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Flora of New York/Amygdaloideae 2

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Table of
contents 		Genus
index 		Protected species index Invasive species index


Family Rosaceae (cont'd)
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The grouping of the Rosaceae (rose family) taxa used here is based on the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website,[1] Eriksson (2003),[2] Longhi (2014),[3] Sun et al. (2018).[4] X. Chen et al. (2020).[5]

The subfamilies Rosoideae and Amygdaloideae are present in New York.

Rosaceae 
 
Dryadoideae 
 

Cercocarpus

 
 

Dryas

 
 
Rosoideae 
 
Ulmarieae 

Filipendula

 
 
Rosodeae 
 
Colurieae 
 

Geum (avens)

 
 

Waldsteinia (barren strawberry)

 
 
 
 
 
Rubeae 

Rubus (brambles)

 
 
 
 
Roseae 

Rosa (roses)

 
 
 
Potentilleae 
Potentillineae 
 

Argentina (siverweed)

 
 

Potentilla (cinquefoil)

 
 
Fragariinae
 

Fragaria (strawberries)

 
 
 
 

Dasiphora (shrubby cinquefoil)

 
 

Drymocallis (tall cinquefoil)

 
 
 
 

Sibbaldia (three-toothed cinquefoil)

 
 

Comarum (marsh cinquefoil)

 
 
 
 
 
Agrimonieae 
Agrimoniinae 

Agrimonia (agrimony)

 
Sanguisorbineae 
 
 

Poteridium (American burnet)

 
 

Poterium (salad burnet)

 
 
 

Sanguisorba (burnet)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amygdaloideae 
 
Niellieae 

Physocarpus

 
 
 
 
Spiraeeae 

Spiraea

 
 
 
 
 
Lyonothamneae

Lyonothamnus floribundus

 
 
 
Amygdaleae 

Prunus

 
 
 
 
 
Sorbarieae 

Sorbaria (false spiraea)

 
 
 
Osmaronieae 

Exochorda (pearlbush)

 
Kerrieae 
 

Rhodotypos (jetbead)

 
 

Kerria (Japanese rose)

 
 
 
 
 
Gillenieae 

Gillenia

 
Maleae 
 
Lindleyinae 

Kageneckia

 
 
 
 

Vauquelinia

 
Malinae 
 
 
 

Crataegus (hawthorn)

 
 
 

Amelanchier (shadbush)

 
 

Cydonia (quince)

 
 
 
 
 
 

Pyracantha (firethorn)

 
 
 
 
 

Sorbus (mountain ash)

 
 

Pyrus (pear)

 
 
 
 

Photinia

 
 

Cotoneaster

 
 
 
 
 

Chaenomeles (quince)

 
 
 

Malus (apple)

 
 

Aronia (chokeberry)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  1. ↑ Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 (and more or less continuously updated since). Accessed 4 Jan. 2024
  2. ↑ Torsten Eriksson, Malin S. Hibbs, Anne D. Yoder, Charles F. Delwiche, and Michael J. Donoghue (2003). "The phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rocaceae) based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and the TRN/F region of Chloroplast DNA." Int. J. Plant Sci. 164(2): 197–211.
  3. ↑ Sara Longhi, Lara Giongo, Matteo Buti, Nada Surbanovski, Roberto Viola, Riccardo Velasco, Judson A. Ward & Daniel J. Sargent (2014). "Molecular genetics and genomics of the Rosoideae: state of the art and future perspectives." Horticulture Research 1, Article number: 1.
  4. ↑ Fengjie Sun, Jiahui Sun, Shuo Shi, Jinlu Li, Jing Yu, Ling Wang, Xueying Yang, Ling Guo, Shiliang Zhou 2018. Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription. BioMed Research International. Hindawi.
  5. ↑ Chen, Xun, Li, J., Cheng, T., Zhang, W., Liu, Y., Wu, P., Yang, X., Wang, L., & Zhou, S. 2020. Molecular systematics of Rosoideae (Rosaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 306:9.
Subfamily Amygdaloideae (cont'd)
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Tribe Gillenieae

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The tribe Gillenieae, with a base chromosome number of x = 9, shares a clade with sister tribe Maleae but does not have the high (x = 17) chromosome numbers of Maleae.[1]
  1. ↑ Hodel Richard G. J., Zimmer Elizabeth A., Liu Bin-Bin, Wen Jun (2022). Synthesis of Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Combined With Network Analyses Supports the Polyploid Origin of the Apple Tribe and the Hybrid Origin of the Maleae—Gillenieae Clade. Frontiers in Plant Science.

Gillenia

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Gillenia trifoliata (L.) Moench
Bowman’s root, Indian physic
The genus name Gillenia was published in the early 1800s, but was changed to Porteranthus by Britton in 1893 to avoid confusion with a similar genus name. Recent interpretations of naming rules have caused the accepted name to be switched back to Gillenia.

Sun et al. (2018) recommended moving Gillenia into Maleae for phylogenetic consistency.[1]

  1. ↑ Fengjie Sun, Jiahui Sun, Shuo Shi, Jinlu Li, Jing Yu, Ling Wang, Xueying Yang, Ling Guo, Shiliang Zhou 2018. Phylogeny of Maleae (Rosaceae) Based on Multiple Chloroplast Regions: Implications to Genera Circumscription. BioMed Research International. Hindawi.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amigdaloideae — Gillenieae — Gillenia
Genus Gillenia Indian physic N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Moench
1753. Spiraea trifoliata L.
1802. Gillenia trifoliata Moench
1893. Porteranthus trifoliatus Britton
 Bowman's root,
Mountain Indian-physic,
Fawn's breath
Gillénie trifoliée 		Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
S1
Perennial,
Herb 		 
NYFA: 4?
USDA-NN
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VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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FNA
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 (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.
1809. Spiraea stipulata Muhl. ex Willd.
1817. Gillenia stipulata Nutt.
1893. Porteranthus stipulatus Britton
 American ipecac,
Indian physic 		Native,
Likely extirpated 		 
NYFA: Z
USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Maleae

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The Maleae comprise the serviceberries, chokeberries, hawthorns, apples, pears, and quinces.

