris
Genus Liatris Blazing star N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Willd.
var. spicata
    
    
    
Button blazing star
Marsh blazing star
Dense blazing star
Dense gayfeather
Sessile-headed blazing star ⓘ
N. America native,
Unk. NY nativity
FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun 		 
NYFA: UN
NYFA: 9 counties
iNat
8 counties
USDA-NN
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 (L.) Willd.
var. novae-angliae Lunell
 New England blazing star Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened 		 
NYFA: 2
USDA-N0
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 (L.) Willd.
var. nieuwlandii (Lunell) E.G. Voss
 Nieuwland's blazing star Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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 Michx.
 Slender blazing-star Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
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 Michx.
 Rough gayfeather,
Tall blazing star,
Tall gayfeather 		Introduced,
N. America native 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-NN
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 Michx.
var. pycnostachya
 Thick-spiked blazing star,
Cattail gayfeather,
Prairie blazing star 		Introduced from
 US midwest,
Midwest native 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-N0
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Subtribe Eupatoriinae

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The Eupatoriinae contains the Joe-Pye weeds and thoroughworts, both of which were formerly placed in the genus Eupatorium. However, in 1970, Robert M. King and Harold E. Robinson recommended moving the Joe-Pye weeds to a new genus Eupatoriadelphus.[1] Subsequent molecular studies supported their recommendation for the taxon split, but it was determined that Eutrochium Raf. (1836) was an earlier validly published genus name for Joe-Pye weeds, so Eric E. Lamont transferred the Joe-pye weeds to Eutrochium in 2004.[2]
  1. ↑ King, R. M., and H. Robinson, 1970b. "Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXV. A new genus which they coined Eupatoriadelphus." Phytologia 19: 431–432.
  2. ↑ Eric E. Lamont (2004) "New combinations in Eutrochium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), an earlier name than Eupatoriadelphus." SIDA, contributions to botany. 21: 901-902.

Eupatorium

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Eupatorium perfoliatum
common boneset
Eupatorium (thoroughwort or boneset) contains the white-flowering plants of the Eupatoriinae, native to the northern hemisphere. Most Eupatorium species found in New York are native to the state, and many are listed a protected species.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eupatorium
Genus Eupatorium Thoroughwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Eupatorium perfoliatum L.
1903. Eupatorium chapmanii Small
 Common boneset,
Thoroughwort,
Boneset thoroughwort,
Thoroughwax
Eupatoire perfoliée 		Native, CoC: 3,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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Hyssop-leaved
thoroughwort
Hyssopleaf
thoroughwort
 Native, CoC: 3,
Vulnerable 		 
NYFA: 3-4
USDA-N0
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    Eupatorium rotundifolium
var. saundersii
 Vervain thoroughwort,
Rough boneset 		Native,
Vulnerable
NYFA: 3-4
USDA-N0
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Torrey’s thoroughwort Native,
Threatened
NYFA: 2
USDA-N0
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White thoroughwort Native,
Threatened
NYFA: 2-3
USDA-N
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White-bracted
  thoroughwort,
Justiceweed 		Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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var. rotundifolium
    Eupatorium verbenifolium
 Round-leaved boneset,
Roundleaf thoroughwort 		Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: Z
USDA-N0
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Muhl. ex Willd.
    Eupatorium pubescens[1]
    E. rotundifoliumssp. ovatum
    E. rotundifoliumvar. ovatum
 Hairy boneset,
Hairy thoroughwort,
Roundleaf thoroughwort 		Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-
FNA
Images
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Late-flowering
  thorough-wort,
Late boneset 		N. America native,
Unknown NY nativity,
SNR, G5
FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: 2
USDA-NX
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Pine barren boneset Native,
Extirpated 		 
NYFA: Z
Images
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 L.
 Upland boneset,
Sessile-leaved boneset 		Native, CoC: 7,
Unranked 		 
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
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Tall boneset,
Tall thoroughwort 		N. America native,
Unknown NY nativity 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-NN
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(Lam.) Small ex Porter & Britton
    Eupatorium capillifolium in…
Dog fennel ⓘ
Dogfennel ⓘ
N. America native,
Unk. NY nativity 		 
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
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1753. Eupatorium cannabinum L.
 Hemp-agrimony
Eupatoire chanvrine,
Eupatoire à
  feuilles de chanvre 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 L.
    Eupatorium album L.
    Eupatorium glandulosum Michx.
    Eupatorium fernaldii Godfrey
    Eupatorium petaloideum
 White thoroughwort Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-N
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Note: CA
  1. ↑ The New York Flora Atlas lists E. rotundifolium var. ovatum as E. pubescens. The Flora of North America says "Variety ovatum is an apomictic polyploid that may be a derivative of Eupatorium rotundifolium and E. sessilifolium. Morphologically, it is closer to E. rotundifolium than to E. sessilifolium; the name E. pubescens has priority at species rank."

