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Flora of New York/Salicaceae

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contents 		Genus
index 		Protected species index Invasive species index


Clade Clade Order Family Subfamily Tribe Genus Common names #
rosids basal
rosids 		Vitales Vitaceae Vitoideae Parthenocisseae Parthenocissus creeper, woodbine, ivy 3
Viteae Vitis grape 8
Ampelopsideae Ampelopsis peppervine 3
basal
fabids 		Zygophyllales Zygophyllaceae Tribuloideae — Tribulus puncturevine 1
Zygophylloideae — Zygophyllum beancaper 1
fabids
COM
clade 		Celastrales Parnassiaceae Parnassioideae — Parnassia grass of parnassus 1
Celastraceae Celastroideae — Celastrus bittersweet, staff vine 2
Euonymus burning bush, spindletree, wahoo 6
Oxalidales Oxalidaceae — — Oxalis woodsorrel 6
Malpighiales Hypericaceae — Hypericeae Triadenum marsh St. John's wort 2
Hypericum St. John's wort 18
Podostemaceae Podostemoideae — Podostemum river weed 1
Elatinaceae — — Elatine water wort 3
Violaceae Violoideae Violeae Hybanthus greenviolet 1
Viola violet 57
Salicaceae Salicoideae — Populus cottonwood, aspen, poplar 11
Salix willow 36
Euphorbiaceae Acalyphoideae Acalypheae Acalypha copperleaf, three-seed mercury 4
Mercurialis herb mercury 1
Ricinus castor bean 1
Crotonoideae Crotoneae Croton rushfoil, hogwort 1
Euphorbioideae Euphorbieae Euphorbia spurge, sandmat 21
Linaceae Linoideae Lineae Linum flax 9

Family Salicaceae

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The Salicaceae (willow family) in New York contains the two tree genera Populus (aspens, cottonwoods, and poplars) and Salix (willows).

Subfamily Salicoideae

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Populus

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Populus sect. Populus
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Populus tremuloides & grandidentata
Section Populus contains the two North American trees quaking aspen (P. tremuloides) and bigtooth aspen (P. grandidentata). The section also contains several Eurasian species, including P. tremula and P. alba. All of these species are known to hybridize with one another.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Populus
Genus Populus sect. Populus Aspen, poplar N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx.
1803. Populus tremuloides Michx.
1911. Populus aurea Tidestr.
1911. Populus tremuloides  var. aurea  (Tidestr.) Daniels
1930. Populus tremuloides  var. magnifica  Vict.
1975. Populus tremula  ssp. tremuloides  (Michx.) A. & D. Löve
Quaking aspen
Quaking poplar
Trembling aspen
American aspen
Aspen poplar
Tremble
Peuplier faux-tremble
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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    Populus grandidentata
Big-toothed aspen
Bigtooth aspen
Grand tremble
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
FACU 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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FNA
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 B.Boivin
  Populus grandidentata ×
  Populus tremuloides
1966. Populus × smithii B.Boivin
1970. Populus × barnesii W.H.Wagner
 Smith's aspen,
Smith's poplar,
Barnes' Aspen 		Native, CoC: ?,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
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FNA
Tropicos
Images
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 L.
 White poplar Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Moderately invasive,
CP-5[1] 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
  Populus alba ×
  Populus tremula
 Gray poplar Introduced,
Unk. naturalization 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 B. Boivin
  Populus alba ×
  Populus grandidentata
 Rouleau’s aspen Introduced,
Naturalized
NYFA: X
USDA-NN??
Images
Wikispecies
 B.Boivin
  Populus alba ×
  Populus tremuloides
1966. Populus × heimburgeri B.Boivin
    
    
    