Amelanchier

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Amelanchier arborea
The species of Amelanchier are typically shrubs or small trees that go by the common names serviceberry, shadbush, or Juneberry.[1]

Amelanchier humilis Wiegand is here merged into Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. var. alnifolia (the older name) following morphological and genetic data from Burgess et al.(2015).[2][3]

For the ploidy levels shown here, 2n = 2x indicates diploidy, 3n = 3x triploidy, and 2n = 4x tetraploidy. As with most members of Maleae, Amelanchier species have a base chromosome number of x=17.[4]

  1. ↑ L. Brouillet, F. Coursol, S.J. Meades, M. Favreau, M. Anions, P. Bélisle & P. Desmet. 2010+. "Amelanchier Medikus." VASCAN, the Database of Vascular Plants of Canada. http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/ (consulted on 2017-05-14)
  2. ↑ Kevin R. Cushman, Michael B. Burgess, Eric T. Doucette, Gretchen A. Nelson and Christopher S. Campbell (2017). "Species Delimitation in Tetraploid, Apomictic Amelanchier (Rosaceae)." Systematic Botany Vol. 42, No. 2 (April-June 2017), pp. 234-256.
  3. ↑ Michael B. Burgess, Kevin R. Cushman, Eric T. Doucette, Christopher S. Campbell (2015). "Understanding diploid diversity: A first step in unraveling polyploid, apomictic complexity in Amelanchier." American Journal of Botany, Vol. 102, No. 12 (December 2015), pp. 2041-2057.
  4. ↑ Bin-Bin Liu, Christopher S. Campbell, De-Yuan Hong, Jun Wen (2020). "Phylogenetic relationships and chloroplast capture in the Amelanchier-Malacomeles-Peraphyllum clade." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 147, June 2020, 106784.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Amelanchier
Genus Amelanchier Medik. Serviceberry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (F.Michx.) Fernald
1787.  Pyrus botryapium  Wangenh.
1788.  Mespilus canadensis  Walter (sensu auct.)
1803.  Mespilus canadensis  var. cordata  Michx.
1810.  Mespilus arborea  F.Michx.
1818.  Aronia arborea  Barton
1818.  Malus microcarpa  Raf.
1838.  Pyrus wangenheimiana  Tausch
1908.  Amelanchier alabamensis  Britton
1914.  Amelancus canadensis  Medik. ex Vollm.
1941. Amelanchier arborea  (F.Michx.) Fernald
1946.  Amelanchier arborea  var. alabamensis  (Britton) G.N.Jones
1946.  Amelanchier arborea  var. arborea  
 Downy serviceberry,
Downy shadbush,
Common serviceberry,
Apple shadbush,
Shadblow,
Juneberry
Amélanchier arborescent,
Amélanchier arbre 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Tree-shrub,
Sun - shade,
2n = 2x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 5
GBIF
USDA-NN
COL
WFO
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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FNAFNA
Tropicos
LBJ
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 Wiegand
1824.  Pyrus botryapium  Bigelow (sensu auct.)
1840.  Amelanchier canadensis  Torr. & A.Gray (sensu auct.)
1846.  Amelanchier botryapium  G.B.Emers.
1912. Amelanchier laevis  Wiegand
1912.  Amelanchier laevis  f. nitida  Wiegand
1918.  Amelanchier laevis  var. cordifolia  Ashe
1921.  Amelanchier laevis  var. nitida  (Wiegand) Fernald
1949.  Amelanchier laevis  f. villosa  Ter Pelkwijk
1964.  Amelanchier arborea  var. laevis  (Wiegand) H.E.Ahles
1966.  Amelanchier arborea  var. cordifolia  (Ashe) B.Boivin
1975.  Amelanchier arborea  ssp. laevis  S.M.McKay ex P.Landry
 Allegheny serviceberry,
Smooth shadbush,
Smooth serviceberry
Amélanchier glabre,
Petites poires 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
Perennial,
Tree-shrub,
2n = 2x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-N
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
FNAFNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Medik.
 var. canadensis
1753.  Mespilus canadensis  L.
1790.  Mespilus amelanchier  var. canadensis  (L.) Castigl.
1793. Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.
1796.  Crataegus amoena  Salisb.
1806.  Aronia botryapium  (L.f.) Pers.
1833.  Pyrus canadensis  (L.) Billb.
1847.  Amelanchier oblongifolia  (Torr. & A. Gray) M.Roem.
1930.  Aronia canadensis  (L.) Farw.
 Coastal shadbush,
Eastern shadbush,
Eastern serviceberry,
Canadian serviceberry,
Canada serviceberry,
Oblongleaf serviceberry,
Shadblow,
Swamp shadbush
Amélanchier du Canada,
Amélanchier canadien 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Tree-shrub,
2n = 2x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-N
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
BONAP
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Wikispecies
 Spach
  Amelanchier canadensis ×
  Amelanchier laevis

1834. Amelanchier intermedia Spach in Hist. Nat. Vég. 2:85
1919. Amelanchier canadensis var. intermedia (Spach) Ashe in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 46:221

Intermediate shadbush,
Intermediate serviceberry,
Purple serviceberry,
Swamp juneberry
Amélanchier intermédiaire 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Tree,
2n = 4x 		 
NYFA: 5
NYFA: 20 counties
GBIF
No RG opbservations
USDA-N
COL
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNAFNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (Pursh) DC.
1803.  Mespilus canadensis  var. rotundifolia  Michx.
1814.  Pyrus sanguinea  Pursh
1818.  Aronia sanguinea  (Pursh) Nutt.
1825. Amelanchier sanguinea (Pursh) DC.
1840.  Amelanchier canadensis  var. rotundifolia  (Michx.) Torr.& Gray
1920.  Amelanchier huronensis  Wiegand (orth. var.)
1975.  Amelanchier sanguinea  var. arguta  (Greene) P.Landry
 Roundleaf serviceberry,
Round-leaved shadbush,
Red-twigged shadbush
Amélanchier sanguin,
Petites poires 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
2n = 2x, 3x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 (Lam.) K.Koch.

1783. Crataegus spicata Lam. in Encycl. 1:84
1912. Amelanchier stolonifera Wiegand in Rhodora 14: 144
1922. Amelanchier stolonifera var. lucida Fernald
1948. Amelanchier lucida Fernald
1969. Amelanchier spicata K.Koch.

Dwarf shadbush,
Running serviceberry,
Thicket shadbush
Amélanchier en épis 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Shrub,
2n = 3x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
Go Botany
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 (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roem.

