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Flora of New York/Lamiales 1

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The Lamiales [1]
  1. ↑ P. F. Stevens, (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 13, September 2013. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/

Family OleaceaeEdit

The Oleaceae (olive family) in New York consists of a handful of native and introduced ash trees, along with a number of non-native shrubs, some of which, primarily the privets, are extremely invasive and create dense thickets. Interestingly, the olive family does not include Elaeagnus species (Russian olive and autumn olive), which are also common alien invasives but are categorized in the Elaeagnaceae (oleaster family) in the Rhamnales.[1][2]
  1. ↑ Oleaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
  2. ↑ Oleaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

Tribe ForsythieaeEdit

ForsythiaEdit

 
Forsythia suspensa
Forsythia is a popular non-native ornamental shrub, planted at least in part for its bright yellow early spring flowers. In New York, the degree of this popularity is tempered in much of the state where local weather doesn't consistently allow much flowering. The two species listed as having to some extent naturalized in New York are F. viridissima (greenstem forsythia) and F. suspensa (weeping forsythia). It's likely that in recent times the hybrid of the two, Forsythia × intermedia, has been planted at least as much as either of its parents, but it is sterile and also may not reproduce vegetatively as well as F. suspensa, whose arching branches root where they touch the ground, allowing it to do a slow walk into adjacent natural areas.[1]
  1. ↑ Paul M. Catling (2007) "Weeping forsythia, another shrub naturalized in Canada." Botanical Electronic News No. 378 April 25, 2007. Victoria, B.C.
Forsythia species Common name Stem Center Stem Habit Leaf type
Forsythia suspensa weeping forsythia Hollow except at nodes Arching
Forsythia viridissima greenstem forsythia Pith except at nodes Upright Simple
Forsythia × intermedia hybrid forsythia Upright or arching Simple or 3-lobed
Lamiales — Oleaceae — Forsythieae — Forsythia
Forsythia Forsythia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Lindl.
1846. Forsythia viridissima Lindl.
1932. Rangium viridissimum Ohwi
 Greenstem forsythia,
Green-stemmed forsythia,
Golden-bells
Forsythia vert 		Introduced from
 China & Korea,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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 (Thunb.) Vahl
1780. Ligustrum suspensum Thunb.
1784. Syringa suspensa Thunb. ex Murray
1804. Forsythia suspensa Vahl
1932. Rangium suspensum Ohwi
 Forsythia,
Weeping forsythia,
Golden-bells 		Introduced from
 China,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-X0
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 Zabel
  Forsythia suspensa var. fortunei ×
  Forsythia viridissima
1885. Forsythia × intermedia Zabel
1900. F. × intermedia var. densiflora Koehne
 Border forsythia,
Showy forsythia,
Hybrid forsythia 		Introduced,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: Suffolk (2008)
iNat: ? counties 		NYFA-Xm
USDA-X0
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Tribe OleeaeEdit

Subtribe FraxininaeEdit

FraxinusEdit
 
Fraxinus americana
The genus Fraxinus is represented in New York primarily by the three native and economically important ash trees: white ash, black ash, and green ash. All are susceptible to infestation by the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) which has already infested a number of areas in the state and is expected to decimate ash tree populations in the near future.
Lamiales — Oleaceae — Oleeae — Fraxininae — Fraxinus
Fraxinus sect. Melioides Ash N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Fraxinus americana L.
1878. F. americana var. microcarpa
1898. F. biltmoreana Beadle
1947. F. americana var. biltmoreana
1983. F. americana ssp. biltmoreana
 White ash,
American ash
Frêne blanc,
Franc frêne,
Frêne d'Amérique 		Native, CoC: 3,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Tree 		  NYFA-N
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 Marsh.
1785. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.
1788. F. pubescens Lam.
1800. F. lanceolata Borkh.
1865. F. juglandifolia var. aucubifolia
1894. F. pennsylvanica var. lanceolata
1947. F. pennsylvanica var. subintegerrima
1949. F. pennsylvanica fo. aucubifolia
 Green ash,
Downy ash,
Northern red ash
Frêne de Pennsylvanie,
Frêne rouge 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
FACW-FAC
Perennial,
Tree 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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 (Bush) Bush
1813. Fraxinus tomentosa F.Michx. superfl.
1894. Fraxinus americana var. profunda
1897. Fraxinus profunda (Bush) Bush
1897. Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. profunda
1914. Calycomelia profunda (Bush) Nieuwl.
 Pumpkin ash
Frêne pubescent 		Native, CoC: 8,
Impersistent
OBL
Perennial,
Tree 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NN
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Fraxinus sect. Fraxinus Ash N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Marshall
1785. Fraxinus nigra Marshall
1788. F. sambucifolia Lam.
1790. F. nigra var. sambucifolia
1846. F. americana var. sambucifolia
 Black ash,
Brown ash,
Hoop ash,
Swamp ash,
Water ash
Frêne noir,
Frêne de grève,
Frêne gras 		Native, CoC: 8,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Tree 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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 L.
1753. Fraxinus excelsior L.
    
    
 European ash,
Black ash
Frêne commun,
Frêne d'Europe 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Impersistent
Perennial,
Tree 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Subtribe LigustrinaeEdit

The subtribe Ligustrinae contains the non-native lilacs and privets.

