Flora of New York/Caryophyllales 1


Santalales:
Santalaceae
Flora of New York — Caryophyllales 1: : Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae
Caryophyllales 2:
Caryophyllaceae
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


Caryophyllales introduction edit

The order Caryophyllales[1]

Family Droseraceae edit

The Droseraceae (sundew family) ...[1]
  1. Droseraceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

Drosera edit

 
Drosera intermedia
spatulate-leaved sundew

Caryophyllales — Droseraceae — Drosera
Genus Drosera Sundew N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Hayne

1753. Drosera longifolia L. p.p.
1801. Drosera intermedia Hayne
1809. Drosera americana Willd.
1824. Drosera intermedia
var. americana (Willd.) DC.
1915. Rorella intermedia Nieuwl.
Spoon-leaved sundew,
Spoonleaf sundew,
Oblong-leaf sundew,
Spatulate-leaved sundew
Droséra intermédiaire,
Rossolis intermédiaire,
Rossolis à feuille longue
Native,
Likely secure

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 4

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 L.
var. rotundifolia

Round-leaved sundew,
Roundleaf sundew
Native,
Likely secure

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 4

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 L.
var. comosa

Round-leaved sundew Native,
Unranked

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: U

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 Raf.

Thread-leaved sundew Native,
Vulnerable

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 3

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Aldrovanda edit

 
Aldrovanda vesiculosa
Although the waterwheel plant is listed as endangered globally it is considered potentially invasive in the Northeast, where this carnivorous aquatic plant has been introduced into private ponds by hobbyists and probably transported into the wild on the feet of birds.[1]
Caryophyllales — Droseraceae — Aldrovanda
Genus Aldrovanda waterwheel plant N.Y. Status Images Distribution  NPT
L.

1753. Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.
1753. Aldrovanda verticillata Roxb.
1753. Drosera aldrovanda F.Muell.
1819. Ruelingia polyphylla Haw.
1826. Anacampseros polyphylla (Haw.) Sweet
1876. Aldrovanda vesiculosa  var. verticillata  (Roxb.) Darwin
1902. Aldrovanda generalis E.H.L.Krause
Waterwheel plant
Waterwheel
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [1],
Naturalized,
SNA
 
NYFA: Xn
NYFA: Orange (2013)
iNat
GBIF
no observations

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Family Tamaricaceae edit

Some sources still list the Tamaricaceae (tamarisk family) as part of the Violales.[1]
  1. Tamaricaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

Tamarix edit

 
Tamarix parviflora
Several tamarisk or saltcedar (Tamarix) species are considered invasive in North America, and they can be difficult to distinguish from one another.[1] The New York Flora Atlas lists Tamarix parviflora as naturalized in Suffolk County. iNaturalist shows a 2020 observation of Tamarix parviflora on Shelter Island, but it had only been confirmed to genus level as of 2022.[2]
Caryophyllales — Tamaricaceae — Tamarix
Genus Tamarix Tamarisk N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
DC.

1828. Tamarix parviflora DC.
1827. Tamarix laxa  var. subspicata  Ehrenb.
1852. Tamarix cretica Bunge
1907. Tamarix rubella Batt.
1928. Tamarix lucronensis
Sennen & Hermano Elias
Small-flowered tamarisk
Smallflower tamarisk
Saltcedar

Introduced from
 southeast Europe,
 western Asia,
 northern Africa,
Naturalized
 
NYFA: U
NYFA: Suffolk (2012)
Suffolk (2020)

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Family Plumbaginaceae edit

The Plumbaginaceae (leadwort or Plumbago family)

Subfamily Limonioideae edit

Tribe Limonieae edit

Limonium edit
 
Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Britton
sea-lavender
The genus Limonium is generally known as sea lavender or statice. But it's not related to lavender (Lavandula), which is in the Lamiaceae (mint family).

Limonium carolinianum is reported as secure in salt marshes along the New York Atlantic Coast.

