Flora of New York/Iridaceae & Asphodelaceae
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Table of contents |
Genus index |
Protected species index | Invasive species index | ||
The classification scheme used here for the order Asparagales is from P.F. Stevens, (2001-2015). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, April 2015. - University of Missouri, St Louis, and Missouri Botanical Garden.
Family Hypoxidaceae
editThe Hypoxidaceae[1]
Hypoxis
editOf about seven Hypoxis species found in North America, the only Hypoxis species reported in New York is Hypoxis hirsuta (yellow stargrass).
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Genus Hypoxis | Star grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Coville 1753. Ornithogalum hirsutum L.
1759. Hypoxis erecta L.
1803. Hypoxis carolinensis Michx.
1814. Hypoxis graminea Pursh
1894. Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville
1894. Hypoxis micrantha Pollard |
Eastern yellow stargrass, Common goldstar, Common stargrass, Yellow stargrass Hypoxis hirsute |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FAC Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNAFNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Iridaceae
editThe Iridaceae (iris family) ...
Subfamily Iridoideae
editTribe Irideae
editIris
editIris subg. Limniris
editIris subg. Limniris sect. Limniris includes irises often referred to as flags, the most common of which is the northern blue flag (Iris versicolor), which grows in a wide range of wetland types.
Iris versicolor has been shown to be an amphidiploid between Iris virginica (n=35) and Iris hookeri (n=19).[1] |
Genus Iris subg. Limniris sect. Limniris | Iris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. Iris hookeri (2n=38) × Iris virginica (2n=70) → 2n=108 1753. Iris versicolor L.
1863. Xiphion versicolor (L.) Alef.
2007. Limniris versicolor (L.) Rodion. |
Blue flag, Harlequin blueflag, Larger blue flag, Northern blue flag, Hybrid of Hooker's iris & Southern blueflag Iris versicolore, Clajeux |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
Pursh 1814. Iris prismatica Pursh
1840. Iris carolina Radius ex Steud.
2007. Limniris prismatica Rodion. |
Slender blue flag, Slender blue iris, Cube iris, Coastal iris |
Native, CoC: 9, Threatened, DEC-B[1] OBL |
NYFA: 2 |
USDA-NX Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Iris virginica L.
1890. Iris caroliniana S.Watson
1913. Iris georgiana Britton
1927. Iris shrevei Small
1936. Iris virginica var. shrevei E.S.Anderson |
Southern blueflag, Shreve's iris, Virginia iris Iris de Virginie |
Native, CoC: 5, Endangered, DEC-A[2] OBL Perennial, Heerb-forb |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Iris pseudacorus L.
1789. Iris palustris (L.) L.Gaterau superfl.
1817. Iris paludosa Pers.
1852. Limnirion pseudacorus Opiz
1866. Limniris pseudacorus Fuss |
Yellow iris, Pale-yellow iris, Yellow flag, Yellow water iris Iris faux-acore, Iris jaune, Iris des marais, Fleur-de-lis |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Highly invasive, NYIS: 76%[3], CP-3[4], Prohibited[5] |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Iris sibirica L. in…
1794. Iris stricta Moench in…
1796. Iris angustifolia Salisb. in… |
Siberian iris, Iris de Sibérie |
Introduced from Eurasia, IPA |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Iris subg. Limniris sect. Lophiris | Iris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Sol. ex Aiton 1789. Iris cristata Sol. ex Aiton
1863. Neubeckia cristata Alef.
1882. Evansia cristata Klatt
1913. Iris cristata var. alba Dykes |
Crested iris, Dwarf crested iris |
Introduced from southeast USA, North America native |
NYFA: X |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Iris subg. Limniris (excluded taxa) | Iris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. var. smalliana Fernald ex M.E.Edwards1753. Iris verna L. in…
1790. Gattenhofia verna (L.) Medik. in…
1796. Iris vernalis Salisb. in…
1933. Neubeckia verna (L.) Small in…
1947. Iris verna var. smalliana Fernald in…
1969. Iris verna var. smalliana Fernald ex M.E.Edwards in…
2015. Gattenhofia verna var. smalliana in… |
Dwarf iris, Dwarf violet iris, Upland violet iris, Vernal iris |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA: 0 |
USDA-N ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies Note: POW | |
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Iris subg. Iris
editGenus Iris subg. Iris | Iris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. [ I. pallida × I. variegata × I. … ] 1753. Iris germanica L.
1753. Iris × germanica L. (pro sp.)
1759. Iris florentina L.
1993. Iris × conglomerata N.C.Hend. |
German iris, Orris, Tall bearded iris, Flag, Flags iris d'Allemagne, iris bleu d'Allemagne |
Introduced from e. Mediterranean, Widely cultivated |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Iris subg. Pardanthopsis
editIris subgenus Pardanthopsis contains the two species Iris dichotoma and Iris domestica.
Despite possessing a "very un-Iris-like flower," [1] the sole species of Belamcanda has recently been transferred to the genus Iris, as Iris domestica. [2]
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Genus Iris subg. Hermodactyloides | Iris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Goldblatt & Mabb. 1753. Epidendrum domesticum L.
1753. Ixia chinensis L.
1794. Belamcanda punctata Moench
1805. Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.