 Heimburger's poplar Introduced
NYFA: X
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
Populus sect. Aigeiros
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Populus deltoides
Cottonwood trees.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Aigeiros
Genus Populus sect. Aigeiros Cottonwood, poplar N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 W.Bartram ex Marshall
ssp. deltoides
    Populus deltoides
    P. deltoides
 Eastern cottonwwood,
Necklace poplar 		Native, CoC: 2,
Secure
FAC
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN [1]
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 W.Bartram ex Marshall
ssp. monilifera (Aiton) Eckenwalder
    P. deltoidesssp. monilifera
    P. deltoidesvar. occidentalis
    P. sargentii Dode
 Plains cottonwwood Native, CoC: 2,
Unranked
FAC
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA:
USDA-NN
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Black cottonwood,
Black poplar,
Lombardy poplar 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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  Populus deltoides ×
  Populus nigra
 Carolina poplar,
Canadian poplar 		Introduced,
N. America native 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
Populus sect. Tacamahaca
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Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Tacamahaca
Genus Populus sect. Tacamahaca Poplar, Cottonwood N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Populus balsamifera L.
1768. Populus tacamahacca Mill.
1789. Populus candicans Aiton
1905. Populus michauxii Dode
 Balsam poplar Native,
Likely secure 		 
NYFA: 4-5
USDA-NN
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VASCAN
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 Sarg.
  Populus balsamifera ×
  Populus deltoides
 Balm-of-Gilead,
Jack's popular 		Native,
Unranked 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-NX
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Populus sect. Leucoides
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Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Populus sect. Leucoides
Genus Populus sect. Leucoides Poplar, Cottonwood N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Swamp cottonwood Native,
Threatened 		 
NYFA: 2
Images
Wikispecies

Salix

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The genus Salix contains the trees and shrubs known as willows, of which about 36 native or naturalized taxa have been discovered in New York. The organization used here is based in part on Argus (1999)[1] and Flora of North America,[2] and Lauron-Moreau et al. (2015).[3]

Morphological relationships between the North American Salix subgenera (Argus, 1997), shown here with sections represented in New York State:

Genus Salix




subg. Protitea (NY sect. Humboldtianae)



subg. Salix (NY sects. Salicaster, Salix, Subalbae)




subg. Chosenia (no NY species)




subg. Longifoliae (Single NY species Salix interior)





subg. Chamaetia (NY sects. Herbella, Myrtilloides, Myrtosalix)



subg. Vetrix (NY sects. Candidae, Cordatae, Geyerianae, Griseae, Fulvae, Hastatae, Helix)




  1. ↑ George W. Argus (1999) "Classification of Salix in the New World"
  2. ↑ Flora of North America, Vol. 7, Salicaceae.
  3. ↑ Aurélien Lauron-Moreau, Frédéric E. Pitre, George W. Argus, Michel Labrecque, Luc Brouillet (2015). "Phylogenetic Relationships of American Willows (Salix L., Salicaceae)." PLOS ONE 10(9): e0138963. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138963
Salix subg. Protitea
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Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae
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Salix nigra
black willow catkins
Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae includes the six North American willow species: S. amigdaloides, S. bonplandiana, S. caroliniana, S. gooddingii, S. laevigata, and S. nigra.[1] Of these, S. nigra (black willow) and S. amygdaloides (peach-leaved willow) grow in New York.
  1. ↑ Salix (subg. Protitea) sect. Humboldtianae Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae
Genus Salix subg. Protitea sect. Humboldtianae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Marshall
1785. S. nigra Marshall
1847. S. nigra  var. falcata  (Pursh) Torr.
1918. S. nigra  var. lindheimeri  C.K.Schneid.
 Black willow Native, CoC: 5,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 Andersson
1838. Amerina missurica Raf.
1858. S. amygdaloides Andersson
1868. S. nigra  var. amygdaloides  (Andersson) Andersson
1996. Pleiarina amygdaloides (Andersson) N.Chao & G.T.Gong
 Peach-leaved willow Native, CoC: 3,
Likely secure,
S4
FACW 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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Salix subg. Salix
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Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster
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Salix serissima
Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster contains about nine species worldwide with four of those (S. lasiandra, S. lucida, S. pentandra, and S. serissima) found in North America.[1] Of those, S. lucida (shining willow) and S. serissima (Autumn willow) are native to New York. Reports of the Eurasian S. pentandra (laurel willow) in New York are now considered to be S.×meyeriana (S. euxina × S. pentandra), Meyer's willow.[2]
  1. ↑ Salix (subg. Salix) sect. Salicaster. Flora of North America Volume 7, 14-Mar-2010.
  2. ↑ Troy Weldy, David Werier, & Andrew Nelson (2016) Salix euxina × S. pentandra = S. ×meyeriana. New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster
Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Muhl.
 ssp. lucida
1803. Salix lucida Muhl.
1803. Salix lucida  ssp. lucida  {{{5}}}
1803. Salix lucida  var. lucida  {{{5}}}
1996. Pleiarina lucida (Muhl.) N.Chao & G.T.Gong
 Shining willow,
Glossy willow 		Native, CoC: 5,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA: 5
GBIF
USDA-NN
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 (L.H.Bailey ex Arthur) Fernald
1887. Salix lucida  var. serissima  L.H.Bailey ex Arthur
1903. Salix serissima (L.H.Bailey ex Arthur) Fernald
    Salix arguta  var. alpigena  
    Salix arguta  var. pallescens  
 Autumn willow Native, CoC: 9,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 L.
1753. S. pentandra L.
1996. Pleiarina pentandra (L.) N.Chao & G.T.Gong
 Laurel willow,
Laurel-leaved willow,
Bay-leaf willow,
Bay willow
Saule laurier,
Saule à cinq étamines 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
N.Y. excluded,
Missapplied to
 S.×meyeriana 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-XX
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VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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FNA
Tropicos
BBG Images
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Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix
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Salix × fragilis
Of the approximately eight species of the Eurasian sect. Salix, only S. alba (white willow) and S. exina (crack willow), along with their hybrid (S. × fragilis) are known to naturalize in North America. Of these, only S. alba and S. × fragilis are known to naturalize in New York.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix
Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
    Salix alba L.
 White willow Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [2],
Naturalized,
SNA
FACW
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA: X
Go Botany
BONAP
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 L.
  Salix alba ×
  Salix euxina
1753. Salix fragilis L.
1789. Salix × rubens Schrank
1791. Salix decipiens Hoffm.
1828. Salix excelsior Host
1837. Salix fragilis  var. decipiens  W.D.J.Koch
 Hybrid crack willow,
Brittle willow,
Saule cassant 		Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 I.V.Belyaeva
    