SyringaEdit
 
Syringa vulgaris
The common lilac (Syringa vulgaris) has been grown in the state as an ornamental shrub for centuries and appears to persist only where it has been cultivated, and so it is found to have naturalized mainly around abandoned farmsteads and such. The more recently introduced Japanese tree lilac (Syringa reticulata) however is considered to be potentially invasive, and although it is not yet widespread outside of cultivation in New York, it may be of concern.
Lamiales — Oleaceae — Oleeae — Ligustrinae — Syringa
Syringa L. Lilac N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Syringa vulgaris L.
 Common lilac,
Purple lilac
Lilas commun,
Lilas vulgaire 		Introduced from
 southeastern Europe,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [1],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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 (Blume) H. Hara
 ssp. reticulata
1850. Ligustrum reticulatum Blume
1941. Syringa reticulata H.Hara
1952. Ligustrina reticulata Nakai
 Japanese tree lilac
Lilas japonais 		Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 31%[1],
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [2],
 GRIIS-US: No Evidence 		  NYFA-Xn
USDA-X0
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Note: NYFA blog
Syringa (excluded taxa) Lilac N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Blume) H. Hara
ssp. amurensis (Rupr.) P.S. Greene & M.C. Chang
1856. Syringa amurensis Rupr.
1995. S. reticulata ssp. amurensis (Rupr.) P.S.Green & M.C.Chang
 Amur lilac Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
N.Y. excluded 		  NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
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 Vahl
1804. Syringa villosa Vahl
1895. Syringa bretschneideri Lemoine
 Villous lilac,
Late lilac,
Japanese lilac 		Introduced from
 China,
No NY reports 		  NYFA-0
USDA-X0
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Note: [2]
 J. Jacq. ex Rchb.
1830. Syringa josikaea Rchb.
 Hungarian lilac Introduced from
 southeastern Europe,
No NY reports 		  NYFA-0
USDA-X0
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Note: [3]
  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Syringa reticulata: 31% (Capital/Mohawk).
  2. ↑ USDA-NRCS Plants database showed Syringa villosa in Westchester County, apparently based on Glenn, S.D. (ed.). 2013. New York Metropolitan Flora database. New York Metropolitan Flora Project, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, New York. The New York Metropolitan Flora Project entry for genus Syringa at http://nymf.bbg.org/genus/195, only shows S. reticulata and S. vulgaris present in the New York metro area.
  3. ↑ https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/syringa/josikaea/ shows Syringa josikaea appearing to be naturalized in adjacent Berkshire County, MA.
LigustrumEdit
 
Ligustrum vulgare
European privet
In general, the several privet species, none of which are native to the western hemisphere, have been found to be invasive, and some are quite difficult to control where they have naturalized. The New York Flora Atlas reports that Ligustrum obtusifolium (border privet) is by far the most common and invasive of the naturalized privets, but that Ligustrum vulgare (European privet) can be locally quite aggressive as well.

Although some sources continue to treat Amur privet as a separate subspecies (Ligustrum obtusifolium ssp. suave),[1] others treat it as a synonym of border privet (Ligustrum obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium).[2]

  1. ↑ USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2022. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=403045. Accessed 23 February 2022.
  2. ↑ POWO (2022). "Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ Retrieved 23 February 2022."
Ligustrum sp. young twigs &
stalks of floral panicles 		floral-panicle
length 		corolla lobe to
tube length ratio 		tube length
L. vulgare hairless or minutely pubescent longer than 2" ~1/1 2.5 - 3 mm
L. obtusifolium conspicuously hairy 1" to 2" long 1/3 - 2/3 5 - 8 mm
Lamiales — Oleaceae — Oleeae — Ligustrinae — Ligustrum
Ligustrum Privet N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Ligustrum vulgare L.
1877. L. insulense Decne.
1879. L. insulare Decne.
 European privet,
Common privet,
Wild privet,
Prim
Troène commun,
Troène 		Introduced from
 Europe,
 western Asia,
 northern Africa,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 68%[1]
FACU
Perennial,
Shrub 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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 Siebold & Zucc.
ssp. obtusifolium
1846. Ligustrum obtusifolium Siebold & Zucc.
1846. Ligustrum obtusifolium var. obtusifolium
1846. Ligustrum obtusifolium ssp. obtusifolium
1899. Ligustrum obtusifolium var. regelianum Rehder
1900. Ligustrum ibota var. regelianum Rehder
1904. Ligustrum regelianum Koehne
1926. Ligustrum ibota var. obtusifolium (Siebold & Zucc.) Koidz.
 Border privet Introduced from
 Japan,
 Korea,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 77%[2],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Prohibited[3],
CP-2[4] NE-4[5],
IPA VT
Perennial,
Shrub 		  NYFA-X
USDA-X0
GBIF
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 Siebold & Zucc.
ssp. suave (Kitag.) Kitag.
1861. Ligustrum amurense Carrière
1924. Ligustrum ibota var. amurense (Carrière) Mansf.
1934. Ligustrum ibota var. suave Kitag.
1944. Ligustrum obtusifolium var. suave (Kitag.) H.Hara.
1946. Ligustrum obtusifolium var. amurense (Carrière) Mansf.
1965. Ligustrum obtusifolium ssp. suave (Kitag. )Kitag.
1979. Ligustrum suave (Kitag.) Kitag.
 Amur privet,
Amur river privet[5]		 Introduced from
 China,
Potentially invasive,
 NYIS: NA[6]
Perennial,
Shrub 		  NYFA: Schenectady (1950) NYFA-X
USDA-X0
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 Hassk.
1844. Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk.
1850. L. japonicum var. ovalifolium Blume
1877. L. californicum Decne.
1878. L. medium Franch. & Sav.
 California privet,
Oval-leaf privet,
Garden privet
Troène des haies 		Introduced from
 Japan,
 South Korea,
Invasive,
 NYIS: 45%[7],
CP-3[8],
CT-FL
Perennial,
Shrub 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Ligustrum (excluded taxa) Privet N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Lour.
1790. Ligustrum sinense Lour.
1874. L. villosum May
1931. L. microcarpum Kaneh. & Sasaki
 Chinese privet,
Small-leaf privet 		Introduced from
 China, Taiwan,
 Laos, Vietnam,
Potentially invasive,
 NYIS: NA[9]		   NYFA-U
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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Ligustrum vulgare: Moderate (68).
  2. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Ligustrum obtusifolium: High (77).
  3. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  4. ↑ Appendix 2. Plant species that are considered highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  5. ↑ a b Category 4 Plants - local concern and monitoring - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
  6. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Ligustrum obtusifolium: Not assessed (NA).
  7. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Ligustrum ovalifolium: Moderate (45).
  8. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  9. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Ligustrum sinense: Not assessed (NA).