According to the Flora of North America, although Limonium leptostachyum was reported from New York by R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker (1997), it's doubtful that it could naturalize New York.[1]


Caryophyllales — Plumbaginaceae — Limonioideae — Limonieae — Limonium
Genus Limonium Sea lavender N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Walter) Britton

Sea-lavender
American thrift
Lavender thrift
Seaside thrift
Canker root
Ink root
Marsh root
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
  Bronx, Kings, Nassau, New York, Queens, Richmond, Suffolk, Westchester
NYFA: 5

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(Boiss.) Kuntze

    Statice leptostachya Boiss.
    Limonium leptostachyumin…
Statice Introduced from
 central Asia,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized,
SNA

Perennial,
Herb-forb
Westchester (1898)
NYFA: X

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Armeria edit
 
Armeria maritima
Armeria maritima is native to coastal regions throughout the northern hemisphere but has not been known to naturalize in New York. Its North American distribution is primarily along the west coast, but there is a fairly significant population near Lehigh Gap, Palmerton, Pennsylvania, where it was used for remediation in test plots downwind from zinc smelters that severely damaged the forest on top of Blue Mountain.
Caryophyllales — Plumbaginaceae — Limonioideae — Limonieae — Armeria
Genus Armeria (excluded taxa) Thrift N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Mill.) Willd.
ssp. sibirica (Turcz.) Nyman

1844. Armeria labradorica Wallr.
1848. Armeria sibirica Turcz. ex Boiss.
1881. Armeria maritima  ssp. sibirica  (Turcz.) Nyman
1948. Armeria maritima  ssp. labradorica  (Wallr.) Hultén
1993. Armeria labradorica  ssp. sibirica  (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Kamelin
Siberian sea thrift

N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Subfamily Staticoideae edit

Tribe Staticeae edit

Psylliostachys edit
 
Limonium suworowii

Caryophyllales — Plumbaginaceae — Staticoideae — Staticeae — Psylliostachys
Genus Psylliostachys Statice N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Regel) Roshkova

1880. Statice suworowii Regel
1891. Limonium suworowii (Regel) Kuntze
1916. Limonium superbum (Regel) F.T.Hubb. in…
1952. Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova
Russian-statice
Rat tail statice

Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Not naturalized
 
NYFA: Xm
NYFA: Tompkins (1926)
iNat
no counties

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Family Polygonaceae edit

The Polygonaceae (buckwheat family)

Subfamily Polygonoideae edit

The order in which Polygonoideae tribes are shown here has been modified somewhat from Reveal's system, based on phylogenic data shown in Schuster et al. (2013) "Age Estimates for the Buckwheat Family Polygonaceae Based on Sequence Data Calibrated by Fossils and with a Focus on the Amphi-Pacific Muehlenbeckia.

Tribe Persicarieae edit

Persicaria edit

Kim & Donoghue (2008). Molecular phylogeny of Persicaria (Persicarieae, Polygonaceae). Systematic Botany 33(1): pp. 77–86

Persicaria sect. Persicaria edit

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Persicaria
Genus Persicariasect. Persicaria Smartweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Delarbre

1753. Polygonum lapathifolium L.
1794. Polygonum scabrum Moench
1800. Persicaria lapathifoliain…
1966. Persicaria scabrain…
Dock-leaved smartweed
Pale smartweed
Willow-leaved smartweed
Curlytop knotweed
Curlytop smartweed
Pink knotweed
Willow-weed

Renouée à
feuilles de patience
Native, CoC: 1,
Unranked,
Circumboreal

FACW

Annual,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: U

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(L.) M.Gómez

1753. Polygonum pensylvanicum L.
1896. Persicaria pensylvanicain…
Pennsylvania smartweed
Renouée de Pennsylvanie
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure

OBL-FACW

Annual,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 5

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 (Elliott) Small

1817. Polygonum punctatum Elliott
1817. Pol. acre Kunth
1894. Pol. punctatum  var. robustius  Small
1903. Per. punctata Small
1903. Per. punctata  var. robustior  Small
1909. Per. robustior E.P.Bicknell
1921. Pol. robustius Fernald
1949. Pol. punctatum  var. majus  (Meisn.) Fassett
Dotted smartweed
Renouée ponctuée
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure

OBL

Annual, perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 5

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(Muhl. ex Willd.) Greene

1803. Pol. amphibiumvar. emersum
1808. Pol. inundatum Raf.
1809. Pol. coccineum Muhl. ex Willd.
1879. Pol. muehlenbergii S.Watson
1904. Pol. amphibiumvar. coccineum
1904. Per. coccinea
(Muhl. ex Willd.) Greene
1906. Per. muhlenbergii
(S.Watson) Small
1984. Per. amphibiavar. emersa
Scarlet smartweed,
Longroot smartweed
Native, CoC: 5,
Unranked

OBL

Perennial,
Forb-herb
 
NYFA: N

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 (L.) Delarbre
ssp. laevimarginata (Hult.) Soják