 Crack willow,
Brittle willow 		Introduced,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
iNat
USDA-0X
Images
Wikispecies
Salix subg. Salix sect. Subalbae
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Salix babylonica
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix sect. Subalbae
Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Subalbae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Koidz.
1915. Salix matsudana Koidz.
1925. Salix matsudana  f. tortuosa  Rehder
1925. Salix matsudana  f. umbraculifera  Rehder
1981. Salix babylonica  f. tortuosa  Y.L.Chou
1981. Salix babylonica  f. tortuosa  (A. Vilm.) Geerinck (nom. illeg.)
2002. Salix babylonica  f. pekinensis  (A. Henry) Geerinck
2015. Salix babylonica  var. matsudana  (Koidz.) H. Ohashi & Yonek.
 Corkscrew willow,
Peking willow,
Tortured willow 		Introduced,
Impersistent,
Asia native[1] 		 
NYFA: Xm
GBIF
USDA-X
COL
POWO
ARS-GRIN
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Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Salix babylonica L.
 Weeping willow,
Babylon weeping willow 		Introduced,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
Go Botany-0
ARS-GRIN
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  1. ↑ Salix matsudana is used for ornament and restoration. Naturalizing status in New York is questionable.
Salix subg. Salix inter-sectional hybrids
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Salix × sepulcralis
Hybrids of Salix subgenus Salix species across the three sections Salix, Subalbae, and Salicaster.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Salix
Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salix × Subalbae Hybrid weeping willows N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Wender.
  Salix babylonica ×
  Salix euxina
 auct. Salix babylonica non L.
1831. Salix × pendulina Wender.
1867. Salix × blanda Andersson (pro sp.)
1871. Salix elegantissima K.Koch
 Wisconsin weeping willow,
Weeping crack willow 		Introduced,
Potentially invasive 		 
NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 Simonkai
  Salix alba ×
  Salix babylonica
    
    
    
 Weeping willow Introduced  
NYFA: Xn
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Salix subg. Salix sect. Salicaster × Salix Hybrid willows N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Fernald
  Salix alba ×
  Salix lucida
 auct. Salix × ehrhartiana
 Hybrid of
 white willow &
 shining willow 		Introduced  
NYFA: X
ITIS
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 Rostk. ex Willd.
  Salix euxina ×
  Salix pentandra
    