Subtribe OleinaeEdit

ChionanthusEdit
 
Chionanthus virginicus
White fringetree (Chionanthus virginicus) is a usually-dioecious tree that is native to the southeastern US, possiibly as far north as southern Pennsylvania and New Jersey, but it has been reported to have naturalized in a few New York counties. It is becoming popular as a small ornamental tree in residential landscapes. There is some evidence that white fringetree in an acceptable host for the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis).[1]
  1. ↑ Don Cipollini & Chad M. Rigsby (2015) "Incidence of Infestation and Larval Success of Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) on White Fringetree (Chionanthus virginicus), Chinese Fringetree (Chionanthus retusus), and Devilwood (Osmanthus americanus)" Environ Entomol 44(5):1375-1383, 22 July 2015.
Lamiales — Oleaceae — Oleeae — Oleinae — Chionanthus
Chionanthus Fringetree N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Chionanthus virginica L.
1814. C. virginicus var. maritimus
1830. C. maritimus (Pursh) Sweet
 White fringetree,
White fringe-tree,
White fringe tree,
American fringetree,
Old-man's-beard 		Introduced from
 southeast US,
N. America native,
SNA, G5
FAC
Perennial,
Tree, shrub,
Part shade 		  NYFA: 6 counties NYFA-X
USDA-N0
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 Lindl. & Paxton
1852. Chionanthus retusus Lindl. & Paxton
Tassel Tree
Chinese fringetree
 Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Cultivated[1]		   iNat: 3 counties
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  1. ↑ Edward F. Gilman & Dennis G. Watson (1993). "Chionanthus retusus, Chinese Fringetree, Fact Sheet ST-160, Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida.

Family TetrachondraceaeEdit

The Tetrachondraceae is a very small family containing only two species of the genus Tetrachondra and a single species of the genus Polypremum. Of these three species, only Polypremum procumbens, juniper leaf, has been reported to have been collected in New York, but it has since been excluded from the New York Flora Atlas.[1][2]
  1. ↑ Tetrachondraceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
  2. ↑ Tetrachondraceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

PolypremumEdit

 
Polypremum procumbens
Juniper leaf appears to be native from southern New Jersey to Florida and Texas. It is not known to have naturalized in New York State.
Lamiales — Tetrachondraceae — Polypremum
Polypremum (excluded taxa) Juniper leaf N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Juniper leaf N. America native
 southeastern US,
N.Y. excluded 		  NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
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Family PlantaginaceaeEdit

The Plantaginaceae (plantain family)[1][2]
  1. ↑ Plantaginaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
  2. ↑ Plantaginaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

Tribe GratioleaeEdit

GratiolaEdit

Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Gratioleae — Gratiola
Gratiola Hedge-hyssop N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Torr.
1819. Gratiola neglecta Torr.
    
    
 Northern clammy hedge-hyssop,
Clammy hedge-hyssop,
American hedge-hyssop
Gratiole négligée 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
OBL
Annual,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-5
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 Muhl.
1811. Gratiola lutea Raf.
1813. Gratiola aurea Muhl.
1920. Gratiola aurea var. obtusa
1935. Gratiola lutea var. obtusa
 Golden hedge-hyssop,
Golden hedgehyssop,
Golden pert
Gratiole dorée 		Native, CoC: 9,
Likely secure
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-4
USDA-NN
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 L.
    Gratiola virginiana L.
Virginia hedge hyssop
Roundfruit hedgehyssop
 Native, CoC: ?,
Endangered
OBL
Annual-biennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-1
USDA-N0
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LeucosporaEdit

Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Gratioleae — Leucospora
Leucospora Leucospora N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) Nutt.
1803. Capraria multifida Michx.
1825. Stemodia multifida (Michx.) Spreng.
1834. Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt.
1844. Sutera multifida (Michx.) Walp.
1846. Conobea multifida (Michx.) Benth.
 Narrow-leaved paleseed,
Narrow-leaf paleseed,
Obe-Wan-Conobea,
Cliff conobea 		Introduced from
 southern Midwest,
N. America native,
Naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NN
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Tribe CheloneaeEdit