1803. Pol. amphibium  var. natans  Michx. (i)
1822. Pol. natans (Michx.) Eaton
1874. Pol. amphibium  var. stipulaceum  N.Coleman
1944. Pol. amphibium
ssp. laevimarginatum
1952. Per. amphibia  var. stipulacea  (Coleman) Hara
1974. Per. amphibia  ssp. laevimarginata  (Hultén) Soják
American water smartweed

Renouée amphibie
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Forb-herb
 
NYFA: 5

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(Michx.) Small

1803. Po. hydropiperoides Michx.
1892. Po. opelousanum
Riddell ex Small
1903. Pe. hydropiperoides Small
1903. Pe. opelousana Small
Swamp smartweed,
False water-pepper,
Mild water-pepper
Renouée
  faux-poivre-d'eau
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 5

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 (Olney) Greene

1847. Po. careyi Olney
1904. Pe. careyi (Olney) Greene
Carey's smartweed
Renouée de Carey
Native, CoC: 5,
Endangered

FACW

Annual,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 1-2

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(Baldwin) Small

1817. Po. setaceum Baldwin
1903. Pe. setacea (Baldwin) Small
Bog smartweed,
Swamp smartweed,
Bristly smartweed
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: 1-2

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(L.) Delarbre

1753. Polygonum hydropiper L.
1800. Pe. hydropiper Delarbre
1927. Po. hydropipervar. projectum
1943. Pe. hydropipervar. projecta
Marshpepper smartweed,
Water-pepper smartweed,
Redleaf
Renouée poivre-d'eau
Introduced from
 Europe
 
NYFA: X

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 (L.) Spach

1753. Polygonum orientale L.
1841. Persicaria orientalis Spach
1899. Polygonum spaethii Dammer
Kiss-me-over-
   the-garden-gate,
Prince's-feather,
Princess-feather
Renouée orientale
Introduced from
 Asia,
 Australia
 
NYFA: X

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 Gray

1753. Po. persicaria L.
1821. Pe. maculosa Gray
1903. Pe. persicaria Small
taut.
Spotted lady's-thumb,
Redshank, Heart's-ease,
Smartweed,
Jesusplant
Renouée persicaire,
Pied rouge
Introduced,
from Eurasia
 
NYFA: X

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(Vorosch.) Tzvelev

1984. Po. extremiorientale Vorosch.
1987. Pe. extremiorientalis
(Vorosch.) Tzvelev
Far eastern smartweed Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
[1]
 
NYFA: X

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(Bruijn) Kitag.

1854. Polygonum longisetum Bruijn
1930. Po. cespitosumvar. longisetum
1937. Pe. longiseta Kitag.
1941. Pe. longiseta Moldenke (i)
1987. Pe. caespitosavar. longiseta
Bristly lady's-thumb,
Creeping smartweed
Introduced,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 60%[2]
 
NYFA: X

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(Huds.) Opiz

    Polygonum minus  Huds.
    Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz
Small water pepper
Pygmy smartweed

Introduced from
 Eurasia

OBL
 
NYFA: Xn

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Genus Persicariasect. Persicaria (excluded taxa) Smartweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

    
    
    
Chinese knotweed
Chinese smartweed

Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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(Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross

1825. Polygonum posumbu
Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
1825. Po. cespitosum Blume
1913. Persicaria posumbu
(Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross
1934. Pe. cespitosa (Blume) Nakai
Tufted knotweed

Introduced,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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ssp. amphibia

    Persicaria amphibia
    
    

Introduced from
 Eurasia,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Persicaria amphibia ssp.
 laevimarginata × coccinea

Persicaria amphibia
     
ssp. laevimarginata ×
Persicaria coccinea

    
    
    
Hybrid of
 water smartweed &
 scarlet smartweed
Native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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  1. Daniel E. Atha, et. al. (2010) "Persicaria extremiorientalis (Polygonaceae) is established in the flora of the eastern United States of America." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 137(4):333-338.
  2. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentPersicaria longiseta: Moderate (60). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
Persicaria sect. Tovara edit
 
Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaert.
jumpseed

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Tovara
Genus Persicariasect. Tovara Smartweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Gaert.

