Flora of New York/Cichorioideae

← Carduoideae	Flora of New York — Asterales : Asteraceae : Cichorioideae : Cichorieae & Vernonieae				→ Senecioneae, Calenduleae, Gnaphalieae
	Table of contents	Genus index	Protected species index	Invasive species index

Family Asteraceae (cont'd)Edit

Subfamily CichorioideaeEdit

Tribe CichorieaeEdit

The members of the Cichorieae have white latex and most have flower heads with perfect 5-dentate, mostly-yellow, ligulate flowers.^[1]

↑ ICN (Hand R., Kilian N. & Raab-Straube E. von; general editors) 2009+ (continuously updated): International Cichorieae Network: Cichorieae Portal. Published at http://cichorieae.e-taxonomy.net/portal/; accessed 21 Sep. 2015.

Subtribe ScorzonerinaeEdit

TragopogonEdit

Tragopogon pratensis

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Scorzonerinae
Tragopogon	Goat's beard, Salsify	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Tragopogon pratensis L. 1753. Tragopogon pratensis L. 1753. Tragopogon orientalis L. 1882. Tragopogon lamottei Rouy ^[1]	Meadow salsify, Meadow goat's-beard, Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon Salsifis des prés	Introduced from Eurasia			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Tragopogon porrifolius L. 1753. Tragopogon porrifolius L.	Salsify, Purple salsify, Purple goat's-beard, Vegetable oyster Salsifis cultivé, Salsifis blanc	Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Tragopogon dubius Scop. 1772. Tragopogon dubius Scop. 1773. Tragopogon major Jacq. 1931. T. dubius ssp. campestris 1989. T. dubius var. major Voll.	Yellow salsify Salsifis majeur	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Tragopogon × neohybridus Farw. Tragopogon porrifolius × Tragopogon pratensis 1930. Tragopogon neohybridus Farw.	Goat's-beard, Newhybrid salsify, Hybrid of Meadow salsify & Purple salsify	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-X0 IPN Images Wikispecies
↑ NYFA finds T. lamottei to be a distinct species, not found in New York, while NRCS gives T. lamottei as the accepted name for T. pratensis. Other sources treat T. lamottei as a synonym of T. pratensis.

Subtribe ScolyminaeEdit

ScolymusEdit

Scolymus hispanicus
golden thistle

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Scolyminae — Scolymus
Scolymus	Golden thistle	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Scolymus hispanicus L. 1753. Scolymus hispanicus L. 1799. Scolymus grandiflorus Desf.	Common goldenthistle, Spanish oyster-plant, Spanish salsify	Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Impersistent, Not naturalized			NYFA-Xm USDA-X0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Subtribe LactucinaeEdit

LactucaEdit

Lactuca canadensis

Eight Lettuce (Lactuca) species are reported in the New York Flora Atlas, along with a hybrid of the two more common native lettuce species. Four of the species are considered to be native to New York, while the other four are Eurasian species, including the cultivated garden lettuce (Lactuca sativa).

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Lactucinae — Lactuca
Lactuca	Lettuce	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Lactuca canadensis L. 1753. Lactuca canadensis L. 1803. Lactuca longifolia Michx. 1824. Lactuca sagittifolia Elliott 1891. Lactuca canadensis var. latifolia 1898. Lactuca canadensis var. montana 1920. Lactuca canadensis var. obovata 1923. Lactuca canadensis var. longifolia	Tall lettuce, Canada lettuce, Canada wild lettuce, Tall wild lettuce, Arrow-leaved lettuce, Devil's weed Laitue du Canada	Native, CoC: 1, Secure FACU Annual, biennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald 1794. Sonchus biennis Moench 1940. Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald	Tall blue lettuce, Blue wood lettuce, Biennial lettuce	Native, CoC: 1, Secure FAC-FACU Annual, biennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Lactuca × morssii B.L.Rob. Lactuca biennis × Lactuca canadensis	Morss’s lettuce, Wild lettuce	Native, Unranked		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-U USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Lactuca hirsuta Muhl. ex Nutt.	Tall hairy lettuce, Hairy lettuce, Downy lettuce	Native, CoC: 5, Endangered Biennial		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-1 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies
Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn.	Woodland lettuce	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-1 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Lactuca serriola L. 1753. Lactuca virosa L. misappl. 1756. Lactuca serriola L. 1763. Lactuca scariola L. orth.var. 1773. Lactuca augustana All. 1926. Lactuca serriola var. integrata Farw.	Prickly lettuce, China lettuce, Wild lettuce	Introduced from Europe		NYFA: 35 counties iNat: ~30 counties	NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Lactuca saligna L.	Willow-leaved lettuce	Introduced		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies
Lactuca sativa L. (1753)	Garden lettuce	Introduced		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-X USDA-XW ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC. 1813. Sonchus pulchellus Pursh 1838. Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC. 1839. Mulgedium pulchellum (Pursh) G. Don 1841. Mulgedium pulchellum (Pursh) Nutt. (isonym) 1939. Lactuca tatarica ssp. pulchella (Pursh) Stebbins 1957. Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung	Showy blue lettuce, Blue lettuce	Introduced		NYFA: ? counties iNat: ? counties	NYFA-X USDA-NN Images Wikispecies

MycelisEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Lactucinae — Mycelis
Mycelis Cass.	Blue sow thistle	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	Refs.^[1] NPT
Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. 1753. Prenanthes muralis L. 1791. Lactuca muralis (L.) Gaertn. 1822. Cicerbita muralis (L.) Wallr. 1827. Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort.	Wall lettuce	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies
↑ New York Flora Atlas (NYFA): Mycelis genus page

Subtribe HyoseridinaeEdit

SonchusEdit

Sonchus arvensis

All sow thistles (Sonchus spp.) found in New York are non-native plants. Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis, in particular, is considered to be a noxious weed in much of North America and is being tracked in New York for its invasiveness.^[1]

↑ iMapInvasives (2022). Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis New York Species Record

Sonchus	sow-thistle	flowerhead (capitulum) width (mm)	fruiting involucre length (mm)	duration	roots	peduncles (flower/fruit stalks)	phyllaries (involucral bracts)	leaf blades
S. arvensis ssp. arvensis	field sowthistle	30-50	>13, 14-17	perennial	creeping, deep-seated rhizome	pubescent, yellow stipitate glands	pubescent, yellow stipitate glands, 14-17 mm
S. arvensis ssp. uliginosus	smooth sowthistle	30-50	>13, 10-15	perennial	creeping, deep-seated rhizome	glabrous, sessile yellow glands	glabrous, sessile yellow glands or tomentose, 10-15 mm
S. asper	spiny-leaved sowthistle	15-25	≤13	annual or biennial	taproot	stipulate glands or sometimes glabrous	9-13+ mm	firm, stiff prickles, rounded basal auricles
S. oleraceus	common sow-thistle	15-25	≤13	annual or biennial	taproot	glabrous or sometimes stipulate glands	9-13+ mm	soft, softer prickles, triangular basal auricles

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hyoseridinae
Sonchus	Sow thistle	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Sonchus arvensis L. ssp. arvensis 1753. Sonchus arvensis L. 1771. Hieracium arvense Scop. 1869. Sonchoseris arvensis Fourr.	Field sow thistle Field sow-thistle Laiteron des champs	Introduced from Europe, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: 20, USGS: L48 invasive, USGS: L48 established, Naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-XX Kew POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies
Sonchus arvensis L. ssp. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Nyman 1808. Sonchus uliginosus M.Bieb. 1866. Sonchus arvensis var. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Trautv. 1879. Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Nyman	Smooth sow thistle Moist sowthistle	Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 3, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF Kew POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill 1769. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill 1800. Hieracium asperum (L.) Bernh.	Spiny-leaved sowthistle Spiny sowthistle Prickly sowthistle	Introduced, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 9, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF Kew POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies
Sonchus oleraceus L.	Common sowthistle	Introduced, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 9, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Sonchus tenerrimus L.	Slender sowthistle	Introduced, Not naturalized		NYFA: Richmond (1908) iNat: No observations	NYFA-X USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies

Subtribe CrepidinaeEdit

Subtribe Crepidinae

Crepidinae

Nabalus (8 native rattlesnake roots)

	Ixeris stolonifera (creeping lettuce - not naturalized)

	Taraxacum (3 introduced dandelions)

	Crepis (6 introduced hawk's beards)

	Lapsana communis (introduced nipplewort)

NabalusEdit

Nabalus serpentarius

Common names for Nabalus species include rattlesnake-root and white lettuce.