CheloneEdit

 
Chelone glabra
white turtle-head
Turtleheads are all native to eastern North America, but only the white turtlehead is native to New York State. Although common in New York wetlands and listed as secure, it is also listed as exploitably vulnerable by the state.[1]
  1. ↑ 6 CRR-NY 193.3(d) Exploitably vulnerable native plants.
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Cheloneae — Chelone
Chelone Turtlehead N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Chelone glabra L.
1840. Chlonanthes glabra (L.) Raf.
1929. Chelone chlorantha Pennell & Wherry
 White turtlehead,
White turtle-head,
Snakehead,
Smooth balmony
Galane glabre 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
Vulnerable
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun - shade 		  NYFA-5
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 Pursh
1814. Chelone Lyonii Pursh
 Pink turtlehead Introduced,
US South native,
No NY reports
FACW
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-Excluded
USDA-N0
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 L.
1767. Chelone obliqua L.
1935. Chelone obliqua ssp. typica (L.) Pennell nom. inval.
 Red turtlehead Introduced,
US South native,
No NY reports
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-0
USDA-N0
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PenstemonEdit

Penstemon or beardtongue is a large genus of about 250 species of primarily North American herbaceous perennials. The genus name was derived from the Greek penta (five) and stemon (stamen), referring to the flowers, which have five stamens (one sterile and four fertile).

Some Penstemon species have been hybridized and selected for horticultural trade. A popular example is Penstemon 'Dark Towers' (2004), which is a cross between an eastern U.S. cultivar: Penstemon digitalis Nutt. 'Husker Red' (Lindgren, 1984) and south-central U.S. hybrid pollen parent: Penstemon 'Prairie Splendor' (Penstemon cobaea Nutt. × Penstemon triflorus A.Heller) (Lindgren, 1993).[1]

  1. ↑ Dale T. Lindgren and Daniel M. Schaaf (2009). "Penstemon 'Dark Towers'." HortScience June 2009 vol. 44 no. 3 852-853
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Cheloneae — Penstemon
Penstemon subg. Penstemon sect. Penstemon Beardtongue N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Willd.
1753. Chelone hirsuta L. (i)
1800. Penstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd. (i)
 Hairy beardtongue,
Hairy beard-tongue,
Northeastern beard-tongue 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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 Small
1903. Penstemon pallidus Small
1922. P. arkansanus var. pubescens
1933. P. brevisepalus Pennell
 Pale beardtongue,
Eastern white beardtongue
Penstémon pâle 		Native, CoC: 10,
Secure
FACU-UPL 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NX
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Wikispecies
 Nutt. ex Sims
    Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims
    P. laevigatus ssp. digitalis
    P. laevigatus var. angulatus
 Foxglove beardtongue,
Fox-glove beard-tongue,
Talus-slope beard-tongue 		Introduced,
US South native,
Naturalized
FAC 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NX
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Wikispecies
 Small
    Penstemon calycosus Small
    P. laevigatus ssp. calycosus
    
 Longsepal beardtongue,
Long-sepal beard-tongue 		Introduced,
N. America native,
Unk. naturalizaiton 		  NYFA-X
USDA-N0
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Wikispecies
 Nutt.
1837. Penstemon tubaeflorus Nutt. (i)
1837. Penstemon tubiflorus Nutt. (i)
1949. P. tubaeflorus var. achoreus Fernald
    
 Funnel-form beardtongue,
White-wand beardtongue,
Tube beardtongue 		Introduced,
N. America native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NX
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CollinsiaEdit

 
Collinsia verna
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Cheloneae — Collinsia
Collinsia Nutt. (1817) Blue-eyed-Mary N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Nutt.
1817. Collinsia verna Nutt.
1824. Collinsia bicolor Raf.
 Blue-eyed Mary,
Spring blue-eyed Mary,
Eastern blue-eyed Mary,
Broad-leaved collinsia,
Innocence
Collinsie printanière 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
No recent reports,
DEC-A[1]
FAC-FACU
Annual,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-Z
USDA-NN
Go Botany-0
VASCAN
0 iNaturalist
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
 Lindl.
1813. Antirrhinum tenellum Pursh nom. illeg.
1827. Collinsia parviflora Lindl.
1846. Collinsia parviflora var. parviflora {{{5}}}
1906. Collinsia tenella Piper nom. illeg.
Small-flowered blue-eyed Mary
Maiden blue-eyed Mary
Few-flowered blue-eyed Mary
Blue-lips
Small blue-eyed Mary
Small-flowered collinsia
Collinsie à petites fleurs
 Introduced,
N. America native,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NN
VASCAN
0 iNaturalist
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.

Tribe AntirrhineaeEdit

Of the dozen or so species of Antirrhineae (snap-dragon tribe) known to grow in the wild in New York, only oldfield toadflax is considered to be native to the state.