Eutrochium

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Eutrochium maculatum
spotted Joe-Pye weed
Eutrochium (commonly called Joe Pye weed) contains the purple-flowered North American species of the Eupatoriinae. Until 2004, these species were included in the genus Eupatorium and later Eupatoriadelphus.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eutrochium
Genus Eutrochium Joe-Pye weed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. maculatum
1755. Eupatorium maculatum L.
1970. Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont
Spotted Joe Pye weed ⓘ
Spotted joe pye weed ⓘ
Spotted Joe-Pye weed ⓘ
Eupatoire maculée ⓘ
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Part shade 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-N
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 (L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. foliosum
1908. Eupatorium purpureum  var. foliosum  Fernald
1920. Eupatorium maculatum  var. foliosum  (Fernald) Wiegand
2004. Eutrochium maculatum  var. foliosum  (Fernald) E.E. Lamont
Leafy Joe Pye weed ⓘ
Spotted joe pye weed ⓘ
Eupatoire feuillue ⓘ
Native, CoC: 4,
Unranked
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: Nu
USDA-NN
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 (L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. purpureum
1753. Eupatorium purpureum L.
1917. Cunigunda purpurea (L.) Lunell
1970. Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont
 Purple Joe-Pye weed,
Sweet-scented Joe-Pye weed,
Sweetscented joe pye weed,
Green-stem joe-pyeweed 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 (Barratt) E.E.Lamont
1841. Eupatorium purpureum  var. angustifolium  Torr. & A.Gray
1849. Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt
1970. Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Barratt) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.Lamont
 Hollow Joe-Pye weed,
Trumpetweed 		Native, CoC: 1,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont
1812. Eupatorium dubium Willd. ex Poir.
1970. Eupatoriadelphus dubius (Willd. ex Poir.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont
 Coastal plain Joe-Pye weed,
Joe-Pye thoroughwort 		Native, CoC: 10,
Vulnerable
FACW
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		 
NYFA: 3
USDA-N
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Genus Eutrochium (excluded taxa) Joe-Pye weed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. bruneri
    Eupatoriadelphus maculatusvar. bruneri
    Eupatorium bruneri A.Gray
 Spotted Joe-Pye weed N. America native,
N.Y. excluded 		 
USDA-NN
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Eutrochium identification
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Eutrochium Joe-Pye Weed Floret color Florets per head Capitulescence
shape 		Stem color
(besides green) 		Stem glaucousness
(white bloom) 		Central
stem cavity
(hollow/solid) 		Leaf taper
to petiole 		Whorled Leaves
per Node 		Leaf
main
veins 		Max
stem
height
E. purpureum Purple or Sweet pale pink, purplish (4-)5 - 8(-10) round, domed dark purple at nodes not/scarcely glaucous solid or thin
cavity at base 		gradual taper 3 - 4 1 2 m
E. fistulosum Hollow or Trumpetweed pink-purple (4-)5 - 8(-10) round, domed purple throughout prominently glaucous large cavity
(hollow) 		gradual taper (3)4 - 7(8) 1 3 m
E. maculatum Spotted purplish (8-)9 - 20(-22) flatish top purple spots or all purple rarely glaucous solid or
thin cavity at base 		gradual taper 4 - 5(>5) 1 2 m
E. dubium Coastal-plain purple (4-)5 - >8(-10) round, domed fine purple spots/streaks abruptly narrowed 3 1 m
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