1753. Polygonum virginianum L.
1790. Persicaria virginiana Gaertn.
1836. Tovara virginiana Raf.
1964. Antenoron virginianum
Roberty & Vautier
Jumpseed,
Virginia knotweed
Renouée de Virginie
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon edit
 
Persicaria perfoliata, mile-a-minute weed
Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon contains armed climbers known as tearthumbs. Two of these are New York natives, and one P. perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed) is a fairly recent introduction from Asia that is considered to be very highly-invasive in New York.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon
Genus Persicariasect. Echinocaulon Tearthumbs N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) H.Gross

1753. Polygonum sagittatum L.
1903. Tracaulon sagittatum Small
1919. Persicaria sagittata H.Gross
1974. Truellum sagittatum Soják
Arrowleaf tearthumb,
Arrow-leaved tearthumb,
American tearthumb,
Arrow-vine,
Scratch-grass
Renouée sagittée
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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 (L.) Haraldson

1753. Polygonum arifolium L.
1836. Tracaulon arifolium Raf.
1978. Persicaria arifolia Haraldson
Halberdleaf tearthumb,
Halberd-leaved tearthumb
Renouée à feuilles d'arum
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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 (L.) H. Gross

1759. Polygonum perfoliatum L.
1913. Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross
Mile-a-minute weed,
Asiatic tearthumb,
Climbing tearthumb,
Devil's-tail climbing tearthumb,
Giant climbing tearthumb
Introduced from
 Asia,
Very highly invasive,
 NYIS: 91%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-2[3] NE-1[4]
 
NYFA: X

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  1. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentPersicaria perfoliata: Very high (91). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  3. Appendix 2. Plant species that are considered highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  4. Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
Persicaria sect. Cephalophilon edit
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Cephalophilon
Genus Persicariasect. Cephalophilon Smartweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

1825. Polygonum alatum Buch.-Ham.
ex D. Don
1826. Polygonum nepalense Meisn.
1886. Polygonum alatumvar. nepalense
1913. Persicaria nepalensis H.Gross
Nepal smartweed,
Nepal knotweed
Renouée du Népal
Introduced from
 Asia,
Potentially invasive,
 NYIS: 47%[1]
 
NYFA: X

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  1. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentPersicaria longiseta: Unknown (47). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
Persicaria sect. Rubrivena edit
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Persicarieae — Persicaria sect. Rubrivena
Genus Persicariasect. Rubrivena (excluded taxa) Smartweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Greuter & Burdet

1832. Polygonum polystachyum
Wall. ex Meisn.
1941. Reynoutria polystachya Moldenke
1969. Aconogonon polystachyum M.Král
1985. Rubrivena polystachya M.Král
1989. P. wallichii Greuter & Burdet
Himalayan knotweed
Giant smart-weed
Kashmir plume
Garden smartweed
Cultivated knotweed
Introduced from
 Asia,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Tribe Fagopyreae edit

Fagopyrum edit
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Fagopyreae — Fagopyrum
Genus Fagopyrum Buckwheat N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Moench

1753. Polygonum fagopyrum L.
1794. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench
    F. sagittatum Gilib.
    F. vulgare Hill
    F. fagopyrum (L.) H.Karst.
Buckwheat,
Common buckwheat
Sarrasin commun
Introduced,
Not naturalized
 
NYFA: X

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 (L.) Gaertn.

1753. Polygonum tataricum L.
1790. Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.
Tartarian buckwheat,
Tartary buckwheat,
Green buckwheat,
Japanese buckwheat,
India-wheat
Introduced,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized
 
NYFA: X

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Tribe Rumiceae edit

Rumex edit
Rumex subg. Axillares edit
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Rumex subg. Axillares
Genus Rumexsubg. Axillares Dock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Rech.f.

1926. R. salicifoliusssp. triangulivalvis
1936. R. triangulivalvis Rech.f.
1964. R. salicifoliusvar. triangulivalvis
1964. R. triangulivalvisvar. oreolapathum
White dock,
White willow dock,
Triangular-valved dock
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
2n = 20
 
NYFA: 5

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 L.

1753. Rumex verticillatus L.
1856. R. floridanus Meisn.
1895. R. fascicularis Small
Swamp dock,
Water dock
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
2n = 60
 
NYFA: 5

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 L.

1753. Rumex britannica L.
1856. R. hydrolapathumvar. americanum
1867. R. orbiculatus A.Gray
1937. R. britannicavar. borealis
Water dock,
Greater water dock,
British dock
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
2n = 20
 
NYFA: 5

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 Alph.Wood

1847. Rumex altissimus Alph.Wood
1856. R. britannicus Meisn. non L.
1856. R. britannica Meisn. non L.
Pale dock
Tall dock
Smooth dock

Patience élevée
Native, CoC: 10,
Secure,
2n = 20
 
NYFA: 5

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Bigelow

1840. Rumex pallidus Bigelow
    
    
Sea-beach dock
Seaside dock
Pale willow dock
White dock

Native, CoC: 10,
Unranked,
2n = 20
 
NYFA: U

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Genus Rumexsubg. Axillares (excluded taxa) Dock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Weinm.