1818. Aronia alnifolia Nutt. in Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1:306
1821. Pyrus alnifolia (Nutt.) Lindl. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 13:98
1840. Amelanchier canadensis var. alnifolia (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray in Fl. N.Amer. 1:473
1843. Amelanchier diversifolia var. alnifolia (Nutt.) Torr. in J.C.Frémont, Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts.
1847. Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roem. in Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3:147
1891. Amelanchier glabra Greene in Fl. Francisc.: 52
1906. Amelanchier siskiyouensis C.K.Schneid. in Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1:735
1912. Amelanchier humilis Wiegand in Rhodora 14: 141
1913. Amelanchier macrocarpa Lunell in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3:143
1918. Amelanchier leptodendron Lunell in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5:237
1939. Amelanchier humilis var. typica E.L.Nielsen in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 22:173, not validly publ.
1939. Amelanchier humilis var. compacta E.L.Nielsen in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 22:174
1939. Amelanchier humilis var. campestris E.L.Nielsen in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 22:176
1939. Amelanchier humilis var. exserrata E.L.Nielsen in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 22:177
1939. Amelanchier mucronata E.L.Nielsen in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 22:178
1975. Amelanchier sanguinea var. alnifolia (Nutt.) P.Landry in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 122:249
1976. Amelanchier alnifolia var. compacta (E.L.Nielsen) McKay in Ontario Field Biol. 30:55

Low shadbush,
Low Juneberry,
Low shadblow,
Low serviceberry,
Running serviceberry
Amélanchier bas,
Amélanchier nain 		Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure
Perennial,
Shrub,
Sun - shade,
2n = 2x, 3x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY
USDA-N0
COL
WFO
POWO
FSUS
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNAFNA
Tropicos
BONAP
LBJ
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Wikispecies
 Wiegand
1912.  Amelanchier sanguinea  f. grandiflora  Wiegand  ...
1914.  Amelanchier sanguinea  var. grandiflora  (Wiegand) Rehder in…
1920.  Amelanchier grandiflora  (Wiegand) Wiegand in…
1921.  Amelanchier amabilis  Wiegand in…
Lovely shadbush ⓘ
Beautiful Serviceberry ⓘ
Amélanchier gracieux ⓘ
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4?
Perennial,
Tree, shrub,
2n = 4x 		 
NYFA: 4
iNat
GBIF
USDA-NN
COL
WFO
POWO
FSUS
Go Botany
VASCAN
ITIS
FNAFNA
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
 (Tausch) M.Roem.
    Amelanchier oligocarpa (Michx.) M.Roem.
1847. Amelanchier bartramiana (Tausch) M.Roem.
 Bartram shadbush,
Mountain shadbush,
Oblongfruit serviceberry
Amélanchier de Bartram 		Native, CoC: 9,
Likely secure,
2n = 2x, 3x, 4x 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
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 E.P.Bicknell
1908. Amelanchier oblongifoliavar. micropetala
1911. Amelanchier nantucketense E.P.Bicknell
1919. Amelanchier micropetala (B.L.Rob.) Ashe
 Nantucket serviceberry,
Nantucket shadbush 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered
FACU
Perennial,
Shrub,
2n = 4x 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
Go Botany
FNA
Tropicos
BONAP
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Amelanchier hybrids

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Amelanchier
Genus Amelanchier Medik. Serviceberry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 F.G.Schroed.
  Amelanchier arborea ×
  Amelanchier laevis
1869.  Amelanchier × canadensis  K.Koch (sensu auct.)
1906.  Amelanchier canadensis  var. scharnkeana  Asch. & Graebn.
1920. Amelanchier × grandiflora Rehder (nom. illeg.)
1920.  Amelanchier × grandiflora  f. rubescens  Rehder
1958.  Amelanchier × confusa  Dandy
1968. Amelanchier × lamarckii  F.G.Schroed.
1968.  Amelanchier lamarckii  var. scharnkeana  (Asch. & Graebn.) F.G.Schroed.
1976.  Amelanchier arborea  ssp. grandiflora  P.Landry
Juneberry ⓘ
Showy Mespilus ⓘ
Showy Mespil ⓘ
Large-flowered shadbush ⓘ
Native from
 NY & VT,
No specimens 		 
NYFA:
NYFA: 1 specimen
iNat
Kings (2023)
WFO
POWO
Images
Wikispecies
 Eggl. ex K.R.Cushman et al.
  Amelanchier bartramiana ×
  Amelanchier laevis
1916.  Amelanchier canadensis  var. pauciflora  Farw.
2017. Amelanchier × neglecta Eggl. ex K.R.Cushman et al.
Hidden shadbush ⓘ
Hybrid mountain & smooth shadbush ⓘ
Native,
No specimens 		 
NYFA: N
NYFA: Franklin, Madison
iNat
St. Lawrence (?)
POWO
Images
Wikispecies
  Amelanchier amabilis ×
  Amelanchier arborea
    
    
    
Hybrid lovely & downy shadbush ⓘ
Native,
No specimens 		 
NYFA:
NYFA: Cayuga (2006)
Images
Wikispecies
  Amelanchier alnifolia ×
  Amelanchier amabilis
    
    
    
Hybrid low & lovely shadbush ⓘ
Native,
No specimens,
SNA, GNA 		 
NYFA: U
NYFA: Cayuga (2006)
Images
Wikispecies

Aronia

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Aronia melanocarpa
The genus Aronia was included in Photinia by Robertson et al. (1991), but Kalkman (2004) determined that the name Aronia should have priority. Based on the molecular phylogeny, Potter et al. (2007) then found that the two genera should be classified as distinct.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Aronia
Genus Aronia Chokeberry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) Elliott
1793.  Hahnia arbutifolia  var. nigra  Medik.
1799.  Pyrus arbutifolia  var. nigra  Willd.
1803.  Mespilus arbutifolia  var. melanocarpa  Michx.
1809.  Pyrus melanocarpa  (Michx.) Willd.
1821. Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott
1841.  Sorbus melanocarpa  Heynh.
1890.  Pyrus nigra  Sarg.
1893.  Aronia nigra  Koehne
1991.  Photinia melanocarpa  (Michx.) K.R.Robertson & J.B.Phipps
 Black chokeberry
Aronie à fruits noirs,
Aronia gueules-noires,
Aronia noir,
Gueules noires 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FAC
Perennial,
Shrub,
Sun - part shade 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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FNAFNA
Tropicos
BONAP
IPN
LBJ
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Wikispecies
 (L.) Pers.
1753. Mespilus arbutifolia L.
1782. Pyrus arbutifolia (L.) L.f.
1783. Crataegus pyrifolia Lam.
1806. Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers.
1841. Sorbus arbutifolia (L.) Heynh.
1991. Photinia pyrifolia (Lam.) K.R.Robertson & J.B.Phipps
 Red chokeberry
Aronie à feuilles d'arbousier,
Aronia à feuilles d'arbousier 		Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure
FACW
Perennial,
Shrub,
Sun 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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ARS-GRIN
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 (Marshall) Rehder (pro sp.)
  Aronia arbutifolia ×
  Aronia melanocarpa
1785.  Mespilus × prunifolia  Marshall
1790.  Mespilus amelanchier  var. prunifolia  (Marshall) Castigl.
1790.  Crataegus × prunifolia  (Marshall) Baumg.
1826.  Pyrus floribunda  Lindl.
1826.  Aronia × floribunda  (Lindl.) Sweet
1901.  Aronia atropurpurea  Britton
1938. Aronia × prunifolia  (Marshall) Rehder
1991.  Photinia × floribunda  (Lindl.) K.R.Robertson & J.B.Phipps
2018.  Pyrus × hippomenes  M.F.Fay & Christenh.
 Purple chokeberry
Aronie à feuilles de prunier,
Arone noire 		Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure
FACW
Perennial,
Shrub 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
POWO
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VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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FNA
Tropicos
BONAP
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Pourthiaea