NuttallanthusEdit

 
Nuttallanthus canadensis
The genus Nuttallanthus contains a small number of American toad-flaxes, which are still often included in the much larger Linaria genus.
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Nuttallanthus
Nuttallanthus Toadflax N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) D.A.Sutton
1753. Antirrhinum canadense L.
1802. Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. Cours.
1988. Nuttallanthus canadensis (L.) D.A. Sutton
 Old-field toadflax,
Canada toadflax,
Blue toadflax,
Field toadflax
Linaire du Canada 		Native, CoC: 3,
Likely secure
Biennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-4
USDA-NN
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LinariaEdit

 
Linaria vulgaris
butter-and-eggs
Linaria (toadflax) has also been placed in the Scrophulariaceae (figwort family). Note that the New York Flora Atlas includes the native Nuttallanthus canadensis (blue toadflax, above) in Linaria.
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Linaria
Linaria Toadflax N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Mill.
    Linaria linaria (L.) Karst.
 Butter-and-eggs,
Yellow toadflax,
Flax-weed,
Wild snapdragon,
Eggs-and-bacon 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
Refs.[1][2]		   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Wikispecies
 (L.) Mill.
ssp. dalmatica
    L. genistifolia ssp. dalmatica
    Antirrhinum dalmaticum L.
 Balkan toadflax,
Dalmatian toadflax 		Introduced from
 Mediterranean,
Very highly invasive,
Refs.[3][4][5],
Invasive.org 		  NYFA: 3 counties NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Wikispecies
 Hook. f.
 Moroccan toadflax,
Morocco toadflax 		Introduced from
 Mediterranean,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized,
SNA, GNR
Annual,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA: 2 counties NYFA-Xm
USDA-XX
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Wikispecies
 (L.) Mill.
ssp. genistifolia
1753. Antirrhinum genistifolium L.
1768. Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill.
    
 Broom-leaved toad-flax Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-Xm
USDA-X0
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 (L.) Mill.
    Linaria repens (L.) Mill.
    Linaria striata DC.
    
 Pale toad-flax,
Striped toadflax 		Introduced,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Chaz.
ssp. supina
    Linaria repens (L.) Mill.
    Linaria striata DC.
    
 Prostrate toad flax,
Lesser butter and eggs 		Introduced,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ National Invasive Species Information Center lists Linaria vulgaris as invasive in the US.
  2. ↑ Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States lists Linaria vulgaris as invasive in adjacent states CT & NJ and ten other states.
  3. ↑ National Invasive Species Information Center lists Linaria dalmatica as invasive in the US.
  4. ↑ Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States lists Linaria dalmatica as invasive in four western states.
  5. ↑ New York State Invasive Species Tiers: Linaria dalmatica Ecological Invasiveness Rank: Very High.

ChaenorhinumEdit

 
Chaenorhinum minus
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Chaenorhinum
Chaenorhinum Dwarf-snapdragon N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Lange
    Linaria minus (L.) Desf.
    Chaenorhinum minus (L.) Lange
Dwarf snapdragon
Small toadflax
 Introduced from
 continental Europe,
Potentially invasive,
IPA-US,
SNA, GNR
Annual,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

CymbalariaEdit

 
Cymbalaria muralis
The genus Cymbalaria
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Cymbalaria
Cymbalaria Cymbalaria N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Gaertn., Meyer & Sherb.
Linaria cymbalaria
 Kenilworth ivy Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 Wettst.
 White coliseum-ivy,
Italian toadflax 		Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-00
Images
Wikispecies

KickxiaEdit

 
Kickxia elatine
The genus Kickxia contains species known as cancerwort or fluellin.
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Kickxia
Kickxia Cancerwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Dumort.
1753. Antirrhinum elatine L.
1768. Linaria elatine (L.) Mill.
1827. Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort.
1840. Tursitis elatine (L.) Raf.
1891. Elatinoides elatine (L.) Wettst.
1891. Anarrhinum elatum (L.) Kuntze
Sharp-pointed fluellin
Sharp-leaved fluellen
Sharp-point toadflax
 Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Naturalzed 		 
NYFA: 3 counties
iNat: 2 counties 		NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
WFO
Kew POWO
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Dumort.
1753. Antirrhinum spurium L.
1768. Linaria spuria (L.) Mill.
1800. Cymbalaria spuria (L.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.
1827. Kickxia spuria (L.) Dumort.
1891. Elatinoides spuria (L.) Wettst.
Round-leaved fluellin
Round-leaved cancerwort
Female fluellin
 Introduced  
NYFA: Queens (1879)
iNat: No NY observations 		NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
WFO
Kew POWO
Images
Wikispecies

AntirrhinumEdit

 
Antirrhinum majus
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Antirrhinum
Antirrhinum Snapdragon N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Garden snapdragon Introduced,
Not naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

MisopatesEdit

Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Antirrhineae — Misopates
Misopates Snapdragon N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Raf.
Antirrhinum orontium L.
 Lesser snapdragon Introduced,
Impersistent 		  NYFA-Xm
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe CallitricheaeEdit

CallitricheEdit

 
Callitriche palustris
vernal water-starwort
The Callitriche found in New York are aquatic plants known as water-starworts.
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Callitricheae — Callitriche
Callitriche Water-starwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh
ssp. heterophylla
    Callitriche anceps Fernald
 Diverseleaf water-starwort,
Twoheaded water-starwort 		Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
 L.
    Callitriche verna L.
 Vernal water-starwort Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 Raf.
    Callitriche austinii Engelm.
    Callitriche deflexa A.Braun
 Terrestrial water-starwort Native,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1]		   NYFA-2-3
USDA-NN
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 L.
 Autumnal water-starwort,
Northern water-starwort 		Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2]		   NYFA-1
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
 Scop.
 Pond water-starwort Introduced,
Somewhat invasive,
 NYIS: 49%[3],
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [3],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA,
NSE: Exotic
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
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Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (b) Threatened.
  2. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.
  3. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Callitriche stagnalis: Moderate (49).