1821. Rumex salicifolius Weinm.
    
    
Willow dock
Willow-leaf dock

N. America native
 s.w. N. America,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Meisn.

1856. Rumex mexicanus Meisn.
1964. R. salicifolius  var. mexicanus  (Meisn.) C.L.Hitchc.
    
Mexican dock
Mexican-willow
White dock

N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Rumex pallidus × triangulivalvis

Rumex pallidus ×
Rumex triangulivalvis

    
    
    
Hybrid of
 sea-beach dock &
 white dock
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

Images
Wikispecies
Rumex pallidus × mexicanus

Rumex pallidus ×
Rumex mexicanus

    
    
    
Hybrid of
 sea-beach dock &
 Mexican dock
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Wikispecies
Rumex subg. Rumex edit
 
Rumex fueginus
Plants of subg. Rumex are generally synoecious (have male and female organs in the same flower), but polygamodioecious or dioecious individuals occasionally occur in some species.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Rumex subg. Rumex
Genus Rumexsubg. Rumex Dock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Phil.

1895. Rumex fueginus Phil.
1900. Rumex maritimus  var. fueginus  Dusén
1915. Rumex maritimus  var. athrix  H.St.John
1937. Rumex fueginus  var. athrix  (H.St.John) Rech.f.
1937. Rumex fueginus  var. typicus  Rech.f.
1968. Rumex maritimus  ssp. fueginus  Hultén
2010. Rumex persicarioides  var. fueginus  (Phil.) A.Haines[1]
American golden dock
Tierra del Fuego dock
Sea-side dock
Golden dock
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
2n = 40
 
NYFA: 1
NYFA: 11 counties
iNat
GBIF
2 NRG observations

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 L.

1753. Rumex persicarioides L.
1794. Lapathum persicarioides (L.) Moench
1978. Rumex maritimus  var. persicarioides  (L.) R.S.Mitch.
Coastal dock
Peach-leaved dock
American golden dock
Golden dock
Seaside dock
Seashore dock

Rumex fausse-persicaire
Patience fausse-persicaire
Patience faux-persicaire
Native, CoC: 10,
No recent reports,
2n = 40
 
NYFA: H
NYFA: Suffolk (1879-1926)
iNat
GBIF
No observations

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 L.
 ssp. crispus

    Rumex crispus L.
    
    
Curly dock,
Sour dock,
Yellow dock
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [2],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
2n = 60
 
NYFA: Xn
NYFA: 45 counties
iNat
GBIF
54 counties

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 L.
 ssp. obtusifolius

Bitter dock,
Broad-leaved dock
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [3],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
2n = 40
 
NYFA: Xn
NYFA: 48 counties
iNat
? counties

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 Mert. & W.D.J.Koch

Rumex crispus ×
Rumex obtusifolius

1753. Rumex × acutus L. (pro sp.
1826. Rumex × pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch
1855. Rumex × crispobtusifolius Meisn.
Field dock
Meadow dock
Introduced  
NYFA: X
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
? counties

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Dooryard dock,
Long-leaved dock,
Northern dock
Introduced,
Naturalized,
2n = 60
 
NYFA: Xn
NYFA: 20 counties
iNat
? counties

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 L.

Patience dock Introduced,
Naturalized,
2n = 60
 
NYFA: Xn
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
? counties

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 Simonkai

Rumex crispus ×
Rumex patientia

Large curly dock,
Confused dock
Introduced  
NYFA: X
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
? counties

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Genus Rumexsubg. Rumex (excluded taxa) Dock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

    
    
    
Redvein dock

Introduced from
 Eurasia,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
? counties

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Rumex subg. Acetosa edit
 
Rumex acetosa

Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Acetosa
Genus Rumexsubg. Acetosa Sorrel N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Baldwin

1817. Rumex hastatulus Baldwin
1856. Rumex engelmannii Meisn.
1948. Acetosa hastatula Á.Löve
Heartwing sorrel,
Heart-winged sorrel,
Wild sorrel,
Heartwing dock,
Wild dock
Native,
Endangered
 
NYFA: 1
NYFA: Suffolk (1872-1987)
Suffolk (2020?)

