Persian/Lesson 13

Iran

Afghanistan

Tajikistan

فارسی (‹fârsi›, “Persian”)
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ContentsIntroduction
Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ )2 ( ۲ )3 ( ۳ )4 ( ۴ )
Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ )6 ( ۶ )7 ( ۷ )8 ( ۸ )9 ( ۹ )
10 ( ۱۰ )11 ( ۱۱ )12 ( ۱۲ )13 ( ۱۳ )14 ( ۱۴ )15 ( ۱۵ )
Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ )17 ( ۱۷ )18 ( ۱۸ )19 ( ۱۹ )20 ( ۲۰ )
21 ( ۲۱ )22 ( ۲۲ )23 ( ۲۳ )24 ( ۲۴ )25 ( ۲۵ )26 ( ۲۶ )
Advanced:
Appendix: AlphabetGlossaryHandwriting

Farsi

To continue, your computer must display Persian. The box below should show these Persian letters on the far right:
ا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح خ د ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ه ی

If they are different or in the wrong order, see Persian Computing.


In lessons ... through ..., you learned ....

In this lesson, you will learn about personal clitics used after noun phrases, alternative pronomial direct objects as clitics, and differences between spoken and written forms.

Dialogue: ... ‹...›

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... talks with ...:

...: ‹...›
“....”
...
  Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.
...:
...: ‹...›
“....”
...
  Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.
...:
...: ‹...›
“....”
...
  Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.
...:
...: ‹...›
“....”
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  Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.
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Explanation

... and ... are....

Vocabulary

درس 13

ق چ
زيبا دوچرخه سواري را دوست دارد
قاشقlepel
بشقابbord
سفرهtafelkleed
اتاقkamer
دوچرخهfiets
چايthee
پيچschroef
سفتzacht
آوردنbrengen
ريختنschenken
آچارgereedschap
بازopen
بستهdicht
دوچرخه سواري كردنfietsen, (werkwoord)
قندsuikerklontje
شيرينzoet
زيباmooi, ook een meisjesnaam
خرابkapot
دانستنweten, (werkwoord)
امين واكرم به مادر خود كمك مي كنندAmin en Akram helpen hun eigen moeder
اكرم سفره و قاشق و بشقاب را به اتاق مياوردAkram brengt het bord, de lepel en het tafelkleed naar de kamer
مادر زيبا چاي درست كردDe moeder van Ziba zet thee
زيبا دوچرخه سواري را دوست داردZiba houdt van fietsen
تكليف. شب. – Huiswerk
جمله بسازيد . دوچرخه . قاشق . چاي . – Een zin maken
فعل بسازيد . مي داند . مي آورد. ريختن - werkwoord vervoegen


Personal clitics with noun phrases

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Grammar: (bound) personal enclitics after (singular or plural) noun phrase:

  • After consonant: /am/, /at/, /aš/, /emân/, /etân/, /ešân/
  • After و or ا, /yam/, /yat/...
  • After ه or ی, singular suffixes are spelled with leading zwnj+ا.

Often expresses possession /pedaram/ ("my father"), /dust-e xubam/ ("my good friend")

alternative pronomial direct objects as enclitics

Colloquial

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Differences between spoken and written forms

  • written را colloquially ‹o› or ‹ro›. With possessive endings:
    • کتابم را به او دادم ‹ketâbamow be u dâdam› (“I gave my book to him.”)
    • کتابت را به او دادم ‹ketâbatow be u dâdam› (“I gave your book to him.”)
    • کتابش را به او دادم ‹ketâbašow be u dâdam› (“I gave her book to him.”)
    • کتابمان را به او دادم ‹ketâbemunow be u dâdam› (“I gave our book to him.”)
    • کتابتان را به او دادم ‹ketâbetunow be u dâdam› (“I gave your book to him.”)
    • کتابشان را به او دادم ‹ketâbašunow be u dâdam› (“I gave their book to him.”)
  • colloquial ‹e›, ‹s› for است
  • colloquial verb endings: ه ‹eh›
  • written ان ‹ân› vs spoken ‹un›, but not in خانم ‹xânom›

Colloquially, when ‹â› comes before ‹a›, the latter elides:

  • دست‌هایم ‹dasthâyam› (“my hands”) pronounced ‹dastâm›
  • پایم ‹pâyam› (“my foot”) pronounced ‹pâm›

Notes

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Next: Lesson 14 ( ۱۴ ), Light verbs

Continue to Lesson 14 ( ۱۴ ), Light verbs >>

ContentsIntroduction

Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ )2 ( ۲ )3 ( ۳ )4 ( ۴ )
Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ )6 ( ۶ )7 ( ۷ )8 ( ۸ )9 ( ۹ )
10 ( ۱۰ )11 ( ۱۱ )12 ( ۱۲ )13 ( ۱۳ )14 ( ۱۴ )15 ( ۱۵ )
Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ )17 ( ۱۷ )18 ( ۱۸ )19 ( ۱۹ )20 ( ۲۰ )
21 ( ۲۱ )22 ( ۲۲ )23 ( ۲۳ )24 ( ۲۴ )25 ( ۲۵ )26 ( ۲۶ )
Advanced:
Appendix: AlphabetGlossaryHandwriting


 
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