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Pourthiaea villosa
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Pourthiaea
Genus Pourthiaea Decne. Chokeberry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Thunb.) Decne.
1784.  Crataegus villosa  Thunb.
1784.  Crataegus laevis  Thunb.
1798.  Mespilus villosa  (Thunb.) Poir.
1825. Photinia villosa  (Thunb.) DC.
1873.  Photinia arguta  var. villosa  (Thunb.) Wenz.
1874. Pourthiaea villosa  (Thunb.) Decne.
1899.  Pourthiaea variabilis  Palib.
1915.  Crataegus cavaleriei  H.Lév. & Vaniot
1925.  Photinia laevis  var. villosa  (Thunb.) Koidz.
2018.  Pyrus villosa  (Thunb.) M.F.Fay & Christenh.
Oriental redtip ⓘ
Oriental photinia ⓘ
Christmas Berry ⓘ
Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR
Perennial,
Shrub, tree 		 
NYFA: X
NYFA: 7 counties
iNat
0 counties
USDA-X0
POWO
ARS-GRIN
FNA
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Crataegus

edit
 
Crataegus submollis
There are about fifty hawthorn taxa listed for New York, and most are considered to be natives to New York State.

The subgeneric system used here for hawthorns is from the Canadensys Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Their data is based in part on the Flora of North America north of Mexico, Vol. 9, (in prep).

Crataegus sect. Coccineae

edit
 
Crataegus macrosperma
Section Coccineae correspond to the primary North American Crataegus clade, containing 20 series.[1]
  1. ↑ James B. Phipps (2021). Crataegus sect. Coccineae in Flora of North America. Volume 9. Flora of North America Association.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Crataegus subg.   sect. Coccineae
Genus Crataegus ser. Coccineae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 var. coccinea
1753.  Crataegus coccinea  L. in…
1901.  Crataegus pedicellata  Sarg. in…
1908.  Crataegus aulica  Sarg. in…
1908.  Crataegus letchworthiana  Sarg. in…
 Scarlet hawthorn,
Red-fruited hawthorn,
Red haw
Aubépine écarlate,
Épine écarlate 		Native, CoC: 2,
Likely secure,
S4, G5
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
COL
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 L.
var. pringlei (Sarg.) J.A.Macklin & J.B.Phipps
1901. Crataegus pringlei Sarg.
1901. Crataegus lobulata Sarg.
1903. Crataegus exclusa Sarg.
1908. Crataegus pringlei  var. lobulata  (Sarg.) Eggl.
1908. Crataegus pringlei  var. exclusa  (Sarg.) Eggl.
1920. Crataegus pedicellata  var. gloriosa  (Sarg.) Sarg.
2007. Crataegus coccinea  var. pringlei  J.A.Macklin & J.B.Phipps
Pringle's hawthorn ⓘ
Aubépine de Pringle
Native,
Threatened 		 
NYFA: 2?
USDA-NN
COL
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 L.
var. fulleriana (Sarg.) J.A.Macklin & J.B.Phipps
1903. Crataegus fulleriana Sarg.
1908. Crataegus chippewaensis Sarg.
1908. Crataegus confragosa Sarg.
1923. Crataegus illecebrosa Sarg.
2011. Crataegus coccinea  var. fulleriana  J.A.Macklin & J.B.Phipps
 Fuller's hawthorn
Aubépine de Fuller 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-NN
COL
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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 Ashe
1900. Crataegus holmesiana Ashe
1901. Crataegus (×) anomala Sarg.
1901. Crataegus arnoldiana Sarg.
1901. C. holmesianavar. villipes Ashe
1903. Crataegus villipes Ashe
1908. Crataegus tardipes Sarg.
1920. C. holmesianavar. tardipes Sarg.
 Holmes' hawthorn,
Arnold hawthorn
Aubépine de Holmes,
Aubépine anormale 		Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1?
USDA-N0
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 Sarg.
1902. Crataegus corusca Sarg.
1903. Crataegus magniflora Sarg.
1903. Crataegus hillii Sarg.
1908. Crataegus dayana Sarg.
1908. Crataegus macounii Sarg.
1969. Crataegus fullerianavar. magniflora
J.S.Pringle
 Shining-branch hawthorn,
Gleaming hawthorn,
Broad-leaved hawthorn
Aubépine à grandes fleurs,
Aubépine à rameaux luisants 		Native,
Unranked
USDA-NN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Crataegus ser. Rotundifoliae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Ashe
var. chrysocarpa
1900. Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe
 Fireberry hawthorn,
Fire hawthorn,
Northern hawthorn
Aubépine dorée 		Native, CoC: 2,
Likely secure
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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 Ashe
var. virgintistamina
    Crataegus chrysocarpa
var. virgintistamina
 Fireberry hawthorn,
Fire hawthorn,
Northern hawthorn
Aubépine dorée 		Native, CoC: 2,
Unranked
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: U
USDA-NN
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 Sarg.
1903. Crataegus irrasa Sarg.
1907. Crataegus noveboracensis Sarg.
1907. Crataegus oakesiana Eggl.
1923. Crataegus mansfieldensis Sarg.
 Blanchard hawthorn,
Blanchard's hawthorn
Aubépine pubérulente 		Native, CoC: 2,
Endangered
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
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Genus Crataegus ser. Tenuifoliae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Ashe
1900. Crataegus macrosperma Ashe
1900. Crataegus roanensis Ashe
1901. Crataegus acutiloba Sarg.
1901. Crataegus matura Sarg.
1901. Crataegus pastorum Sarg.
1902. Crataegus brumalis Ashe
1903. Crataegus demissa Sarg.
 Big-fruit hawthorn,
Earlythorn,
Variable hawthorn
Aubépine à lobes aigus 		Native, CoC: 2,
Secure
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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(Bosc ex Spach) K.Koch
1853. Crataegus flabellata K.Koch
1901. C. densiflora Sarg.
nom. illeg.
1908. C. grayana Eggl.
1946. C. flabellatavar. grayana E.J.Palmer
 Fan-leaf hawthorn,
Gray's hawthorn
Aubépine flabelliforme 		Native, CoC: 2,
Endangered
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
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 Ashe
var. schuettei
    Crataegus schuettei Ashe
    Crataegus basilica Beadle
    