HippurisEdit

Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Callitricheae — Hippuris
Hippuris Mare's-tail N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1953. Hippuris vulgaris L.
 Common mare's-tail
Hippuride vulgaire,
Queue de cheval,
Pesse vulgaire 		Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1]		   NYFA-1
USDA-NN
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  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.

Tribe DigitalideaeEdit

DigitalisEdit

 
Digitalis purpurea
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Digitalideae — Digitalis
Digitalis sect. Digitalis Foxglove N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Digitalis purpurea L.
 Purple foxglove,
Common foxglove,
Digitalis,
Fairy cap
Digitale pourpre,
Grande digitale 		Introduced from
 Europe,
 Morocco,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 53%[1],
Naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Digitalis sect. Globiflorae Foxglove N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Ehrh.
1792. Digitalis lanata Ehrh.
 Grecian foxglove,
Woolly foxglove,
Woolly digitalis
Digitale laineuse 		Introduced from
 Europe,
 Turkey,
Somewhat invasive,
 NYIS: 37%[2],
Unknown naturalization 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Digitalis sect. Macranthae Foxglove N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Mill.
1773. Digitalis ochroleuca Jacq.
1768. Digitalis grandiflora Mill.
1768. Digitalis magniflora Mill.
1768. Digitalis orientalis Mill.
1770. Digitalis ambigua Murray
1775. Digitalis flava Georgi
1782. Digitalis lutea-majar Gilib.
1825. Digitalis ambigua var. grandiflora Wender.
1838. Digitalis milleri G.Don
 Yellow foxglove,
Large yellow foxglove
Digitale à grandes fleurs 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS Tier: 2,
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [4],
Naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
WFO
Kew POWO
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 L.
1753. Digitalis lutea L.
1773. Digitalis parviflora All.
1907. Digitalis ornata Porta ex Huter
 Straw foxglove,
Small yellow foxglove
Digitale jaune,
Digitale à petites fleurs,
Petite digitale 		Introduced from
 Europe,
Not naturalized 		 
NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: 4 counties 		NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
Kew POWO
Go Botany
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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Digitalis purpurea: Moderate (53).
  2. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Digitalis lanata: Low (37).

Tribe VeroniceaeEdit

VeronicaEdit

Veronica subg. VeronicaEdit
 
Veronica scutellata
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Veronica
Veronica subg. Veronica Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Marsh speedwell,
Skullcap speedwell 		Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Veronica officinalis L.
1862. Veronica officinalis L.
tournefortii
 Common speedwell,
Gypsy-weed,
Common gypsy-weed 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 Macaronesia,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 52%[1],
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [5],
Naturalized,
SNA,
NSE: SNR G5
FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
WFO
Kew POWO
Go Botany
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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Veronica officinalis: Moderate (52). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
Veronica subg. BeccabungaEdit
 
Veronica americana
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Beccabunga
Veronica subg. Beccabunga Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Schwein. ex Benth. 1846
 American speedwell,
American brooklime 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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 L.
 ssp. peregrina
Purslane speedwell
Neckweed
 Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
 L.
 ssp. xalapensis
    Veronica xalapensis Kunth
    Veronica sherwoodii M.Peck
    
Bird's-eye Speedwell
Glandular speedwell
Hairy purslane speedwell
Neckweed
 Native,
Vulnerable 		  NYFA-3
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
 Pennell
1921. Veronica catenata Pennell
    Veronica comosa Richt.
    Veronica connata Raf.
    Veronica salina Schur. misapplied
 auct. V. anagallis-aquatica
 Chained speedwell,
Pink water speedwell,
Water speedwell,
Pennell's speedwell 		Native, CoC: 10,
Vulnerable 		  NYFA-3-5
USDA-NN
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 L.
 ssp. humifusa (Dicks.) Vahl
    Veronica tenella All.
    Veronica humifusa Dicks.
 Bright blue speedwell Native,
Likely extirpated 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
 L.
 ssp. serpyllifolia
 Thyme-leaved speedwell Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. V. anagallis-aquatica L.
    V. brittonii Porter ex Pennell
    V. glandifera Pennell
 auct. V. catenata
 Water speedwell,
Blue speedwell,
Water pimpernel,
Brook pimpernel,
Blue water speedwell
Mouron d'eau 		Introduced   NYFA-5
USDA-NN
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 L.
 Brooklime,
European speedwell 		Introduced,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 62%[1]		   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Veronica beccabunga: Moderate (62).
Veronica subg. ChamaedrysEdit
 
Veronica arvensis
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Chamaedrys

Veronica subg. Chamaedrys Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Corn speedwell Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: 5,
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Germander speedwell Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: 3,
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Spring speedwell Introduced,
Naturalized,
 USGS: L48 established 		 
NYFA: 2 counties
iNat: Lewis (1994) 		NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
Images
Wikispecies
 Crantz
 Dillen's speedwell Introduced,
Not naturalized,
 USGS: L48 established 		  NYFA-X
USDA-X0
GBIF
Images
Wikispecies
Veronica subg. CochlidiospermaEdit
 