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 L.

1753. Rumex acetosa L.
1768. Acetosa pratensis Mill.
1903. R. acetosassp. pratensis
Garden sorrel,
Green sorrel,
Common sorrel,
Common dock,
Sourdock
Oseille de prés,
Grande oseille
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [4],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA, G5

UPL-FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA: X
NYFA: 20 counties
iNat
GBIF
No RG observations

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Rumex subg. Acetosella edit
 
Rumex acetosella
Rumex acetosella (sheep sorrel) is the only Rumex species currently listed in the New York State Invasive Species Tiers Table. It is listed with an Ecological Invasiveness of Moderate but shown as untiered in all PRISMS except Finger Lakes, where it has been assigned Tier 4 (Local Control). [1]
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Acetosella
Genus Rumexsubg. Acetosella Sorrel N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 ssp. pyrenaicus (Pourr. ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd

1991. Rumex acetosella  ssp. pyrenaicus  (Pourr. ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd
1818. Rumex pyrenaicus Pourr. ex Lapeyr.
 auct. Rumex acetosella  ssp. angiocarpus  (Murb.) Murb. misapplied
Sheep sorrel,
Red sorrel,
Field sorrel
Oseille,
Petite oseille,
Sûrette
Introduced,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 66%[1],
 NYIS Tier: Untiered (FL-4),
 Invasive.org: [5],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
CP-4[2]
 
NYFA: X
NYFA: 48 counties
30 counties

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L.
 ssp. acetosella

1753. Rumex acetosella L.
1869. Acetosella vulgaris Fourr.
    
Sheep sorrel

Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: ? counties
? counties

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L.
 ssp. multifidus (L.) Arcang.

1762. Rumex multifidus L.
1834. Rumex acetosellassp. multifidus
    
    
Sheep sorrel,
Red sorrel,
Field sorrel
Oseille,
Petite oseille,
Sûrette
Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: ? counties
? counties

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Rheum edit
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Rumiceae — Rheum
Genus RheumL. Rhubarb N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Rheum rhabarbarum L.
1762. R. undulatum L.
1879. R. franzenbachii Münter
Garden rhubarb,
Pie-plant,
Rhubarb,
Wine-plant
Rhubarbe
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Not naturalized

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
2n = 44
 
NYFA: X

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Genus RheumL. (excluded taxa) Rhubarb N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Rheum rhaponticum L.
    
    
European rhubarb
False rhubarb

Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
2n = 22
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Tribe Polygoneae edit

Polygonum edit
The Flora of North America recognizes the two sections Duravia and Polygonum used here.[1]
Polygonum sect. Duravia edit
Schuster, Reveal & Kron (2011)[1] transferred Polygonella articulata back to Polygonum articulatum.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Polygonum sect. Duravia
Genus Polygonumsect. Duraviasubsect. Polygonella Jointweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Polygonum articulatum L.
1841. Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn.
1932. Delopyrum articulatum (L.) Small
Coastal jointweed,
Northern jointweed,
Coast jointweed
Polygonelle articulée
Native,
Likely secure
 
NYFA: 4

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Genus Polygonumsect. Duraviasubsect. Duravia Knotweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx. (1803)

P. tenue var. protrusum
Pleatleaf knotweed,
Pleat-leaved knotweed,
Slender knotweed
Native,
Rare
 
NYFA: 3

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 Greene

Douglas knotweed Native,
Threatened
 
NYFA: 2

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Polygonum sect. Polygonum edit
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Polygonum
Genus Polygonumsect. Polygonum Knotweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 S.F.Blake

1917. Polygonum achoreum S.F.Blake
1982. Polygonum erectum  ssp. achoreum  Á & D.Löve
Leathery knotweed,
Blake's knotweed,
Striate knotweed
Renouée coriace
Native, CoC: 0,
Likely secure
 
NYFA: 4

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 Michx.
ssp. prolificum (Small) Costea & Tardif

1894. Polygonum ramosissimum  var. prolificum  Small
1902. Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L. Rob.
1948. Polygonum prolificum  var. autumnale  (Brenckle) Brenckle
1948. Polygonum prolificum  var. profusum  Brenckle
2003. Polygonum ramosissimum  ssp. prolificum  (Small) Costea & Tardif
Proliferous knotweed
Bushy knotweed
Saltmarsh knotweed

Renouée prolifique
Native, CoC: 1,
Introduced
 
NYFA: NX

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 Michx.
ssp. ramosissimum

1803. Polygonum ramosissimum Michx.
1894. Polygonum exsertum Small
1894. Polygonum interior Small
1904. Polygonum leptocarpum B.L.Rob.
1909. Polygonum atlanticum (B.L.Rob.) E.P.Bicknell
1913. Polygonum triangulum E.P.Bicknell ex Small
1932. Polygonum latum Small ex Rydb.
1941. Polygonum stevensii Brenckle
Bushy knotweed,
Slender knotgrass,
Renouée à fleurs jaunes
Native, CoC: 1,
Introduced
 
NYFA: NX

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 Nutt.