 Schuette's hawthorn,
Royal hawthorn 		Native, CoC: 2,
Endangered
Aubépine de Schuette
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
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 Ashe
 = C. macrosperma (GRIN) 
1903. Crataegus prona Ashe
1904. Crataegus gravis Ashe
 Illinois hawthorn Native, CoC: 2,
Unranked
Perennial,
Tree
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
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 Sarg.
 = C. macrosperma (USDA) 
1903. Crataegus fluviatilis Sarg.
1903. Crataegus apiomorpha Sarg.
1903. Crataegus cyanophylla Sarg.
1965. C. roanensisvar. fluviatilis Kruschke
1965. C. apiomorphavar. cyanophylla Kruschke
 River hawthorn,
Fort Sheridan hawthorn
Aubépine fluviatile 		Native, CoC: 2,
Unranked
Perennial,
Tree
NYFA: U
USDA-NN
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Genus Crataegus ser. Punctatae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Jacq. (1770)
C. fastosa Sarg.
 Dotted hawthorn,
Hillside hawthorn
Aubépine ponctuée 		Native,
Likely secure 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Sarg. (1901 "jonesae")
    C. harryi Sarg.
    C. laurentiana Sarg.
 Jones' hawthorn,
Miss Jones' hawthorn
Aubépine de Jones 		Native,
Unranked 		 
NYFA: U
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Wikispecies
Genus Crataegus ser. Molles Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg. (1901)
    C. canadensis Sarg.
    C. arnoldiana Sarg.
    C. champlainensis Sarg.
 Champlainthorn,
Quebec hawthorn
Aubépine subsoyeuse 		Native,
Vulnerable 		 
NYFA: 3?
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
(Torr. & A. Gray) Scheele (1848)
 Arnold's hawthorn,
Downy hawthorn 		Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Genus Crataegus ser. Silvicolae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Wendl.f.) K.Koch (1853)
 Frosted hawthorn,
Frostythorn,
Waxyfruit hawthorn,
Waxy-fruited hawthorn 		Native,
Likely secure 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Images
Wikispecies
 Sarg. (1903)
    C. filipes Ashe
    C. dissonavar. bellula
 Jesup's hawthorn,
Jesup's-thorn 		Native,
Threatened
NYFA: 2?
USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
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 Sarg. (1903)
    Crataegus populnea Ashe
    C. iracundavar. populnea
 Adorned hawthorn
Aubépine faux-peuplier 		Native,
Endangered
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
ITIS
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 Beadle (1902)
C. beckwithiae. Sarg.
C. stolonifera. Sarg.
 Stolonbearing hawthorn Native,
No recent reports 		 
NYFA: Z
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Sarg. (1901)
 Caughuawaga hawthorn Native,
Endangered
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Wikispecies
Genus Crataegus interserial hybrids Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg.
  C. pruinosa (ser. Silvicolae) ×
  C. punctata (ser. Punctatae)
 Hybrid of
 Frosted hawthorn &
 Dotted hawthorn 		Native,
Endangered
NYFA: 1?
Images
Wikispecies
 Ashe (pro sp.)
  C. chrysocarpa (ser. Rotundifoliae) ×
  C. pruinosa (ser. Silvicolae)
 Hybrid of
 Fireberry hawthorn &
 Frosted hawthorn 		Native,
Endangered
NYFA: 1?
USDA-N0
ITIS
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 Sarg.
  C. chrysocarpa (ser. Rotundifoliae) ×
  C. macrosperma (ser. Tenuifoliae)
 Hybrid of
 Fireberry hawthorn &
 Big-fruit hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
ITIS
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 Sarg. (pro sp.)
  C. flabellata (ser. Tenuifoliae) ×
  C. punctata (ser. Punctatae)
 Hybrid of
 Fan-leaf hawthorn &
 Dotted hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
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C. macrosperma × pruinosa
  C. macrosperma (ser. Tenuifoliae) ×
  C. pruinosa (ser. Silvicolae)
 Hybrid of
 Big-fruit hawthorn &
 Frosted hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
 Sarg.
   ser. Tenuifoliae ×
   ser. Coccineae
1901. Crataegus lucorum Sarg.
1905. Crataegus insolens Sarg.
1908. Crataegus lucorumvar. insolens Eggl.
1913. Crataegus knieskerniana Sarg.
 Grove hawthorn Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
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Crataegus sect. Crataegus

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Crataegus sect. Crataegus
Genus Crataegus ser. Dilatatae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Ashe (1899)
 Kansas hawthorn Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1?
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Genus Crataegus ser. Crus-galli Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Crataegus crus-galli L.
1784. Crataegus salicifolia Medik.
1902. Crataegus regalis Beadle
 Cockspur,
Cockspurthorn,
Cockspur hawthorn,
Newcastle thorn,
Bush hawthorn
Aubépine ergot-de-coq 		Native,
Secure 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
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Torr. & A.Gray (1840)
 Barberry hawthorn Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-N
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Crataegus ser. Parvifoliae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Münchh. (1770)
 Dwarf hawthorn,
One-flower hawthorn 		Native,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[1] 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
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Genus Crataegus ser. Intricatae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Lange
1895. Crataegus intricata Lange
1902. Crataegus foetida Ashe
 Copenhagen hawthorn,
Lange's-thorn,
Thicket hawthorn,
Biltmore hawthorn
Aubépine intriquée 		Native,
Threatened 		 
NYFA: 2
USDA-N
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 Beadle
1899. Crataegus biltmoreana Beadle
2011. Crataegus intricatavar. biltmoreana
R.W.Lance
 Biltmore hawthorn Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1?
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Genus Crataegus ser. Montaninsulae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg. (1903)
 Dunbar's hawthorn Native,
Endangered 		 
NYFA: 1
USDA-N
Images
Wikispecies
 Ashe
 Spreading hawthorn Native,
Endangered
NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
 Sarg.
    Crataegus brunetiana
    C. laurentianavar. brunetiana
    C. laurentianavar. dissimilifolia
 Laurentian hawthorn Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
 Sarg.
Crataegus beata. var. opulens
 Rochester hawthorn Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
ITIS
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Genus Crataegus ser. Cordatae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.f.) Medik.
1757. Mespilus cordata Mill. nom. rej.
1781. Mespilus phaenopyrum L.f.
1788. Crataegus populifolia Walter
1789. Crataegus cordata Aiton
1793. Crataegus phaenopyrum Medik.
 Washington hawthorn
Aubépine petit-corail,
Aubépine de Washington 		Introduced,
US South native 		 
NYFA: unk
USDA-NX
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Genus Crataegus ser. Crataegus Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Jacq.
1775. Crataegus monogyna Jacq.
1838. C. oxyacanthavar. praecox hort.
 Common hawthorn,
English hawthorn,
Oneseed hawthorn,
Single-seed hawthorn
Aubépine monogyne 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
CP-5[2] IPA 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 (Poir.) DC.
    Crataegus oxyacanthoides Thuillier
    Crataegus palmstruchii Lindman
    Mespilus laevigata Poiret
 Smooth hawthorn,
English hawthorn,
Midland hawthorn
Aubépine épineuse,
Aubépine à deux styles 		Introduced,
from Eurasia 		 
USDA-X
VASCAN
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Crataegus uniflora. Endangered, S1/G5.
  2. ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)