1891. Gemmingia chinensis (L.) Kuntze
1914. Vanilla domestica (L.) Druce
2005. Iris domestica (L.) Goldblatt & Mabb. |
Blackberry lily, Leopard flower, Leopard lily Iris tigre |
Introduced from temperate Asia, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: [1], Unknown naturalization |
NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Sisyrinchieae
editSisyrinchium
edit
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Genus Sisyrinchium L. 1753 | Blue-eyed-grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Greene 1899. Sisyrinchium montanum Greene
1899. Sisyrinchium heterocarpum E.P.Bicknell
1899. Sisyrinchium alpestre E.P.Bicknell
1946. Sisyrinchium montanum var. crebrum Fernald
1948. Sisyrinchium montanum ssp. crebrum Böcher
1949. Sisyrinchium bermudiana var. crebrum B.Boivin
auct. Sisyrinchium angustifolium non Mill. |
Strict blue-eyed grass, Mountain blue-eyed grass, Common blue-eyed grass, Little blue-eyed grass Bermudienne montagnarde, Herbe aux yeux bleus |
Native, CoC: 1, Secure Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Mill. 1768. Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill.
1783. Sisyrinchium gramineum Lam.
1896. Sisyrinchium graminoides E.P.Bicknell
auct. Sisyrinchium bermudiana non L. |
Narrowleaf blue-eyed grass, Narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass |
Native, CoC: 1, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
E.P.Bicknell 1896. Sisyrinchium atlanticum E.P.Bicknell
1899. Sisyrinchium apiculatum E.P.Bicknell
1964. Sisyrinchium mucronatum var. atlanticum H.E.Ahles |
Eastern blue-eyed grass | Native, CoC: 1, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
E.P.Bicknell Sisyrinchium arenicola
Sisyrinchium farwellii
Sisyrinchium incrustatum
Sisyrinchium rufipes
Sisyrinchium tenellum |
Coastal-plain blue-eyed grass |
Native, CoC: 1, Rare |
NYFA: 3 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. 1803. Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michx.
1892. Sisyrinchium angustifolium var. mucronatum Baker
1899. Sisyrinchium intermedium E.P.Bicknell |
Michaux's blue-eyed-grass, Needletip blue-eyed grass |
Native, CoC: 1, Endangered, DEC-1[1] |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Raf. Sisyrinchium asheianum
Sisyrinchium bermudianum
Sisyrinchium floridanum
Sisyrinchium hastile
Sisyrinchium niveum
Sisyrinchium scabrellum |
White blue-eyed grass, Pale blue-eyed grass |
Native, CoC: 10, Endangered |
NYFA: ? |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies Note: FNA[2] | |
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Sisyrinchium species | Stem branching | Stem width (mm) | Stem length | Leaf width | Leaf length | Petal length | Flower color |
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S. angustifolium | some | broad, 2.5-5 | ≤ 5 dm (20") | 1.5–6 mm (< 1/4") | long | ≥ 7 mm | blue-violet |
S. atlanticum | some | narrow, 0.5-2 | long | ≤ 2 mm (<1/12") | short | blue-violet | |
S. montanum | rarely | broad, 1.5-4 | ≤ 5 dm (20") | 2–3 mm (~1/8") | long | ≥ 8 mm | blue-violet |
S. mucronatum | none | wiry, 0.9-1.5 | ≤ 4.5 dm (18") | 1–2 mm (~1/12") | short, 70–150 mm | blue-violet | |
S. albidum | broad, 1.5-4 | ≤ 4 dm (16") | 1.5–4 mm | white |
Subfamily Crocoideae
editTribe Ixiae
editCrocus
editThe only vouchered Crocus specimen listed from New York State is of Crocus tommasinianus, which is listed as not naturalized in the New York Flora Atlas. However, several other Crocus species have appeared on the checklist of New York State plants, [1] but these are now listed as "excluded" in the Flora Atlas.
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Genus Crocus | Crocus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Herb. 1847. Crocus tommasinianus Herb. |
Early crocus, Woodland crocus |
Introduced, Not naturalized Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Xm NYFA: Bronx (2012) 12 counties |
USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Hill 1756. Crocus sativusvar. vernus L. 1765. Crocus vernus (L.) Hill 1805. Crocus vernus var. neapolitanus Ker Gawl. |
Dutch crocus, Spring crocus Crocus de printemps, Crocus de Naples, Crocus printanier |
Introduced from Europe, No specimens |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Weston |
Cloth of gold | Introduced, No specimens |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Ten. (1826) |
Early crocus, Naples crocus |
Introduced, No specimens |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
J.Gay (1831) |
Sieber's crocus, Greek crocus |
Introduced, No specimens |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Asphodelaceae
editThe Asphodelaceae (or Hemerocallidaceae[1]) family contains the non-native orange and yellow daylilies.
Submily Hemerocallidoideae
editTribe Hemerocallideae
editHemerocallis
editAlthough the common form of the orange daylily Hemerocallis fulva is a seedless triploid and essentially sterile, it has persisted after, and escaped from cultivation so successfully using vegetative means such as root fragments, that it is considered invasive in much of the world, including New York. By contrast, the fertile diploid yellow daylily, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, though reportedly naturalized in some places, is not currently considered invasive.
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Genus Hemerocallis | Daylily | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. (L.) 1753. H. lilioasphodelusvar. fulvus L. 1762. Hemerocallis fulva L. 1866. H. fulvavar. kwanso Regel 1930. H. fulvavar. rosea Stout |
Orange daylily, Tawny daylily, Fulvous daylily, Ditch lily Hémérocalle fauve, Lis d’un jour |
Introduced from temperate Asia, India, Invasive, NYIS: 46%[1], CP-3[2] |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L. 1762. Hemerocallis flava L. 1790. Hemerocallis lutea Gaertn. |
Yellow daylily, Lemon-lily, Lemon daylily |
Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive |
NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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