Lessons · Vocabulary · Grammar · Appendices · Texts
V: Illness edit
Vocabulary (audio ) Illness · La maladie | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| To ache | |||
| avoir mal au/à la/à l'/aux... | to have a ...ache, to hurt | avoir mal au ventre | to have a bellyache |
| avoir mal à la tête | to have a headache | avoir mal partout | to ache all over |
| avoir mal à l'oreille | to have an earache | avoir des maux de cœur | to feel sick, nauseaus |
| avoir mal aux dents | to have a toothache | Actions | |
| Sickness and Pain | éternuer | to sneeze | |
| être malade | to be sick | s'évanouir | to faint |
| avoir la grippe | to have the flu | saigner | to bleed |
| avoir de la fièvre | to have a fever | tousser | to cough |
| être enrhumé | to have a cold | vomir | to throw up |
G: Simple Future of Irregular Verbs edit
The simple future of irregular verbs, like the passé composé of many irregular verbs, must be memorized. What makes this somewhat easy is that verbs with similar endings normally have similar future stems.
For example, the future stem of the verb venir is viendr-. Verbs like venir (devenir, revenir) have a very similar stem (deviendr-, reviendr-).
G: Issuing Commands in French - l'impératif edit
- The nous form commands are used to say "Let's...".
- The subject is not used when giving a command.
Formation edit
Take away the ending and add on the following shown in the table.
Grammar The Imperative · L'impératif | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -er Verbs | -ir Verbs | -re Verbs | ||||
| Subject | Ending | Verb | Ending | Verb | Ending | Verb |
| Tu | -e | Parle! | -is | Finis! | -s | Vends! |
| Nous | -ons | Parlons! | -issons | Finissons! | -ons | Vendons! |
| Vous | -ez | Parlez! | -issez | Finissez! | -ez | Vendez! |
Affirmative edit
Negative edit
The negative imperative is formed by placing the imperative between "ne" and "pas/jamais/rien/etcetera."
Ne parle pas! (Don't speak!)
Ne regarde jamais le soleil! (Never look at the sun!)
G: Adverbs edit
French adverbs, like their English counterparts, are used to modify adjectives, other adverbs, and verbs or clauses. They do not display any inflection; that is, their form does not change to reflect their precise role, nor any characteristics of what they modify.
Formation edit
In French, as in English, most adverbs are derived from adjectives. In most cases, this is done by adding the suffix -ment ("-ly") to the adjective's feminine singular form. For example, the feminine singular form of lent ("slow") is lente, so the corresponding adverb is lentement ("slowly"); similarly, heureux → heureusement ("happy" → "happily").
As in English, however, the adjective stem is sometimes modified to accommodate the suffix: Audio : Native French Speaker
- If the adjective ends in an i, then -ment is added to the masculine singular (default) form, rather than to the feminine singular form:
- vrai → vraiment ("real" → "really")
- poli → poliment ("polite" → "politely")
- If the adjective ends in -ant or -ent, then the corresponding adverb ends in -amment or -emment, respectively:
- constant → constamment ("constant" → "constantly")
- récent → récemment ("recent" → "recently")
- Some adjectives make other changes:
- précis → précisément ("precise" → "precisely")
- gentil → gentiment ("nice" → "nicely")
Some adverbs are derived from adjectives in completely irregular fashions, not even using the suffix -ment:
- bon → bien ("good" → "well")
- mauvais → mal ("bad" → "badly")
- meilleur → mieux ("better"-adjective → "better"-adverb)
- pire → pis ("worse"-adjective → "worse"-adverb)
And, as in English, many common adverbs are not derived from adjectives at all:
- ainsi ("thus" or "thusly")
Placement edit
The placement of French adverbs is almost the same as the placement of English adverbs.