Crataegus sect. Macracanthae

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Crataegus sect. Macracanthae
Genus Crataegus ser. Macracanthae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Ehrh.) Medik.
1788. Mespilus calpodendron Ehrh.
1793. Crataegus calpodendron Medik.
1908. Crataegus hispidula Sarg.
1935. C. calpodendronvar. hispidula
E.J.Palmer
 Pear hawthorn,
Blackthorn hawthorn,
Urn-fruit hawthorn
Aubépine à fruits piriformes,
Aubépine tomenteuse 		Native,
Likely secure 		 
NYFA: 4?
USDA-NN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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Schrad. ex Link (1831)
 Fleshy hawthorn,
Long-spine hawthorn,
Succulent hawthorn 		Native,
Likely secure 		 
NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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Lodd. ex Loudon
var. macracantha
1838. C. macracantha Lodd. ex Loudon
1874. Mespilus macracantha Wenz.
1886. C. coccineavar. macracantha Dudley
1921. C. succulentavar. macracantha Eggl.
 Long-thorned hawthorn
Aubépine à épines longues 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-NN
VASCAN
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var. occidentalis
    C. succulentavar. divida
    C. succulentavar. occidentalis
    C. succulentavar. rhombifolia
    C. succulenta occidentalis
 Large-thorn hawthorn Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 Sarg.
 Menands hawthorn Native,
No recent reports
NYFA: Z
USDA-N0
ITIS
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Wikispecies
Genus Crataegus ser. Brainerdianae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg.
1901. Crataegus brainerdii Sarg.
1905. Crataegus seelyana Sarg.
1913. Crataegus shirleyensis Sarg.
1915. Oxyacantha brainerdii Nieuwl.
 Brainerd hawthorn,
Brainerd's hawthorn
Aubépine de Brainerd 		Native,
Vulnerable 		 
NYFA: 3
USDA-NN
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 Sarg.
1901. Crataegus scabrida Sarg.
1908. C. brainerdiivar. scabrida Eggl.
 Rough hawthorn,
Scabrid hawthorn 		Native,
Vulnerable
NYFA: 3?
USDA-NN
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Genus Crataegus interserial hybrids Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg. (pro sp.)
  Crataegus scabrida ×
  Crataegus succulenta
 Hybrid of
 Rough hawthorn &
 Fleshy hawthorn 		Native,
Endangered
NYFA: 1?
USDA-N0
ITIS
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 Sarg. (pro sp.)
  Crataegus brainerdii ×
  Crataegus succulenta
 Hybrid of
 hawthorn &
 hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
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Crataegus sect. Virides

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Crataegus sect. Virides
Genus Crataegus sect. Virides Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Crataegus viridis L.
1908. Crataegus dawsoniana Sarg.
 Green hawthorn,
Green haw,
Southernthorn 		Introduced,
US South native,
No NY reports,
Cultivated 		 
NYFA: 0
USDA-N0
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Crataegus inter-sectional hybrids

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Crataegus — inter-sectional hybrids
Genus Crataegus sect. Coccineae × Crataegus Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Peck (pro sp. 1910)
  C. pruinosa (sect. Coccineae) ×
  C. intricata (sect. Crataegus)
 Hybrid of
 Copenhagen hawthorn &
 Frosted hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
ITIS
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C. monogyna × punctata
  C. punctata (sect. Coccineae) ×
  C. monogyna (sect. Crataegus)
 Hybrid of
 English hawthorn &
 Dotted hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Crataegus sect. Coccineae × Macracanthae Hawthorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sarg. (pro sp.)
  C. crus-galli (sect. Crataegus) ×
  C. succulenta (sect. Macracanthae)
1798. Mespilus prunifolia Poir. illeg-hom.
1806. C. prunifolia Pers, illeg-hom.
1840. C. crus-gallivar. prunifolia Torr. & A.Gray
1903. Crataegus persimilis Sarg.
1908. Crataegus cerasina Sarg.
 Plumleaf hawthorn,
Plum-leaved hawthorn,
Broadleaf cockspurthorn
Aubépine à feuilles de prunier 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: 0
USDA-NN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
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Sarg. (pro sp.)
  C. macrosperma (sect. Coccineae) ×
  C. brainerdii (sect. Macracanthae)
 Hybrid of
 Brainerd hawthorn &
 Big-fruit hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
C. macrosperma × succulenta
  C. macrosperma (sect. Coccineae) ×
  C. succulenta (sect. Macracanthae)
 Hybrid of
 Big-fruit hawthorn &
 Fleshy hawthorn 		Native,
Unranked
NYFA: U
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Sorbus

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The mountain-ash trees in the genus Sorbus are not closely related to the ash trees of the genus Fraxinus and as such are not subject to the ravages of the emerald ash borer. The use of the term "ash" is probably due to the superfical similarity of the compound leaves. The mountain-ashes are more closely related to the hawthorns, apples and crabapples, which are also in the Maleae tribe.

Sorbus sect. Sorbus

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Sorbus americana
There are two native mountain-ash trees in New York.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Sorbus sect. Commixtae
Genus Sorbus sect. Commixtae Mountain-ash N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Marshall
1785.  Sorbus americana  Marshall in…
1806.  Sorbus aucuparia  var. americana  (Marshall) Pers.  in…
1825.  Pyrus microcarpa  (Pursh) DC. in…
1825.  Pyrus americana  (Marshall) DC. in…
1825.  Pyrus microcarpa  (Pursh) Spreng. in…
1840.  Pyrus americana  var. microcarpa  (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray  in…
1868.  Crataegus americana  (Marshall) Chalon in…
1914.  Pyrus americana  ssp. microcarpa  (Pursh) Juel, Cedergr. & Örtendahl  in…
1915.  Aucuparia americana  (Marshall) Nieuwl. in…
 American mountain-ash,
Mountain-ash
Sorbier d'Amérique 		Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Tree, Shrub 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
POWO
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 (Sarg.) C.K.Schneid.
1825. Pyrus americana DC.
1902. Pyrus americana  var. decora  Sarg.
1906. Sorbus americana  var. groenlandica  C.K.Schneid.
1906. Sorbus decora C.K.Schneid.
1943. Pyrus decora (Sarg.) Hyl.
1974. Pyrus groenlandica K.R.Robertson
 Northern mountain-ash,
Showy mountain-ash 		Native, CoC: 9,
Secure,
S5
FACU
Perennial,
Tree, Shrub 		 
NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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Sorbus sect. Commixtae