Veronica hederifolia
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Cochlidiosperma
Veronica subg. Cochlidiosperma Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Veronica hederifolia L.
1839. Cochlidiosperma hederifolium (L.) Opiz
1869. Pocilla hederifolia (L.) Fourr.
Ivy-leaved speedwell
 Introduced from
 Eurasia,,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: 7,
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR,
NSE: Exotic
Annual,
Herb-forb,
2n=56 		 
NYFA: 8 counties
iNat: 9 counties 		NYFA-X
USDA-XX
GBIF
WFO
Kew POWO
Go Botany
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Images
Wikispecies
 M.A.Fisch.
1830. Veronica hederifolia var. lucorum Klett & Richt.
1966. Veronica hederifolia ssp. lucorum (Klett & Richt.) Hartl
1967. Veronica sublobata M.A.Fisch.
Pink ivy-leaved speedwell
False ivy-leaved speedwell
 Introduced  
NYFA: Not listed
iNat: 8? counties
GBIF
Kew POWO
iNaturalist
ITIS
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Veronica subg. OrientalesEdit
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Orientales
Veronica subg. Orientales Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. teucrium (L.) D.A. Webb
1762. Veronica teucrium L.
1939. V. krylovii Schischk.
1972. V. austriaca ssp. teucrium (L.) D.A. Webb
Broad-leaved speedwell
Broadleaf speedwell
Large speedwell
 Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Unkown naturalization 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Veronica subg. PocillaEdit
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Pocilla
Veronica subg. Pocilla Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Field speedwell,
Green field speedwell 		Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    Pocilla biloba (L.) W.A. Weber
 Two-lobe speedwell Introduced,
Rare 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Images
Wikispecies
 Sm.
 Slender speedwell Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 Poir.
    Pocilla persica
 Bird-eye speedwell Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 Fries
    Pocilla polita (Fr.) Fourr.
    Veronica didyma Ten. p.p.
 Wayside speedwell Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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Images
Wikispecies
Veronica subg. PseudolysimachionEdit
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronica subg. Pseudolysimachion
Veronica subg. Pseudolysimachion Speedwell N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Veronica longifolia L.
1852. Pseudolysimachion longifolium (L.) Opiz
 Longleaf speedwell,
Long-leaf speedwell,
Long-leaved speedwell,
Garden speedwell 		Introduced,
Eurasia native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
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Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Veronica spicata L.
1769. Veronica orchidea Crantz
1817. Veronica barrelieri Schult.
1852. Pseudolysimachion spicatum
(L.) Opiz
1950. Veronica hololeuca Juz.
 Spike speedwell Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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 Heuff.
1821. Veronica grandis
Fisch. ex Spreng. misapplied
1835. Veronica bachofenii Heuff.
1967. Pseudolysimachion bachofenii
 Heartleaf speedwell,
Heart-leaved speedwell 		Introduced from
 eastern Europe,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized 		NYFA-X
USDA-XX
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VeronicastrumEdit

 
Veronicastrum virginicum
Culver's root
Culver's root (Veronicastrum virginicum) is the only species of Veronicastrum (false Veronica) reported in New York. It is listed a threatened (S2) in the state, but is widely planted.
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Veroniceae — Veronicastrum
Veronicastrum Veronicastrum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Farw.
1753. Veronica virginica L.
1818. Leptandra virginica (L.) Nutt.
1917. Veronicastrum virginicum
(L.) Farw.
 Culver's root,
Blackroot,
Bowman's root,
Tall speedwell 		Native, CoC: 5,
Threatened,
S2, G4,
NYNHP: 2[1]
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun - part shade 		  NYFA-2
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
BONAP
LBJ
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  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2021. Online Conservation Guide for Veronicastrum virginicum.

Tribe PlantagineaeEdit

Littorella Edit

Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Plantagineae — Littorella
Littorella Shore grass N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Fernald
1753. Plantago uniflora L.
1859. Littorella uniflora (L.) Asch.
1918. Littorella americana Fernald
1952. Littorella uniflora
var. americana Gleason
1996. Plantago americana Rahn
 American shore-grass,
American shore plantain,
American shore weed 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
No recent reports,
SH, G5
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-1
USDA-NN
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
NatureServe
BONAP
IPN
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Note: [1]
  1. ↑ USDA-ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) treats Littorella as a subgenus of Plantago and Littorella uniflora as a synonym of Plantago uniflora. It also considers this species to be a European native, referencing Aldén, Ryman & Hjertson (2009).

PlantagoEdit

Plantago subg. PlantagoEdit
 
Plantago rugelii
black-seeded plantain
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Plantagineae — Plantago subg. Plantago
Plantago subg. Plantago Plantain N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Rugel’s plantain
Blackseed plantain
Black-seeded plantain
American plantain
 Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NX
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 L.
 Virginia plantain,
Pale-seeded plantain,
Hoary plantain 		Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 Lam.
1792. Plantago cordata Lam.
 Heart-leaved plantain,
Heartleaf plantain,
Kingroot 		Native,
Rare
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-3
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
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Dwarf plantain Introduced,
N. America native 		 
USDA-N0
Go Botany
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Wikispecies
 Nutt.
 Slender plantain Introduced,
N. America native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-N0
Go Botany
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Wikispecies
 L.
 Common plantain,
Nipple-seeded plantain 		Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
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Wikispecies
 L.
Lamb's tongue plantain
Hoary plantain
Plantain moyen
Plantain bâtard
 Introduced from
 Eurasia 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
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Plantago subg. Plantago (excluded taxa) Plantain N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Torr.
 Redwool plantain Introduced,
N.Y. excluded 		  NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
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Plantago subg. CoronopusEdit
Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Plantagineae — Plantago subg. Coronopus
Plantago Plantain N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
var. juncoides
    Plantago juncoides Lam.
    Plantago maritima ssp. borealis
    Plantago oliganthos
 Seaside plantain Native,
Threatened 		  NYFA-2-3
USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    
    