Audio : Native French Speaker
An adverb that modifies an adjective or adverb comes before that adjective or adverb:
- complètement vrai ("completely true")
- pas possible ("not possible")
- tellement discrètement ("so discreetly")
An adverb that modifies an Infinitive (verbal noun) generally comes after the infinitive:
- marcher lentement ("to walk slowly")
But negative adverbs, such as pas ("not"), plus ("not any more"), and jamais come before the infinitive:
- ne pas marcher ("not to walk")
An adverb that modifies a main verb or clause comes either after the verb, or before the clause:
- Lentement il commença à marcher or Il commença lentement à marcher ("Slowly, he began to walk" or "He began slowly to walk").
Note that, unlike in English, this is true even of negative adverbs:
- Jamais je n'ai fait cela or Je n'ai jamais fait cela ("Never have I done that" or "I've never done that")
V: Visiting the Doctor edit
Audio : Native French Speaker
Le patient :
- Je suis malade. (I am ill).
- J'ai mal à la tête. (I have a headache).
- J'ai de la fièvre. (I am fevrish)
- J'ai mal au ventre.
- Je vomis. (I vomit)
- Je tousse. (I cough)
Le docteur
- Comment allez-vous ?
- Prenez de l'aspirine.
- Je vais vous prescrire un médicament.
- Prenez une cuillère de sirop matin, midi et soir
- Il faut passer un "scanner"
- Il faut passer des radios.
- Il faut vous opérer.
V: Visiting the Dentist edit
Audio : Native French Speaker
- J'ai mal aux dents.
- Vous avez une carie.
- Je dois procéder à une extraction. (Il va enlever la dent)
- J'ai un appareil dentaire.
- Je vais utiliser la roulette.
- Ahhhhhhhhhh !
V: Healthcare edit
V: Emergencies edit
Audio : Native French Speaker
- Je vais à l'hôpital.
- C'est grave !
- Je vais aux urgences.
- J'ai eu un accident de voiture.
- SAMU=Service Ambulancier Médical d'Urgence
- En cas d'accident grave, il faut téléphoner au SAMU (15) ou aux pompiers (18) ou au 112.
V: Medicine edit
| French | English |
|---|---|
| le comprimé | tablet/pill |
V: Body parts edit
Here is the vocabulary to speak about body parts :
Audio : Native French Speaker
Audio : Native French Speaker
| French | English |
|---|---|
| La tête (lah teht) | Head |
| Le corps (luh cohr) | Body |
| Le bras (luh brah) | Arm |
| La jambe (lah zhah(n)b) | Leg |
| La poitrine (lah pwah-treen) | Chest |
| Le ventre | Belly |
| L'épaule (f) | Shoulder |
| Le coude | Elbow |
| Le poignet | Wrist |
| La main | Hand |
| Le doigt | Finger |
| Le genou | Knee |
| Le pied | Foot |
| L'orteil (m) | Toe |
| L'œil (m) (pl. les yeux) |
Eye |
| La bouche | Mouth |
| La dent | Tooth |
| Le nez | Nose |
| L'oreille (f) | Ear |
| Le cou | Neck |
| La langue | Tongue |
| Les cheveux | Hair |
| L'ongle (m) | Nail |
| Le poumon | Lung |
| L'estomac (m) | Stomach |
| Le cœur | Heart |
| Le foie | Liver |
| L'intestin (m) | Intestine |
| L'os (m) | Bone |
| Le crâne | Skull |
| Le muscle | Muscle |
| Le cerveau | Brain |
| La rate | Spleen |
| L'utérus (m) | Womb |
| Le nombril | Navel, belly button |
V: Body position edit
And here is the vocabulary for body positions :
| French | English |
|---|---|
| Debout | Standing |
| Assis | Sitting |
| Couché | Lying down |
| À genoux | Kneeling |
| Accroupi | Squatted |
V: Common sentences edit
When you 'catch a cold' you 'attrapes un rhume'. When you're sick, tu es malade. When you wish to say that parts of your body are sore, you say "J'ai mal au/à la/à l'/aux [body part] ...". Example: J'ai mal à la tete. (I have a headache); J'ai mal aux dents (My teeth hurt).
E: 3.03 1 - Body Parts - Visual Memorization edit
- Point to different parts of the body and recite its name in French par cœur.
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