Names		Principle phyllaries (inner/longer involucral bracts)			Flower count	Ray color	Pappus color
Nabalus	rattlesnakeroot	surface	color	count	Flower count	Ray color	Pappus color
N. altissimus	tall rattlesnake root	glabrous	pale green	(4)5(6)	5–6
N. trifoliolatus	threeleaf rattlesnake root	glabrous	pale green	(7)8–14	(8)9–18(20)	green-yellow to yellow-white	light brown to pale yellow-brown
N. albus	white rattlesnake root	glabrous	pale purple-green	(7)8–14	(8)9–18(20)	white-pink-lavender	deep red-brown

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hypochaeridinae — Nabalus
Nabalus	Rattlesnakeroot	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Nabalus altissimus (L.) Hook. 1753. Prenanthes altissima L. 1833. Nabalus altissimus (L.) Hook. 1900. Prenanthes altissima var. hispidula Fernald 1908. Prenanthes altissima var. cinnamomea Fernald	Tall rattlesnake root, Tall rattlesnake-root, Tall white-lettuce Prenanthe élevée	Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5? FACU Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass. 1825. Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass. 1838. Nabalus nanus (Bigelow) DC. 1839. Prenanthes nana Torr. ex DC. 1900. Prenanthes trifoliolata (Cass.) Fernald 1901. Prenanthes trifoliolata var. nana (Bigelow) Fernald	Three-leaved rattlesnake root, Threeleaf rattlesnake-root, Gall of the earth	Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5 Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Nabalus albus (L.) Hook. 1753. Prenanthes alba L. 1833. Nabalus albus (L.) Hook.	White rattlesnakeroot, White rattlesnake-root Prenanthe blanche	Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5 FACU Biennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Nabalus serpentarius (Pursh) Hook. 1813. Prenanthes serpentaria Pursh Nabalus integrifolius Cass. 1833. Nabalus serpentarius (Pursh) Hook. Nabalus fraseri DC. P. integrifolia (Cass.) Small	Lion's-foot rattlesnakeroot, Cankerweed, Gall-of-the-earth, Butterweed	Native, CoC: 10, Unranked, SNR		Albany, Bronx, Chemung, Kings, Nassau, Otsego, Queens, Richmond, Suffolk, Ulster, Westchester	NYFA-3-4 USDA-N0 iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Nabalus boottii DC. 1838. Nabalus boottii DC. 1847. Prenanthes boottii (DC.) D. Dietr.	Alpine rattlesnakeroot, Boott's rattlesnake-root	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G2 Perennial, Herb-forb		Essex (1862-1998)	NYFA-1 USDA-NN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Nabalus crepidineus (Michx.) DC. Prenanthes crepidinea Michx. Nabalus crepidineus (Michx.) DC.	Nodding rattlesnakeroot, Nodding rattlesnake-root	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, No recent reports, SH, G3-4 FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb		Cattaraugus, Erie (1844)	NYFA-Z USDA-N0 iNaturalist Images Wikispecies
Nabalus racemosus Michx. ssp. racemosa Nabalus racemosus	Glaucous rattlesnake-root, Purple rattlesnakeroot, Purple rattlesnake-root	Native, CoC: 10, Extirpated, SX FACW Perennial, Herb-forb		Kings (1891), Nassau (1909), Queens (1882), Rockland, Westchester (1896)	NYFA-X USDA-NN iNaturalist ITIS Images Wikispecies
Nabalus × mainensis (A. Gray) A. Heller Nabalus racemosus × Nabalus trifoliolatus	Maine rattlesnake root	Native, No recent reports, SNA, GNA Perennial, Herb-forb		Nassau (1909)	NYFA-Z USDA- Images Wikispecies

IxerisEdit

Ixeris stolonifera

Creeping lettuce (Ixeris stolonifera) appears to have been collected from a Long Island garden in 1985 and has also been found in New Jersey, southeastern Pennsylvania, and Delaware but is not assumed to naturalize in New York State.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Crepidinae — Ixeris
Ixeris	Ixeris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ixeris stolonifera A.Gray Ixeris stolonifera (A. Gray Lactuca stolonifera (A. Gray) Benth. ex Maxim.	Creeping lettuce	Introduced from east Asia, Impersistent, Not naturalized		Nassau (1985)	NYFA-X USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies

TaraxacumEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Crepidinae — Taraxacum
Taraxacum	Dandelion	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg. Leontodon taraxacum L. Taraxacum officinale var. palustre Blytt Taraxacum sylvanicum R.Doll Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg.	Common dandelion, Dandelion Pissenlit officinal	Introduced, Widespread weed			NYFA-X USDA-MM Go Botany VASCAN Images Wikispecies
Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. ex Besser Leontodon erythrospermum (Andrz. ex Besser) Britton Taraxacum disseminatum G.E.Haglund Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. ex Besser Taraxacum lacistophyllum (Dahlst.) Raunk.	Red-seeded dandelion, Smooth dandelion, Lesser dandelion, Rock dandelion Pissenlit à graines rouges, Pissenlit à fruits rouges	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Taraxacum palustre (Lyons) Symons T. cognatum T. palustre (Lyons) Symons Leontodon palustris T. turfosum (Sch.Bip.) Soest	Marsh dandelion Pissenlit palustre, Pissenlit des marais	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX VASCAN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Taraxacum (excluded)	Dandelion	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Taraxacum ceratophorum (Ledeb.) DC 1829. Leontodon ceratophorus Ledeb. 1838. T. ceratophorum (Ledeb.) DC 1901. T. lacerum Greene 1914. T. officinale ssp. ceratophorum	Horned dandelion, Northern dandelion, Woolbearing dandelion Pissenlit tuberculé, Pissenlit corniculé	N. America native western N. A., N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Taraxacum spectabile Dahlst.	Showy dandelion	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies

YoungiaEdit

Youngia japonica

Oriental false hawksbeard (Youngia japonica) appears to be present in New York State and is being tracked for its invasive potential.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Crepidinae — Youngia
Youngia	False hawksbeard	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Youngia japonica (L.) DC. Youngia japonica (L.) DC.	Oriental false hawksbeard	Introduced, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, GRIIS-US: Invasive		NYFA: 0 counties iNat: 4 counties	GBIF iNaturalist Images Wikispecies

CrepisEdit

Crepis capillaris

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Crepidinae — Crepis
Crepis	Hawksbeard	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. 1763. Crepis virens L. 1840. Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. 1860. Malacothrix crepoides A.Gray 1874. Crepis cooperi A.Gray (i)	Smooth hawksbeard, Smooth hawk's-beard, Green crepis Crépis capillaire, Crépis à tige capillaire, Crépis verdâtre, Crépide à tige capillaire, Crépide capillaire, Crépide verdâtre	Introduced from Europe UPL Biennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Crepis biennis L. 1753. Crepis biennis L. 1838. Limonoseris biennis (L.) Peterm.	Rough hawksbeard, Rough hawk's-beard Crépis bisannuel, Crépis des prés, Crépide bisannuelle, Crépide des prés	Introduced from Europe Biennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Crepis setosa Haller f. 1797. Crepis setosa Haller f.	Bristly hawksbeard, Bristly hawk's-beard	Introduced from Eurasia			NYFA-X USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Crepis tectorum L. 1753. Crepis tectorum L.	Narrowleaf hawksbeard, Narrow-leaved hawk's-beard Crépis des troits	Introduced from Eurasia			NYFA-X USDA-XW ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Crepis vesicaria L. ssp. taraxacifolia	Beaked hawksbeard, Beaked hawk's-beard	Introduced, Impersistent			USDA-XX Images Wikispecies

LapsanaEdit

Lapsana communis

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Crepidinae — Lapsana
Lapsana	Nipplewort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Lapsana communis L. 1753. Lapsana communis L. 1899. Lalda communis (L.) Bubani	Nipplewort Common nipplewort Ballogan Succory-dock Dock-cress Succory dock-cress Lapsane commune	Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 9, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized FACU Annual, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF Kew POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Subtribe ChondrillinaeEdit

ChondrillaEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Chondrillinae — Chondrilla
Chondrilla	Chondrilla	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Chondrilla juncea L.	Rush skeletonweed	Introduced, Noxious weed US west			NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies

Subtribe HypochaeridinaeEdit

Subtribe Hypochaeridinae

HypochaerisEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hypochaeridinae — Hypochaeris
Hypochaeris	Cat's ear	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypochaeris radicata L.	Spotted cat's ear, Hairy cat's ear	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Hypochaeris glabra L.	Smooth cat's ear	Introduced, No specimens			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies

HelminthothecaEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hypochaeridinae — Helminthotheca
Helminthotheca	Ox-tongue	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub Picris echioides L.	Bristly oxtongue	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies

PicrisEdit

Hawkweed oxtongue is becoming increasingly common along roadsides in the Northeast, and it is considered to be a noxious weed in Washington State.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hypochaeridinae — Picris
Picris	Ox-tongue	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Picris hieracioides L. 1753. Picris hieracioides L. 1762. Hedypnois hieracioides (L.) Huds. 1781. Picris aspera Gilib. 1789. Leontodon umbellatus Schrank 1803. Apargia hieracioides (L.) Willd. 1918. Apargia umbellata (Schrank) Schrank 1967. P. hieracioides var. kamtschatica 1968. P. hieracioides ssp. kamtschatica 1982. P. hieracioides ssp. tsekouensis 2007. P. hieracioides var. alpina	Hawkweed oxtongue Picride fausse-épervière, Picride épervière, Picris fausse-épervière	Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive			NYFA-X USDA-MX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies

ScorzoneroidesEdit

Scorzoneroides autumnalis

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hypochaeridinae — Scorzoneroides
Scorzoneroides	Hawkbit	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.) Moench 1753. Leontodon autumnalis L. Apargia autumnalis (L.) Hoffm. 1794. Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.) Moench	Autumn hawkbit, Fall hawkbit, Fall dandelion	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies

LeontodonEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hypochaeridinae — Leontodon
Leontodon	Hawkbit	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Leontodon hispidus L. (1753) ssp. hispidus	Common hawkbit, Bristly hawkbit, Rough hawkbit	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Leontodon saxatilis Lam. ssp. saxatilis 1779. Leontodon saxatilis Lam. 1831. L. taraxacoides (Vill.) Willd. ex Mérat	Lesser hawkbit	Introduced			NYFA-Xu USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Leontodon (excluded taxa)	Hawkbit	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Leontodon hispidus L. (1753) ssp. danubialis (Jacq.) Simonkai L. danubialis Jacq. L. hispidus var. glabratus L. hastilis L. L. hastilis var. glabratus	Common hawkbit, Bristly hawkbit	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-X USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies

Subtribe HieraciinaeEdit

The Hieraciinae contains the hawkweeds. Some sources include them all in genus Hieracium, while others split them into two genera, as is done here.

HieraciumEdit

Hieracium scabrum

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hieraciinae — Hieracium
Hieracium	Hawkweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hieracium scabrum 1803. Hieracium scabrum Michx.	Sticky hawkweed, Rough hawkweed	Native, CoC: 6, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium paniculatum L. 1753. Hieracium paniculatum L.	Panicled hawkweed, Allegheny hawkweed	Native, CoC: 6, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium venosum 1753. Hieracium venosum L. 1918. H. venosum var. nudicaule	Rattlesnake hawkweed, Veiny hawkweed, Poor-Robin's-plantain	Native, CoC: 7, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium umbellatum L. 1753. Hieracium umbellatum L. 1753. Hieracium kalmii L. 1803. H. canadense Michx. 1824. H. scabriusculum Schwein. 1901. H. columbianum Rydb. 1993. H. kalmii var. canadense	Canada hawkweed, Canadian hawkweed, Kalm's hawkweed, Narrowleaf hawkweed Èpervière en ombelle, Èpervière de Kalm	Native, CoC: 5, Likely secure Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium gronovii	Hairy hawkweed, Queen-devil, Gronovius' hawkweed, Beaked hawkweed	Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure FACU-UPL Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium × marianum Willd. Hieracium gronovii × Hieracium venosum Hieracium marianum Willd. Hieracium × marianum Willd. H. pennsylvanicum Fr.	Maryland hawkweed	Native, Threatened			NYFA-2? USDA-NN GBIF ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium lachenalii	Common hawkweed	Introduced from Eurasia, Canada, N. America native			NYFA-X USDA-XN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium murorum H. hyparcticum (Almquist) Elfstr.	Wall hawkweed Few-leaved hawkweed	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hieracium sabaudum	New England hawkweed	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX BONAP Images Wikispecies

PilosellaEdit

Pilosella aurantiaca

A universal acceptance of the separation of Pilosella from Hieracium has been gradual and is still not complete. Hieracium aurantiacum, H. pilosella and ten others were proposed for transfer to Pilosella in 1862, but many others weren't proposed until a century later. Besides clear morphological differences Pilosella species are prone to hybridization within the genus, while Hieracium species rarely hybridize.^[1]