 Meyer's willow,
Shiny-leaf willow 		Introduced from
 Europe 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Salix inter-subg. hybrids
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Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix
Genus Salix inter-subg. hybrids (excluded taxa) Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Salix nigra × petiolaris
    
    
    
 N. America native,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
Images
Wikispecies
Salix eriocephala × nigra
    
    
    
 N. America native,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
Images
Wikispecies
Salix subg. Longifoliae
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Salix interior
The North American willows in Salix subg. Longifoliae are S. columbiana, S. exigua, S. interior, S. melanopsis, S. sessilifolia, S. taxifolia, and S. thurberi. Only S. interior is currently listed as being part of the New York flora.

The New York Flora Atlas follows Flora of North America in treating the native sandbar willow, S. interior as a separate species from S. exigua, and not just a subspecies.

Willows of subgenus Longifoliae are generally clonal by root suckers with multiple upright stems.

Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Longifoliae
Genus Salix subg. Longifoliae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Rowlee
1803. S. longifolia Muhl. (i)
1823. S. rubra Richardson (i)
1900. S. interior Rowlee
1901. S. linearifolia Rydb.
1964. S. exigua  ssp. interior  (Rowlee) Cronquist
Sandbar willow
Interior sandbar willow ⓘ
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5
FACW
Perennial,
Tree 		 
NYFA: 5
iNat
USDA-NN
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 Nutt.
1842. S. exigua Nutt.
1858. S. longifolia  var. angustissima  Andersson
1879. S. longifolia  var. exigua  (Nutt.) Bebb
1896. S. fluviatilis  var. exigua  (Nutt.) Sarg.
1934. S. interior  var. angustissima  (Andersson) Dayton
 Narrowleaf willow,
Coyote willow,
Sandbar willow 		N. America native
 western N. America,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 Rowlee
1900. Salix thurberi Rowlee
    
