AffirmativeEdit
Verbs ending in vowelsEdit
The easiest case is when the verb stem ends in a vowel, where the suffix simply becomes -r, followed by the usual personal endings.
solumak
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ben solurum
|
I inhale
|
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sen solursun
|
you inhale
|
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o solur
|
he/she inhales
|
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biz soluruz
|
we inhale
|
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siz solursunuz
|
you inhale
|
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onlar solur(lar)
|
they inhale
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|
Multi-syllable verbs ending in consonantsEdit
In all multi-syllable verbs ending in consonants, the suffix -ır/ir/ur/ür is used, obeying 4-way vowel harmony, followed by the usual personal endings.
eritmek
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ben eritirim
|
I melt
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sen eritirsin
|
you melt
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o eritir
|
he/she melt
|
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biz eritiriz
|
we melt
|
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siz eritirsiniz
|
you melt
|
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onlar eritir(ler)
|
they melt
|
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|
yorulmak
|
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ben yorulurum
|
I get tired
|
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sen yorulursun
|
you get tired
|
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o yorulur
|
he/she gets tired
|
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biz yoruluruz
|
we get tired
|
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siz yorulursunuz
|
you get tired
|
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onlar yorulur(lar)
|
they get tired
|
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|
Single-syllable verbs ending in consonantsEdit
Most single-syllable verbs take the ending -ar/er in the aortist, but there are 16 irregular verbs that take -ır/ir/ur/ür instead, a list of which is found below. The two verbs etmek and gitmek undergo consonant voicing, as in the present tense.
bakmak
|
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ben bakarım
|
I look
|
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sen bakarsın
|
you look
|
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o bakar
|
he/she looks
|
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biz bakarız
|
we look
|
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siz bakarsınız
|
you look
|
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onlar bakar(lar)
|
they look
|
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|
düşmek
|
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ben düşerim
|
I fall
|
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sen düşersin
|
you fall
|
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o düşer
|
he/she fall
|
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biz düşeriz
|
we fall
|
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siz düşersiniz
|
you fall
|
---|
onlar düşer(ler)
|
they fall
|
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|
The ExceptionsEdit
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almak
|
to buy
|
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bilmek
|
to know
|
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bulmak
|
to find
|
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denmek
|
to say (passive)
|
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durmak
|
to stop
|
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gelmek
|
to come
|
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görmek
|
to see
|
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kalmak
|
to stay
|
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olmak
|
to be
|
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ölmek
|
to die
|
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sanmak
|
to think/beleive
|
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varmak
|
to arrive
|
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vermek
|
to give
|
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vurmak
|
to hit
|
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yenmek
|
to eat (passive)
|
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yunmak
|
to bath (very archaic/dialectical, very few people use in standard speech)
|
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The negative form of the aorist is -ma(z)/me(z), very different from the affirmative form. -mez version of the suffix is most often pronounced /mæz/ rather than /mez/, the e being pronounced similar to the a in trap.
gitmek
|
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ben gitmem
|
I don't go
|
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sen gitmezsin
|
you don't go
|
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o gitmez
|
he/she doesn't go
|
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biz gitmeyiz
|
we don't go
|
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siz gitmezsiniz
|
you don't go
|
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onlar gitmezler
|
they don't go
|
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InterrogativeEdit
The question particle comes between the suffix and the personal ending like usual, regularizing the negative version in 1. person singular and plural.
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döner miyiz
|
Do we return?
|
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kalkmaz mıyız
|
Don't we leave?
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