    
 Buckhorn plantain Introduced,
Rare 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Plantago subg. Psyllium s.lEdit

This subgenus combines subg. Psyllium s.s and subg. Albicans, which have been found to be polyphyletic when treated separately.

Lamiales — Plantaginaceae — Plantagineae — Plantago subg. Psyllium s.l
Plantago Plantain N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx.
 Largebracted plantain,
Rat-tail plantain,
Western ripplegrass 		Introduced,
N. America native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NX
Images
Wikispecies
 Jacq.
 Woolly plantain Introduced,
N. America native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 English plantain,
Narrowleaf plantain,
Narrow-leaved plantain 		Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
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 Waldst. & Kit.
1753. Plantago psyllium L., nom. utique rej.
1759. Plantago indica L., nom. utique rej.
1794. Plantago scabra Moench
1801. Plantago arenaria Waldst. & Kit.
Flaxseed plantain
Sand plantain
 Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies

Family ScrophulariaceaeEdit

The Scrophulariaceae (figwort Family) ...[1][2]

Tribe ScrophularieaeEdit

ScrophulariaEdit

Lamiales — Scrophulariaceae — Scrophularieae — Scrophularia
Scrophularia Figwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh 1813
 Hare figwort,
Lanceleaf figwort,
American figwort 		Native,
Secure 		  NYFA-5
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
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 L. 1753
 Carpenter's square,
Figwort,
Eastern figwort,
Maryland figwort 		Native,
Likely secure 		  NYFA-4
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
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 L. 1753
 Woodland figwort,
Common figwort,
Figwort 		Introduced,
Eurasia native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-NX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 L. 1753
S. aquatica auct.
 Shoreline figwort,
Water betony,
Water figwort 		Introduced,
Impersistent 		  NYFA-Xm
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ Scrophulariaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.
  2. ↑ Scrophulariaceae USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS Database (2013).

VerbascumEdit

Lamiales — Scrophulariaceae — Scrophularieae — Verbascum
Verbascum Mullein N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Verbascum blattaria L.
 Moth mullein,
White moth mullein 		Introduced,
Eurasia native,
N. Africa native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 L. 1753
1753. Verbascum thapsus L.
 Common mullein,
Great mullein
Molène,
Bouillon blanc 		Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Verbascum lychnitis L.
 White mullein Introduced,
Eurasia native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 K.Koch
  Verbascum lychnitis ×
  Verbascum thapsus
1837. Verbascum spurium K.Koch
 Mullein Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 L. 1753
1753. Verbascum phlomoides L.
 Orange mullein,
Clasping-leaved mullein 		Introduced,
Eurasia native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Verbascum phoeniceum L.
1753. Verbascum phoenicium L.
 Purple mullein Introduced,
Eurasia native 		  NYFA-X
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Verbascum sinuatum L.
 Wavyleaf mullein,
Wavy-leaved mullein,
Black-leaved mullein,
Scallop-leaved mullein 		Introduced   NYFA-X
USDA-X0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe LimoselleaeEdit

LimosellaEdit

 
Limosella australis
Lamiales — Scrophulariaceae — Limoselleae — Limosella
Limosella Mudwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 R. Br.
1804. Limosella tenuifolia J.P.Wolff
1806. Limosella aquatica ssp. tenuifolia (J.P.Wolff) Pers.
1810. Limosella australis R.Br.
1817. Limosella subulata E.Ives
1905. Limosella aquatica var. tenuifolia (J.P.Wolff) Hook.f.
Atlantic mudwort
Welsh mudwort
Delta Mudwort
Limosella à feuilles subulées
 Native, CoC: 10,
Rare,
Vulnerable,
S2, G4-5
OBL
Annual,
Herb-forb 		  NYFA-3
USDA-NN
iNaturalist
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
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Wikispecies

Tribe BuddlejeaeEdit

BuddlejaEdit

 
Buddleja davidii
One species of Butterfly bush, Buddleja davidii has escaped cultivation and become invasive in New York State. It has been widely planted to attract butterflies and birds, but it has been found to be invasive in many temperate locations outside of its native range in China. Butterfly-bush should not be confused with butterfly-weed (Asclepias tuberosa), which is a native milkweed.
Lamiales — Scrophulariaceae — Buddlejeae — Buddleja
Buddleja Butterflybush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Franch.
1888. Buddleja davidii Franch.
 Orange-eyed butterfly-bush,
Orange-eye butterfly-bush,
Orange eye butterflybush,
Butterfly bush,
Orange eye,
Summer lilac
Arbre aux papillons,
Lilas d'été 		Introduced from
 China,
Invasive,
 NYIS: 45%[1]
FACU
Perennial,
Shrub 		  NYFA-X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Buddleja davidii: Low (45). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
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