    
 Thurber’s willow N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
Salix subg. Chamaetia
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Salix subgenus Chamaetia contains about 27 species found in North America, with about 3 of those found in New York. These are shrubs that grow up to 6 meters high.
Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides
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Salix pedicellaris
Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides includes the North American willows: S. athabascensis, S. chlorolepis, S. pedicellaris, and S. raupii.[1] Of these, only S. pedicellaris (bog willow) grows outside of cultivation in New York State.
  1. ↑ Salix (subg. Chamaetia) sect. Myrtilloides Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides
Genus Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtilloides Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh
1814. S. pedicellaris Pursh
1838. Usionis pedicillaris ( Pursh ) Raf.
1868. S. myrtilloides  var. pedicellaris  (Pursh) Andersson
1907. S. fuscescens  var. hebecarpa  Fernald
1909. S. pedicellaris  var. hypoglauca  Fernald
1909. S. pedicellaris  var. tenuescens  Fernald
1913. S. myrtilloides  var. hypoglauca  (Fernald) C.R.Ball
1923. S. dieckiana Suksd.
1924. S. hebecarpa (Fernald) Fernald
 Bog willow Native, CoC: 10,
Secure,
S5, G5
OBL
Perennial,
Shrub,
Sun 		 
NYFA: 5
iNat
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
IPN
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix
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Salix uva-ursi
Five species from Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix occur in the North American flora, including: S. arctophila, S. chamissonis, S. fuscescens, S. phlebophylla, and S. uva-ursi.[1] Of these, only S. uva-ursi (bearberry willow) is known to grow outside of cultivation in New York. It is found in alpine meadows on the high peaks of the Adirondacks in Essex County, and it is considered to be threatened.
  1. ↑ Salix (subg. Chamaetia ) sect. Myrtosalix Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix
Genus Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Myrtosalix Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh
1813. Salix uva-ursi Pursh
1843. Salix cutleri Tuck.
1858. S. arbuscula  var. labradorica  (Andersson) Andersson
1868. S. cutleri  var. labradorica  (Andersson) Andersson
1884. S. ivigtutiana Lundstr. ex Berl.
    S. myrsinites  var. parvifolia  Lange
 Bearberry willow
Saule raisin-d'ours 		Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
S2, G5,
NYNHP: 2[1]
Perennial,
Shrub 		  Essex (1851-1977)
NYFA: 2
iNat
USDA-NN
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  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program (2021). Online Conservation Guide for Salix uva-ursi.
Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella
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Salix herbacea
The four North American willow species in Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella are: S. herbacea, S. nummularia, S. polaris, and S. rotundifolia.[1] Of these, only S. herbacea (snow-bed willow is found in New York. However, it is restricted to the high peaks of the Adirondacks in Essex County, and is considered endangered.
  1. ↑ Salix (subg. Chamaetia ) sect. Herbella Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella
Genus Salix subg. Chamaetia sect. Herbella Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Salix herbacea L.
Snowbed willow ⓘ
Snow-bed willow ⓘ
Dwarf willow ⓘ
New England dwarf willow
Least willow ⓘ
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
S1, G5,
NYNHP: 1[1]
Perennial,
Shrub 		  Essex (1923-1980)
NYFA: 1
iNat
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
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  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program (2021). Online Conservation Guide for Salix herbacea.
Salix subg. Vetrix
edit
Salix subgenus Vetrix contains trees and shrubs that are mainly non-clonal but are sometimes colonal by layering or stem fragmentation.[1]
  1. ↑ George W. Argus (2010). Salix subg. Vetrix. Flora of North America, Vol. 7.
Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Fulvae
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Salix bebbiana
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Fulvae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Fulvae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg.
1823. Salix rostrata Richardson illeg.
1895. Salix bebbiana Sarg.
1901. Salix perrostrata Rydb.
 Bebb willow,
Bebb's willow,
Beak willow,
Long beak willow,
Gray willow 		Native, CoC: 3,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Tree-shrub 		 
NYFA: 5
NYFA: 56 counties
iNat
8 counties
USDA-NN
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ARS-GRIN
FNA
BONAP
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Candidae
edit
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Candidae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Candidae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Flüggé ex Willd.
1806. Salix candida Flüggé ex Willd.
1868. Salix candidavar. denudata Andersson
1914. Salix candidula Nieuwl.
 Sage willow,
Sage-leaf willow,
Hoary willow,
Silver willow 		Native, CoC: 10,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Shrub,
Sun - part shade 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
NatureServe
BONAP
IPN
LBJ
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cordatae
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Salix eriocephala Michx.
Salix sect. Cordatae [1] contains about 7 North American species,[2] one of which (Salix eriocephala Michx.) is known to be native to New York.

It should be noted that although Salix cordata Muhl. is now considered to be an illegitimate synonym of S. eriocephala, Salix cordata Michx. is the accepted name for "sand dune willow" in Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae, which is also native to New York. Both of these species have understandably been referred to by the common name "heart-leaved willow," but Leonora Goodrich, describing S. cordata Muhl. (non Michx.) in her 1912 Flora of Onondaga County, notes: "Base of leaves so slightly cordate it hardly warrants the name."[3]