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Sorbus aucuparia
The European mountain-ash, or rowan, is a commonly-planted ornamental tree that does naturalize in New York State. European mountain-ash trees can be distinguished from the American species by the long villous hairs on the undersides of the leaves as well as on the twigs and bud scales of the European species.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Sorbus sect. Commixtae
Genus Sorbus sect. Sorbus Mountain-ash N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 ssp. aucuparia
1753.  Sorbus aucuparia  L. in…
1771.  Mespilus aucuparia  (L.) Scop. in…
1790.  Pyrus aucuparia  (L.) Gaertn. in…
1793.  Aucuparia silvestris  Medik. in…
1796.  Crataegus aucuparia  (L.) Salisb. in…
1811.  Pyrenia aucuparia  (L.) Clairv. in…
1868.  Aucuparia pinnata  Fourr. in…
1892.  Sorbus aucuparia typica Beck in…
1906.  Pyrus aucuparia  var. typica  (C.K.Schneid.) Asch. & Graebn.  in…
1913.  Sorbus aucuparia  ssp. euaucuparia  Briq.  in…
2018.  Pyrus altaica  (Koehne) M.F.Fay & Christenh. in…
2018.  Pyrus anadyrensis  (Kom.) M.F.Fay & Christenh. in…
2018.  Pyrus boissieri  (C.K.Schneid.) M.F.Fay & Christenh. in…
European mountain ash ⓘ
Rowan
Rowan-berry
Sorbier des oiseleurs
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
IPA-US, WoW,
Cultivated,
Naturalized,
SNA, G5
Perennial,
Tree, shrub 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
POWO
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Malus

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Malus contains the apples and crabapples, one species of which (the sweet crabapple) is considered to be native to New York.

Malus sect. Chloromeles

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Malus coronaria
The sweet crabapple (Malus coronaria) has in the past been treated as a number of separate taxa, but most modern sources treat them as a single species. This is the only New York native crabapple and probably the only North American native crabapple found in the wild in New York. The native crabapple is not widely planted due to its susceptibility to cedar-apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperivirginianae), cedar-quince rust (G. clavipes), and cedar-hawthorn rust (G. globosum).
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malus sect. Chloromeles
Genus Malus sect. Chloromeles Sweet crabapple N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Mill.
1753. Pyrus coronaria L.
1768. Malus coronaria (L.) Mill.
1892. Sorbus coronaria (L.) MacMill.
1911. M. glaucescens Rehder
1911. M. lancifolia Rehder
1913. M. bracteata Sarg.
1916. P. glaucescens L.H.Bailey
1918. M. carolinensis Ashe
1920. M. coronaria  var. dasycalyx  Rehder
1947. P. coronaria  var. dasycalyx  Fernald
1983. M. coronaria  var. glaucescens  Likhonos
Wild crab apple ⓘ
Sweet crabapple ⓘ
Sweet crab apple ⓘ
Fragrant crabapple
American crabapple
American crab
Narrow-leaved crabapple
Garland crabapple
Wild crabapple
Golden crabapple
Pommier odorant
Pommier américain
Native, CoC: 2,
Vulnerable
Perennial,
Strub-tree 		 
NYFA: 3?
USDA-NN
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Malus sect. Gymnomeles

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Malus baccata
Siberian crabapple (Malus baccata) is a popular ornamental tree and only occasionally escapes cultivation in New York.

Tea crabapple (Malus hupehensis) wasn't collected in New York State until 2015. As of 2021, it has been reported from all New York City counties.

Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malus sect. Gymnomeles
Genus Malus sect. Gymnomeles Crabapple N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Borkh.
1756. Pyrus baccata L.
1803. Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.
2018. Sinomalus baccata (L.) Rushforth
 Siberian crabapple,
Siberian crab-apple,
Flowering crabapple,
Chinese crabapple
Pommier de Sibérie,
Pommier sibérien,
Pommier à baies 		Introduced from
 eastern Asia,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS Tier: 2,
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [1],
Naturalized,
CP-4[1] 		  NYFA: 7 counties
iNat: 1 county
iMap: 2 counties
NYFA: X
iNat
USDA-XX
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 (Pamp.) Rehder
1915. Malus theifera Rehder
1916. Pyrus theifera (Rehder) L. H. Bailey
1933. Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder
2018. Sinomalus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rushforth
Tea crab apple ⓘ
Tea crabapple ⓘ
Hupeh crabapple ⓘ
Introduced from
 China,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS Tier: 2,
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [2],
Naturalized,
SNA 		  NYFA: 1 county
iNat: 5 counties
NYFA: Xn
iNat
GBIF
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
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 (Siebold) Siebold ex de Vriese
1848. Sorbus toringo Siebold
1856. Malus toringo (Siebold) Siebold ex de Vriese
1858. Pyrus sieboldii Regel
1867. Pyrus toringo (Siebold) Miq.
1915. Malus sieboldii Rehder
1915. Malus sargentii Rehder
2018. Sinomalus sieboldii (Regel) Rushforth
 Toringa crabapple,
Toringo crab
Pommier toringo,
Pommetier de Siebold
  arborescent 		Introduced from
 China, Japan, Korea,
Potentially invasive,
 NYIS Tier: 3,
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [3],
NJIST Target[2][3] 		 
NYFA: X
NYFA: 4 counties
iNat
7 counties
USDA-X0
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  1. ↑ Appendix 4. Plant species that are considered moderately invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  2. ↑ New Jersey Invasive Species Strike Team (2015) "Do not Plant List."
  3. ↑ NJ Status: Emerging Stage 2 - Common and spreading rapidly. It is highly threatening to natural plant communities. All detected occurrences should be eradicated. New Jersey Invasive Species Strike Team (2012) "Target Species Fact Sheets."