    
    Polygonum avicularevar. glaucum
Seabeach knotweed,
Seaside knotweed
Native, CoC: 8,
Rare
 
NYFA: 3

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 L.

1753. Polygonum erectum L.
Erect knotweed
Upright knotweed
Devil's shoestring
Leathery knotweed
Striate knotweed
Wireweed

Renouée dressée
Native, CoC: 10,
No recent reports,
Impersistent
 
NYFA: Zm

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 Small

1906. Polygonum buxiforme Small
1831. Polygonum aviculare  var. littorale  (Link) Mert. & W.D.J. Koch (i)
2003. Polygonum aviculare  ssp. buxiforme  (Small) Costea & Tardif
Box knotweed,
Small's knotweed,
American knotweed
Renouée faux-buis
Native, CoC: 0,
Endangered
 
NYFA: 1

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 L.
ssp. aviculare

    
1753. Polygonum aviculare L.
1912. Polygonum heterophyllum Lindm.
Common knotweed,
Dooryard knotweed,
Doorweed,
Prostrate knotweed
Introduced,
N. America native
 
NYFA: X

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 L.
ssp. depressum (Meisn.) Arcang.

1856. Polygonum avicularevar. depressum
1857. Polygonum arenastrum Boreau
1882. Polygonum avicularessp. depressum
1912. Polygonum aequale Lindm.
1942. Polygonum montereyense Brenckle
Common knotweed,
Oval-leaved knotweed,
Equal-leaved knotgrass
Renouée à petits fruits
Introduced  
NYFA: X

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 L.
 ssp. neglectum (Besser) Arcang.

1785. Polygonum bellardii All.
1822. Polygonum neglectum Besser
1882. Polygonum avicularessp. neglectum
Narrowleaf knotweed,
Narrow-leaved knotweed
Introduced from
 Eurasia
 
NYFA: X

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 Jaubert & Spach

    
1844. Polygonum polycnemoides Jaub. & Spach
Himalayan knotweed
Manyleg knotweed

Introduced,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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Genus Polygonumsect. Polygonum (excluded taxa) Knotweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 All.

1792. Polygonum procumbens Gilib.
1822. Polygonum neglectum Besser
1841. Polygonum nervosum Wallr.
1857. Polygonum agrestinum Jord. ex Boreau
1882. Polygonum bellardii All.
1959. Polygonum rectum (Chrtek) Scholz
Bellard's knotweed,
Narrow-leaved knotweed
Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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 L.
 ssp. rurivagum

    
Narrow-leaved knotweed Introduced,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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C.A.Mey. & Bunge ex Ledeb.
ssp. raii (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater

1836. Polygonum raii Bab.
1963. Polygonum oxyspermum  ssp. rali  (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater
    
Ray's knotweed

Renouée de Ray
N. America native
 eastern Canada
 Maine,
N.Y. excluded

Annual-perennial,
Herb-forb
 
NYFA-Excluded

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L.

1753. Polygonum maritimum L.
1849. Polygonum chilense K.Koch
1913. Polygonum maritimum  var. chilense  (K. Koch) Skottsb.

Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
Missaplied to
 P. glaucum
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Wikispecies
Fallopia edit
Fallopia sect. Fallopia edit
 
Fallopia scandens from Wild Flowers of New York (1918)
False-buckwheat (Fallopia) contains vines similar to those of Convolvulaceae (in order Solanales), many of which are also known as bindweeds.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Fallopia sect. Fallopia
Genus FallopiaAdansonsect. Fallopia False-buckwheat N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) Holub

1803. Polygonum cilinode Michx.
1903. Tiniaria cilinodis Small
1904. Bilderdykia cilinodis Greene
1967. Reynoutria cilinodis Shinners
1971. Fallopia cilinodis Holub
Fringed black bindweed,
Fringed bindweed,
Blackfringe knotweed
Renouée à noeuds ciliés
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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 (L.) Holub
var. scandens

