Nineteenth Century
Author: Jane Doe
Preliminary Remarks The official first edition of this chapter has been published by Routledge. It can be purchased as a printed book or downloaded. This Wikibook serves as an open access backup of the official version. It should be noted that some chapters have not yet been adapted to match the official version. For authoritative reading, we therefore refer you to the version published by Routledge. For each chapter, interactive exercises have been created which can be accessed on our website. Simply follow this link or scan the QR code to access the exercises. |  |
Required knowledge: Link
Learning objectives: Understanding XY.
This is where the text begins.[1] This template follows our style guide. Please take into account our guidelines for didactics. If you're wondering how to create text in Wikibooks, feel free to check out our guide on how to write in Wikibooks.
This is your advanced content. You can create this text box using our template "Advanced". How to do this is described here.
Example for to example topic: This is your example.
Test your knowledge in our learning area.
Just replace the content above and below with your content.
A. Introduction edit
Ideas stemming from the nineteenth century and ideas about the nineteenth century are firmly engrained in the collective memory of modern and contemporary international lawyers, and the developments that took place during the nineteenth century continue to shape the material conditions of global wealth and power distribution. When international lawyers refer to the nineteenth century, they usually mean the 'long' nineteenth century.[2] To mark the beginning of this long nineteenth cenurty, one can refer to the revolutions in the United States of America (1776), France (1789), and Haiti (1791). The end of the long nineteenth century is usually determined either with the beginning of the First World War in 1914 or with the October Revolution and the revolutionary Mexican Constitution in 1917. Among the many developments that took place within the long nineteenth century and that have shaped the modern world, this chapter focuses on five developments that were particularly pertinent to international law: First, the revolutions that mark both the beginning and the end of the 'long' nineteenth century; second, the ‘first globalization’, i.e. the ‘expansion’ of the subject-matters regulated by international law as a response to increasing global networks of communication, commerce, and domination and the emergence of something that from a present-day perspective can be recognized as an ‘internationalist ethos’, including all the ambiguities that this ethos still carries today; third, the formalisation of colonial empire; fourth, the establishment of an international system based on state sovereignty; and, fifth, the emergence of international law as an academic discipline that we can recognize as similar to its present-day counterpart and the establishment of a 'science of international law'.
Further Readings edit
- Source I
- Source II
Conclusion edit
- Summary I
- Summary II
Footnotes edit
- ↑ The first footnote. Please adhere to OSCOLA when formating citations. Whenever possible, provide a link with the citation, ideally to an open-access source.
- ↑ Antony Anghie, ‘Finding the Peripheries: Sovereignty and Colonialism in Nineteenth-Century International Law’ (1999) 40 Harvard International Law Journal 1-80, at 1; Inge van Hulle / Randall Lesaffaer (eds), International Law in the Long Nineteenth Century (1776-1914): From the Public Law of Europe to Global International Law(Leiden/Boston Brill Nijhoff ); For historical works on the 'long' nineteenth century, see: Christopher Alan Bayly, The Birth of the Modern World 1780-1914 (Blackwell Publishing 2004); Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of Revolution 1789-1848 (Vintage Books 1996); Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of Capital 1848-1875 (Abacus 1975); Eric Hobsbawm, The Age of Empire 1875-1914 (Vintage Books 1987).