Malus sect. Malus

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Isaac Newton's apple tree
Section Malus contains the common domesticated apple (Malus pumila or Malus domestica) along with a number of Eurasian crabapples. Qian (2010) proposed conserving Malus domestica as the acceped name of the domesticated apple.[1] It is important to note that apples are extremely heterozygous, resulting in naturalized apples that bear little resemblance to domestic apples, which are generally propagated by grafting.[2] So the presence of apples in the wild that look and taste like cultivated apples is usually the result of long-living planted apple trees being subsumed by the wild and not by apple seeds being spread into a natural area.[3]
  1. ↑ Guan-Ze Qian, Lian-Fen Liu and Geng-Guo Tang (2010). "(1933) Proposal to conserve the name Malus domestica against M. pumila, M. communis, M. frutescens, and Pyrus dioica (Rosaceae)." Taxon, Vol. 59, No. 2 (April 2010), pp. 650-652.
  2. ↑ Pollan, Michael (2001-06-12). The Botany of Desire: A Plant's-Eye View of the World (Kindle Location 315). Random House Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.
  3. ↑ "Malus pumila." Flora of North America, Vol. 9.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malus sect. Malus
Genus Malus sect. Malus Apple & crabapple N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Suckow) Borkh.
1753. Pyrus malus L.
1753. Pyrus malus  var. sylvestris  L.
1768. Malus pumila Mill.
1768. Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.
1798. Malus communis Desf.
1803. Malus domestica Borkh.
1821. Pyrus pumila K.Koch
1821. Pyrus sylvestris Gray
 Cultivated apple,
Orchard apple,
Paradise apple,
European crabapple
Pommier commun,
Pommier cultivé,
Pommier paradis,
Pommier nain,
Pommier sauvage 		Introduced from
 Europe,
Highly invasive,
Naturalized,
CP-4[1] 		 
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 (Willd.) Borkh.
1794. Pyrus prunifolia Willd.
1803. Malus prunifolia Borkh.
 Pear-leaved crabapple,
Plum-leaved crabapple,
Plumleaf apple,
Chinese apple,
Chinese crabapple
Pommier à feuilles
  de prunier 		Introduced from
 China,
Potentially invasive,
CP-5[2] 		  Bronx, Oswego, Rensselaer
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 Siebold ex Van Houtte
1864. Pyrus floribunda G.Kirchn.
1865. Malus floribunda Siebold ex Van Houtte
1906. Pyrus pulcherrima Asch. & Graebn.
2018. Sinomalus sieboldii (Regel) Rushforth
 Japanese flowering
  crabapple,
Japanese crab apple,
Japanese crab 		Introduced from
 East Asia,
Potentially invasive,
CP-4[1] 		  Bronx
NYFA: X
USDA-X0
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Genus Malus sect. Malus (excluded taxa) Apple & crabapple N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Malus prunifolia × pumila
  Malus prunifolia ×
  Malus pumila
 Hybrid of
 cultivated apple &
 plumleaf crabapple 		Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
CP-5[2] 		 
NYFA-Excluded
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  1. ↑ a b Appendix 4. Plant species that are considered moderately invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  2. ↑ a b Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)

Pyrus

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Pyrus communis
common pear
Pyrus contains two species of pears that have naturalized in New York. The common pear (Pyrus communis) is grown for its fruit and occasionally escapes or persists from cultivation. The Bradford or Callery pear is widely planted as an ornamental tree, but has been found to naturalize in some locations, particularly in Suffolk County.
Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Pyrus
Genus Pyrus Pear N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Pyrus communis L.
    Pyrus sativa DC.
    Pyrus caucasica Fed.
    Pyrus pyraster (L.) Du Roi
 Pear,
Common pear,
Poirier 		Introduced from
 eastern Asia,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized 		 
NYFA: X
NYFA: 15 counties
10 counties
USDA-XX
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1872. Pyrus calleryana Decne.
1911. Pyrus kawakamii Hayata
1920. P. calleryanafo. graciliflora Rehder
1920. P. calleryanafo. tomentella Rehder
 Bradford pear,
Callery pear 		Introduced from
 Asia,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 65%[1],
NYS Tier 4,
CP-5[2],
NPS 		  Orange, Suffolk
NYFA: X
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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Pyrus calleryana: Moderate (65).
  2. ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)

Cydonia

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Cydonia
Genus Cydonia Quince N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Mill.
1753. Pyrus cydonia L.
1768. Cydonia oblonga Mill.
1806. Cydonia vulgaris Pers.
 Common quince
Cognassier,
Coing 		Introduced from
 temperate Asia 		  Dutchess, Orange, Rockland, Tompkins
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Chaenomeles

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Chaenomeles
Genus Chaenomeles Flowering quince N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach
1780.  Pyrus japonica  Thunb. in…
1806.  Cydonia japonica  (Thunb.) Pers. in…
1834.  Chaenomeles japonica  (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach in…
1869.  Aronia japonica  (Thunb.) K.Koch in…
1900.  Cydonia sargentii  Lemoine in…
 Japanese flowering quince,
Maule's quince
Cognassier du Japon 		Introduced from
 Japan, Korea 		  Albany, Cattaraugus, Chemung, Ontario
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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(Sweet) Nakai (1929)
    Chaenomeles lagenaria
    Cydonia speciosa Sweet
 Chinese quince,
Flowering quince,
Japanese quince 		Introduced from
 Asia 		  Dutchess, Otsego
NYFA: X
USDA-X0
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Pyracantha

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Malinae — Pyracantha
Genus Pyracantha Firethorn N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 M.Roem.
1753. Mespilus pyracantha L.
1793. Crataegus pyracantha Medik.
1834. Cotoneaster pyracantha Spach
1847. Pyracantha coccinea Roemer
 Scarlet firethorn Introduced,
from Eurasia 		  Otsego, Rockland
NYFA: X
USDA-XN
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Cotoneaster

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Rosales — Rosaceae — Amygdaloideae — Maleae — Cotoneaster
Genus Cotoneaster Cotoneaster N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Flinck & B. Hylmö
    Cotoneaster atropurpureus in…
Purple-flowered cotoneaster ⓘ
Introduced,
Not naturalized 		 
  		Ulster only
NYFA: Xm
USDA-
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(Franch.) G. Klotz
    Cotoneaster cochleatus in…
Yunnan cotoneaster ⓘ
Introduced,
Not naturalized 		 
  		Orange only
NYFA: Xm
USDA-
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Rehder & E.H. Wilson
    Cotoneaster divaricatus in…
Spreading cotoneaster ⓘ
Introduced,
Naturalization unknown 		  Orange only
NYFA: Xu
USDA-X0
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Genus Cotoneaster (excluded taxa) Cotoneaster N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pamp.
1910. Cotoneaster silvestrii Pamp.
1912. C. hupehensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson
1917. C. racemiflorusvar. veitchii
Rehder & E.H.Wilson
1957. C. veitchii G.Klotz
1963. C. kangtinensis G.Klotz
 Hupeh cotoneaster,
Many-flowered cotoneaster,
Redbead Cotoneaster 		Introduced from
 China,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
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 Boiss.
1904. Cotoneaster adpressa Bois
 Creeping cotoneaster,
Cotonéaster rampant 		Introduced from
 Asia,
N.Y. excluded 		 
NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
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