AffirmativeEdit
Verbs ending in vowelsEdit
The easiest case is when the verb stem ends in a vowel, where the suffix simply becomes -r, followed by the usual personal endings.
| solumak
|
|---|
| ben solurum
|
I inhale
|
|---|
| sen solursun
|
you inhale
|
|---|
| o solur
|
he/she inhales
|
|---|
| biz soluruz
|
we inhale
|
|---|
| siz solursunuz
|
you inhale
|
|---|
| onlar solur(lar)
|
they inhale
|
|---|
|
Multi-syllable verbs ending in consonantsEdit
In all multi-syllable verbs ending in consonants, the suffix -ır/ir/ur/ür is used, obeying 4-way vowel harmony, followed by the usual personal endings.
| eritmek
|
|---|
| ben eritirim
|
I melt
|
|---|
| sen eritirsin
|
you melt
|
|---|
| o eritir
|
he/she melt
|
|---|
| biz eritiriz
|
we melt
|
|---|
| siz eritirsiniz
|
you melt
|
|---|
| onlar eritir(ler)
|
they melt
|
|---|
|
| yorulmak
|
|---|
| ben yorulurum
|
I get tired
|
|---|
| sen yorulursun
|
you get tired
|
|---|
| o yorulur
|
he/she gets tired
|
|---|
| biz yoruluruz
|
we get tired
|
|---|
| siz yorulursunuz
|
you get tired
|
|---|
| onlar yorulur(lar)
|
they get tired
|
|---|
|
Single-syllable verbs ending in consonantsEdit
Most single-syllable verbs take the ending -ar/er in the aortist, but there are 16 irregular verbs that take -ır/ir/ur/ür instead, a list of which is found below. The two verbs etmek and gitmek undergo consonant voicing, as in the present tense.
| bakmak
|
|---|
| ben bakarım
|
I look
|
|---|
| sen bakarsın
|
you look
|
|---|
| o bakar
|
he/she looks
|
|---|
| biz bakarız
|
we look
|
|---|
| siz bakarsınız
|
you look
|
|---|
| onlar bakar(lar)
|
they look
|
|---|
|
| düşmek
|
|---|
| ben düşerim
|
I fall
|
|---|
| sen düşersin
|
you fall
|
|---|
| o düşer
|
he/she fall
|
|---|
| biz düşeriz
|
we fall
|
|---|
| siz düşersiniz
|
you fall
|
|---|
| onlar düşer(ler)
|
they fall
|
|---|
|
The ExceptionsEdit
|
|
|---|
| almak
|
to buy
|
|---|
| bilmek
|
to know
|
|---|
| bulmak
|
to find
|
|---|
| denmek
|
to say (passive)
|
|---|
| durmak
|
to stop
|
|---|
| gelmek
|
to come
|
|---|
| görmek
|
to see
|
|---|
| kalmak
|
to stay
|
|---|
| olmak
|
to be
|
|---|
| ölmek
|
to die
|
|---|
| sanmak
|
to think/beleive
|
|---|
| varmak
|
to arrive
|
|---|
| vermek
|
to give
|
|---|
| vurmak
|
to hit
|
|---|
| yenmek
|
to eat (passive)
|
|---|
| yunmak
|
to bath (very archaic/dialectical, very few people use in standard speech)
|
|---|
The negative form of the aorist is -ma(z)/me(z), very different from the affirmative form. -mez version of the suffix is most often pronounced /mæz/ rather than /mez/, the e being pronounced similar to the a in trap.
| gitmek
|
|---|
| ben gitmem
|
I don't go
|
|---|
| sen gitmezsin
|
you don't go
|
|---|
| o gitmez
|
he/she doesn't go
|
|---|
| biz gitmeyiz
|
we don't go
|
|---|
| siz gitmezsiniz
|
you don't go
|
|---|
| onlar gitmezler
|
they don't go
|
|---|
InterrogativeEdit
The question particle comes between the suffix and the personal ending like usual, regularizing the negative version in 1. person singular and plural.
|
|
|---|
| döner miyiz
|
Do we return?
|
|---|
| kalkmaz mıyız
|
Don't we leave?
|
|---|
