Fractals/unroll
Unrolling is an example of plane transformation
name
editExamples
editcircle
edit- unrolling the circumference of a unit circle o see how long it is[6]
- "Unrolling these circles fills a triangle with base 2 π r and height r (where r is the radius of the filled disk). Such a triangle has area π r². This does not serve as a complete proof for why this is the area of a circle, but can give you some intuition for why it should be." Matthen[7]
Image magic:[8]
convert sun.jpg +distort DePolar 0 result.jpg
ellipse
edit- Rolling ellipses of different dimensions to measure their perimeters[9]
cardioid
editTo unroll the cardioid do:
- cardioid to circle transforamtion
- unroll the circle[10]
history
edit- 1988 : Heinz-Otto Peitgen, Dietmar Saupe, Yuval Fisher, & 5 more in book "The Science of Fractal Images" : "A region along the cardioid is continuously blown up and stretched out, so that the respective segment of the cardioid becomes a line segment. ... Our blow-up factor is chosen accordingly to the result that all disks in Figure 4.22 have the same size."
- Linas Vepstas 2000
- Claude Heiland-Allen 2013
images
editalgorithm
editThis image is made using algorithm described by Claude Heiland-Allen[11]
The main idea here is choose 3 points on the base image (P0, P1, Pinf) which define a circle, and map them respectively to 0., 1., inf. ( Geoffroy Billotey)
Figure 4.22 on pages 204-205 of the book titled : "The Science Of Fractal Images" by Heinz-Otto Peitgen[12] and D. Saupe has description:
A region along the cardioid is continuously blown up and stretched out, so that the respective segment of the cardioid becomes a line segment. ... Our blow-up factor is chosen accordingly to the result that all disks in Figure 4.22 have the same size.
transformation from line, thru half of the circle, to half of the cardioid
There are 3 complex planes :
- k-plane ( where are lines) in Claude Heiland-Allen notation
- w-plane ( where are circles)
- c-plane ( for cardioid )
2 steps from k-plane to c-plane:
- from k plane go to w plane using Moebius transformation fi
- from w plane go to the c plane using conformal map gi
so :
Maxima CAS src code
editz(%i1) k:x+y*%i; (%o1) %i*y+x (%i2) fi(k):=(-%i-k)/(%i-k); (%o2) fi(k):=−%i−k/%i−k (%i3) gi(w):=w/2-w*w/4; (%o3) gi(w):=w/2−(w*w)/4 (%i4) gfi(k):=gi(fi(k)); (%o4) gfi(k):=gi(fi(k)) (%i5) c:gfi(k)$
How to compute c from k without using CAS :
(%i6) ratsimp(realpart(c)); (%o6) (y^4−4*y^3+(2*x^2+2)*y^2+(4−4*x^2)*y+x^4+6*x^2−3)/(4*y^4−16*y^3+(8*x^2+24)*y^2+(−16*x^2−16)*y+4*x^4+8*x^2+4) (%i7) ratsimp(imagpart(c)); (%o7) −(2*x*y−2*x)/(y^4−4*y^3+(2*x^2+6)*y^2+(−4*x^2−4)*y+x^4+2*x^2+1)
Check the gfi function with some known values :
(%i8) gfi(0); (%o8) −3/4 (%i12) gfi(%i/3); (%o12) −2
Compare with
edit- shadertoy : The trees are breathing by jld
- shadertoy : Mandelstrip by jid
- Mandelbrot Set - Convergent Evolution of P/Q Limbs in Seahorse Valley by izaytsev0
- elephants (demo 2 page 10) ? There is just a rotation and rescaling on a small region instead of the non-linear transformation." See program Mandel by Wolf Jung demo 2 page 10
- Mandelbrot Buds and Branches by Timothy Chase
- Fractalshades examples: Moebius mapping
See also
editReferences
edit- ↑ motiontricks : unwrap-svg-circles-and-ellipses
- ↑ motiontricks : unroll-svg-circles-ellipses-and-spirals
- ↑ Rolling spirals by Valannorton
- ↑ mathematica.stackexchange question: unrolling-a-surface
- ↑ motiontricks : unfold-svg-shapes-and-lines
- ↑ blog.prepscholar : math-circles-geometry-formulas-and-strategies
- ↑ blog.matthen : unrolling-these-circles-fills-a-triangle-with-base
- ↑ stackoverflow question: converting-an-image-from-cartesian-to-polar-limb-darkening
- ↑ blog.matthen : tagged maths
- ↑ fractalforums.org : unrolled-or-uncurved-mandelbrot-main-left-circular-bulb
- ↑ stretching cusps by Claude Heiland-Allen
- ↑ wikipedia : Heinz-Otto Peitgen