↑ Bräutigam, S. & Greuter, W. (2007). A new treatment of Pilosella for the Euro-Mediterranean flora (Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes 24). – Willdenowia 37: 123-137 – ISSN 0511-9618; © 2007 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Hieraciinae — Pilosella
Pilosella	Hawkweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Pilosella aurantiaca (L.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. 1753. Hieracium aurantiacum L. 1862. P. aurantiaca (L.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip.	Orange hawkweed, Devil's-paintbrush, King devil, Orange-red king devil, Fox and cubs Épervière orangée, Bouquets rouges, Marguerite rouge	Introduced from Europe, Potentially invasive Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Pilosella caespitosa 1827. Hieracium caespitosum Dumort. 1828. Hieracium pratense Tausch 1967. Pilosella caespitosa P.D.Sell & C.West	Yellow Hawkweed, Yellow king-devil, Yellow fox-and-cubs, Meadow hawkweed Èpervière des prés, Èpervière des prairies	Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Pilosella piloselloides (Vill.) Soják 1779. Hieracium piloselloides Vill. 1785. Hieracium florentinum All. 1971. P. piloselloides (Vill.) Soják	Glaucous-leaved hawkweed, Tall hawkweed, Kingdevil, Smoothish hawkweed Èpervière des Florentins	Introduced, Naturalized			NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Pilosella officinarum F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. 1753. Hieracium pilosella L, 1862. P. officinarum F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip.	Mouse-ear hawkweed	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-X Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Pilosella flagellaris (Willd.) P.D. Sell & C. West 1814. Hieracium flagellare Willd. 1866. Hieracium flagellare Schur 1967. P. flagellaris (Willd.) P.D. Sell & C. West	Whiplash hawkweed, Whip hawkweed	Introduced, Naturalized			NYFA-Xn Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Pilosella lactucella (Wallr.) P.D. Sell & C. West 1822. Hieracium lactucella Wallr. 1967. P. lactucella (Wallr.) P.D. Sell & C. West	Lettuce hawkweed, European hawkweed	Introduced, Unk. naturalization Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA- Images Wikispecies
Pilosella × fuscoatra Pilosella aurantiaca × Pilosella caespitosa 1885. H. fuscoatrum Nägeli & Peter 1971. P. fuscoatra (Nägeli & Peter) Soják	Hybrid hawkweed, Hybrid of orange hawkweed & yellow hawkweed	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies
Pilosella × floribunda (Wimm. & Grab.) Fr. Pilosella caespitosa × Pilosella lactucella Hieracium × floribundum Hieracium × dorei Hieracium auricula	King-devil hawkweed, Meadow hawkweed, Yellow hawkweed, Yellow devil hawkweed, Smoothish hawkweed Épervière à fleurs nombreuses	Introduced			NYFA-Xn VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Pilosella × acutifolia (Vill.) Arv.-Touv. Pilosella officinarum × Pilosella piloselloides Hieracium × brachiatum Bertol. ex DC. P. × brachiata (DC.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. P. × acutifolia (Vill.) Arv.-Touv.	Sharp-leaved hawkweed	Introduced, Unk. naturalization			NYFA-Xu Images Wikispecies
Pilosella (excluded taxa)	Hawkweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Pilosella × atramentaria	Hawkweed	Introduced			Images Wikispecies
Pilosella × brachiata	Hawkweed	Introduced			Images Wikispecies

Subtribe MicroseridinaeEdit

KrigiaEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Microseridinae — Krigia
Krigia	Dwarf dandelion	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Krigia biflora (Walter) S.F.Blake	Twoflower dwarfdandelion, Two-flowered dwarf dandelion	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Krigia virginica (L.) Willd.	Virginia dwarf-dandelion	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NX Images Wikispecies
Krigia cespitosa (Raf.) K.L.Chambers var. cespitosa	Common dwarf-dandelion, Weedy dwarf-dandelion	Introduced, US South native, No specimens			NYFA-Xm USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies

StephanomeriaEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Microseridinae — Stephanomeria
Stephanomeria	Wire lettuce	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Stephanomeria exigua Nutt. ssp. exigua	Small wirelettuce	Introduced, N. America native, Impersistent			NYFA-Xm USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies

NothocalaisEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Microseridinae — Nothocalais
Nothocalais	False agoseris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Nothocalais cuspidata (Pursh) Greene 1814. Troximon cuspidatum Pursh 1840. Agoseris cuspidata (Pursh) Raf. 1866. Microseris cuspidata (Pursh) Sch. Bip. 1886. N. cuspidata (Pursh) Greene	Prairie false dandelion, Sharppoint prairie-dandelion, Wavy-leaf prairie-dandelion, Toothed microseris Microséris cuspidé	N. America native Great Plains, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN VASCAN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies

MalacothrixEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Microseridinae — Malacothrix
Malacothrix	Desert-dandelion	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Malacothrix sonchoides (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray	Sowthistle desertdandelion	N. America native western N. America, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies

Subtribe CichoriinaeEdit

CichoriumEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Cichoriinae — Cichorium
Cichorium	Chicory	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Cichorium intybus L. 1753. Cichorium intybus L.	Chicory, Succory, Blue sailors, French endive Chicorée sauvage, Chicorée amère, Chicorée	Introduced from Eurasia, Tunisia, Potentially invasive FACU Biennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies

ArnoserisEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Cichorieae — Cichoriinae — Arnoseris
Arnoseris	Arnoseris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Arnoseris minima (L.) Schweigg. & Körte 1753. Hyoseris minima L 1811. Arnoseris minima (L.) Schweigg. & Körte	Lamb's succory, Lamb's lettuce, Swine's succory Porcelle des moutons, Chicorée de mouton, Arnoséris minime, Arnoséris naine	Introduced, Impersistent, No specimens			NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies

Tribe VernonieaeEdit

Subtribe VernoniineaeEdit

VernoniaEdit

Asterales — Asteraceae — Cichorioideae — Vernonieae — Vernoniineae — Vernonia
Vernonia	Ironweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Michx. 1753. Serratula noveboracensis L. 1762. Behen noveboracensis (L.) Hill 1803. V. noveboracensis (L.) Michx. 1891. Cacalia noveboracensis (L.) Kuntze 1906. V. harperi Gleason	New York ironweed	Native, CoC: 3, Likely secure FACW Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-4 USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. ex Branner & Coville ssp. gigantea 1788. Chrysocoma gigantea Walter 1818. Vernonia altissima Nutt. 1891. Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. 1891. Cacalia gigantea (Walter) Kuntze	Tall ironweed, Giant ironweed Vernonie géante	Native, CoC: 0, Endangered FAC-FACW Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-1 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Vernonia arkansana DC.	Arkansas ironweed	Introduced, N. America native Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-Xm USDA-NN Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies
Vernonia fasciculata Michx. 1803. Vernonia fasciculata Michx. 1907. V. fasciculata var. corymbosa 1972. V. fasciculata ssp. corymbosa	Smooth ironweed, Fascicled ironweed, Prairie ironweed Vernonie fasciculée	Introduced from Midwest, N. America native Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-Xm USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Vernonia glauca (L.) Willd. 1753. Serratula glauca L. 1803. Vernonia glauca (L.) Willd. 1884. V. noveboracensis var. tomentosa	Broadleaf ironweed	Introduced from PA south, N. America native, No NY reports Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-Unlisted USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies
Vernonia missurica Raf. Vernonia missurica Raf.	Missouri ironweed	Introduced from south-central US, midwestern US, N. America native, No NY reports, naturalized in MA FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-Unlisted USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN BONAP Images Wikispecies

[1] ICN (Hand R., Kilian N. & Raab-Straube E. von; general editors) 2009+ (continuously updated): International Cichorieae Network: Cichorieae Portal. Published at http://cichorieae.e-taxonomy.net/portal/; accessed 21 Sep. 2015.

[2] NYFA finds T. lamottei to be a distinct species, not found in New York, while NRCS gives T. lamottei as the accepted name for T. pratensis. Other sources treat T. lamottei as a synonym of T. pratensis.

[3] New York Flora Atlas (NYFA): Mycelis genus page

[4] MapInvasives (2022). Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis New York Species Record

[5] Bräutigam, S. & Greuter, W. (2007). A new treatment of Pilosella for the Euro-Mediterranean flora (Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes 24). – Willdenowia 37: 123-137 – ISSN 0511-9618; © 2007 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem.

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]