1753. Polygonum scandens L.
1867. Polygonum dumetorumvar. scandens A.Gray
1913. Bilderdykia scandens Greene
1913. Fagopyrum scandens H.Gross
1967. Reynoutria scandens Shinners
1971. Fallopia scandens Holub
Climbing false-buckwheat
Renouée grimpante
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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 (L.) Holub
var. cristatum (Engelm. & A.Gray) H.R.Hinds

1845. Polygonum cristatum Engelm. & A.Gray
1904. Bilderdykia cristata Greene
1952. P. scandensvar. cristatum Gleason
1971. Fallopia cristata Holub
2005. F. scandensvar. cristatum H.R.Hinds
Climbing false-buckwheat,
Crested bindweed
Native,
Likely secure
 
NYFA: 4

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 (L.) Á. Löve

1753. Polygonum convolvulus L.
1970. Fallopia convolvulus Á. Löve
Black bindweed,
Wild buckwheat,
Eurasian black bindweed
Renouée liseron,
Renouée faux-liseron,
Chevrier
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [6],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized
 
NYFA: X
NYFA: 53 counties
? counties

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 (L.) Holub

1762. Polygonum dumetorum L.
1952. P. scandensvar. dumetorum Gleason
1971. Fallopia dumetorum Holub
Climbing false buckwheat,
Thicket bindweed,
Copse-bindweed,
Desert knotgrass
Renouée des haies
Introduced,
from Eurasia
 
NYFA: X

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 (Regel) Holub

1885. Polygonum baldschuanicum Regel
1907. Polygonum aubertii L.Henry
1941. Reynoutria baldschuanica Moldenke
1971. Fallopia baldschuanica Holub
1971. Fallopia aubertii Holub
Bukhara fleeceflower,
China fleece vine,
Silver lace-vine,
Mile-a-minute-vine,
Russianvine
Introduced,
Invasive,
 NYIS: 51%[1]
  Kings (1992), Monroe, Orange(1990,96)
NYFA: X

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Reynoutria edit
 
Reynoutria japonica
Knotweed (Reynoutria — syns. Polygonum and Fallopia) includes the very common Japanese knotweed (R. japonica var. japonica) and the less common giant knotweed (R. sachalinensis). The hybrid of the two (R. × bohemica or Bohemian knotweed), often occurs mixed in with Japanese knotweed. All three are considered to be very highly invasive in New York State.
Caryophyllales — Polygonaceae — Polygonoideae — Polygoneae — Reynoutria
Genus Reynoutria Knotweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Houtt.
var. japonica

1777. Reynoutria japonica Houtt.
1846. Polygonum cuspidatumin…
1901. Polygonum reynoutria Makino illeg.
1919. Pleuropterus cuspidatusin…
1926. Reynoutria henryi Nakai
1946. Tiniaria japonica (Houtt.) Hedberg
1988. Fallopia japonica Ronse Decr.
2008. Polygonum japonicumin…
Japanese knotweed
Mexican bamboo
Japanese bamboo
Fleeceflower
Japanese winged-knotweed

Renouée du Japon
Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Very highly invasive,
NYIS: 98%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-2[3] NE-1[4]
 
NYFA: X

USDA-XX
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VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
(F.Schmidt) Nakai

1859. Polygonum sachalinense F.Schmidt
1919. Reynoutria sachalinensisin…
1950. Tiniaria sachalinensis Janchen
1988. Fallopia sachalinensis Ronse Decr.
Giant knotweed
Sakhalin knotweed
Sachaline knotweed
Elephant-ear
Giant winged-knotweed

Renouée de Sakhaline
Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Very highly invasive,
 NYIS: 98%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-3[5]
 
NYFA: X

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Chrtek & Chrtková

Reynoutria japonica ×
Reynoutria sachalinensis

1983. Reynoutria × bohemica
Chrtek & Chrtková
1989. Fallopia × bohemica J.P.Bailey
2003. Polygonum × bohemicum
Zika & Jacobson
Bohemian knotweed,
Hybrid Japanese
 & giant knotweed
Renouée de Bohème
Introduced,
Very highly invasive,
NYIS: 98%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-2[3]
  Tompkins (2004)
NYFA: X

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  1. a b c New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentFallopia spp.: Very highly invasive (98%).
  2. a b c New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  3. a b Appendix 2. Plant species that are considered highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  4. Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
  5. Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)