  1. ↑ Barratt ex Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 149. 1838.
  2. ↑ George W. Argus, James E. Eckenwalder, Robert W. Kiger (2010) Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 7. "Salicaceae." New York and Oxford.
  3. ↑ L. Leonora Hutchinson Goodrich (1912). Flora of Onondaga County as Collected by the Members of the Syracuse Botanical Club. Page 78. The McDonnell Co., Syracuse, N.Y.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cordatae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cordatae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx.
1803. Salix eriocephala Michx.
1803. Salix cordata Muhl. non Michx.
1803. Salix rigida Muhl.
1814. Salix angustata Pursh
1895. Salix missouriensis Bebb
Heart-leaved willow
Missouri willow
Missouri river willow
Diamond willow
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure 		 
NYFA: 5
iNat
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Geyerianae
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Salix petiolaris
The three North America willows in sect. Geyerianae are S. geyeriana, S. lemmonii, and S. petiolaris. Of these, only S. petiolaris, the meadow willow or slender willow, is found in New York.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Geyerianae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Geyerianae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sm.
1802. S. petiolaris Sm.
    S. gracilis
    S. subsericea
 Meadow willow,
Slender willow 		Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5
FACW
Perennial,
Tree, Shrub 		 
NYFA: 5
iNat
USDA-NN
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Griseae
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Silky willow (Salix sericea) is the sole member of sect. Griseae.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Griseae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Griseae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Marshall
1785. Salix sericea Marshall
    Salix coactilis Fernald
    Salix petiolaris  var. sericea  
 Silky willow Native, CoC: 5,
Secure 		 
NYFA: 5
iNat
USDA-NN
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae
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Salix Cordata
The North American members of Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae include the 17 species: Salix arizonica, S. ballii, S. barclayi, S. boothii, S. commutata, S. cordata, S. eastwoodiae, S. farriae, S. hastata, S. monticola, S. myricoides, S. myrtillifolia, S. orestera, S. pseudomonticola, S. pseudomyrsinites, S. pyrifolia, and S. wolfii.[1] Of these, only the two rare species S. pyrifolia (balsam willow) and S. cordata (sand dune willow) occur outside of cultivation in New York State.
  1. ↑ Salix (subg. Vetrix) sect. Hastatae Flora of North America Vol 7. 14-Mar-2010
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Andersson
1838. Salix cordata  var. balsamifera  Hook.
1858. Salix balsamifera (Hook.) Barratt ex Andersson
1867. Salix pyrifolia Andersson
1914. Salix pyrifolia  var. lanceolata  (Bebb) Fernald
 Balsam willow,
Pear-leaved willow
Saule baumier,
Saule à feuilles de poirier 		Native, CoC: 7,
Rare 		  Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Hamilton, Lewis, St.Lawrence
NYFA: 3
USDA-NN
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 Michx.
1803. Salix cordata Michx.
1838. Salix adenophylla Hook.
1907. Salix syrticola Fernald
 Sand dune willow,
Heartleaf willow,
Furry willow 		Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened 		  Chemung, Jefferson, Oswego
NYFA: 2
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
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Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Hastatae (excluded taxa) Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Muhl.
1803. Salix myricoides Muhl.
1914. Salix glaucophylloides Fernald
1920. Salix glaucophylloides  var. glaucophylla  (Bebb) C.K.Schneid.
 Bayberry willow,
Blue-leaf willow,
Broadleaf willow 		N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
FACW
Perennial,
Shrub, tree 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cinerella
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Salix discolor
Section Cinerella contains Salix atrocinerea, S. aurita, S. caprea, S. cinerea, S. discolor, S. hookeriana, S. humilis, S. scouleriana, and S. × smithiana
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cinerella
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Cinerella Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Muhl. (1803)
1803. Salix discolor Muhl.
1813. Salix fuscata Pursh
1813. Salix prinoides Pursh
1840. Salix crassa Barratt
1840. Salix sensitiva Barratt
1867. Salix discolor  var. rigidior  (Andersson) C.K.Schneid.
1868. Salix discolor  var. prinoides  (Pursh) Andersson
1901. Salix squamata Rydb.
1924. Salix discolor  var. overi  C.R.Ball
1829. Salix conformis J.Forbes
1933. Salix ancorifera Fernald
Pussy willow ⓘ
Large pussy willow
American willow
American pussy willow
Glaucous willow
Native,
Secure
FACW 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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FNAFNA
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 Marshall
 var. humilis
1785. Salix humilis Marshall
 Prairie willow,
Tall prairie willow,
Upland willow 		Native,
Secure 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
FNAFNA
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 Marshall
 var. tristis (Aiton) Griggs
1788. Salix occidentalis Walter
1789. Salix tristis Aiton
1905. Salix humilis  var. tristis  (Aiton) Griggs
1946. Salix humilis  var. microphylla  (Andersson) Fernald
 Dwarf prairie willow Native, CoC: 8,
Vulnerable
FACU
Perennial,
Shrub 		  Albany, Cattaraugus, Kings, Nassau, Oneida, Queens, Richmond, Schenectady, St.Lawrence, Suffolk, Tioga, Westchester
NYFA: 3-4
USDA-N0
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Tropicos
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 L. (1753)
 Goat willow,
Pussy willow,
Hoary willow,
Great sallow 		Introduced from
 Eurasia 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 L. (1753)
 European gray willow,
Large gray willow,
Pussy willow,
Common sallow,
Saule cendré 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Invasive,
 NYIS: 84%,
 NYIS Tier: Untiered,
Naturalized,
SNA, G5
FACW
Perennial,
Tree-shrub 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
FNA
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 Brot.
1804. Salix atrocinerea Brotero
1830. Salix cinerea  var. oleifolia  Gaudin
1837. Salix cinerea  ssp. oleifolia  Macreight
1990. Salix cinerea  var. atrocinerea  (Brot.) O. Bolòs & Vigo
1998. Salix atrocinerea  ssp. jahandiezii  (Chass.) M.Ibn Tattou
Rusty willow ⓘ
Rusty sallow
Large gray willow
Grey willow ⓘ
Introduced from
 Europe, Africa,
Very highly invasive,
 NYIS: 84%,
 NYIS Tier: 3,
Naturalized,
SNA, G5
FACW
Perennial,
Tree-shrub 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
COL
POWO
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Helix
edit
 
Salix purpurea
The Salix purpurea cultivar 'Streamco' was released in 1976, in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. It was selected because of its resilience and superior performance in streambank stabilization practices.[1] This species is also being tracked for its potentially invasive tendencies.
  1. ↑ Release Brochure for ‘Streamco’ (Salix purpurea L.). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Big Flats Plant Materials Center. Corning, New York 14830. January 2014
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Helix
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Helix Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Salix purpurea L.
1893. Salix purpurea  var. scharfenbergensis  Bolle
1899. Salix purpurea  var. nana  Dieck
1941. Salix caesifolia Drobow
Basket willow ⓘ
Purple willow ⓘ
Purple osier ⓘ
Purpleosier willow ⓘ
Streamco Willow ⓘ
Osier rouge
Saule pourpre
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [3],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized,
CP-5[1]
FACW
Perennial,
Shrub, tree 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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  1. ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae contains about eleven species globally and the following five willows in North America: S. drummondiana, S. pellita, S. planifolia, S. pulchra, and S. tyrrellii. None of these are known to be found in the wild in New York, although S. pellita has in the past been listed as part of the New York flora.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Phylicifoliae Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Andersson) Bebb
1867. Salix chlorophylla pellita Andersson (i)
1891. Salix pellita (Andersson) Bebb
 Satiny willow,
Silky willow,
Thick-leaved willow
Saule satiné 		N. America native
 northeast N. America,
N.Y. excluded
FACW
Perennial,
Shrub, tree 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
IPN
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Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella
edit
 
Salix viminalis
With about 10 species worldwide, only one species of Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella has been found to have natualized in North America, but that species, S. viminalis, is no longer considered to be part of the New York State flora.
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix sect. Viminella (excluded taxa) Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. S. viminalis L.
    
    
 Silky osier,
Osier,
Basket willow 		Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
NYMF[1] 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-XX
FNA
BBG Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York Metropolitan Flora Project (16-Feb-2012): Salix viminalis, Silky Osier - "This European species has been reported from a handful of sites throughout our flora range, but no definitive specimens have yet been seen."
Salix subg. Vetrix intersectional hybrids
edit
Malpighiales — Salicaceae — Salicoideae — Salix subg. Vetrix
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix intersectional hybrids Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Salix eriocephala × sericea
    Salix cordata × sericea
    Salix rigida × sericea
    Salix × bebbii nom. inval.
 Hybrid of
 Missouri willow &
 silky willow 		Native,
Secure 		 
NYFA: 5
Images
Wikispecies
Salix petiolaris × sericea
 Hybrid of
 meadow willow &
 silky willow 		Native,
Unranked 		 
NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
Salix candida × petiolaris
 Hybrid of
 sage willow &
 meadow willow 		Native,
Unranked 		 
NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
Salix eriocephala × petiolaris
Salix petiolaris × rigida
 Hybrid of
 Missouri willow &
 meadow willow 		Native,
Unranked 		 
NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Salix subg. Vetrix intersectional hybrids
(excluded taxa) 		Willow N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Salix discolor × eriocephala
  Salix discolor ×
  Salix eriocephala
    
 Hybrid of
 pussy willow &
 Missouri willow 		N. America native,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
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Wikispecies
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