Flora of New York/Poaceae 1

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See Poales genus index

The Poales...

According to the New York Flora Atlas, the New York population of Poaceae (the true gasses) contains 111 genera and 381 taxa.

Subfamily Panicoideae

The Panicoideae A.Braun (1864) membership used here is based on:

Tribe Paniceae

Tribe Paniceae R.Br. (1814) contains 1498 species in 84 genera in 7 subtribes: Anthephorinae, Dichantheliinae, Boivinellinae, Neurachninae, Melinidinae, Panicinae, Cenchrinae.

Subtribe Anthephorinae

The Anthephorinae Benth. (1881).

Digitaria

Digitaria ischaemum

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Anthephorinae — Digitaria
Digitaria Haller (1768)	Crabgrass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Digitaria cognata  (Schult.) Pilg. 1824. Panicum cognatum Schult. 1906. Leptoloma cognata (Schult.) Chase 1931. Digitaria cognata (Schult.) Pilg.	Fall witchgrass Fall crabgrass Mountain hairgrass Carolina crabgrass Carolina cottontop Diffuse crabgrass Digitaire d'automne	Native, CoC: 2, Secure Perennial, Graminoid		NYFA: 14 counties iNat: 2 counties	NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies
Digitaria filiformis  (L.) Koeler var. filiformis 1753. Panicum filiforme L. 1802. Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koeler 1877. Paspalum filiforme (L.) Flüggé 1877. Paspalum furcatum var. filiforme 1895. Syntherisma filiforme (L.) Nash	Slender crabgrass	Native, CoC: 9, Endangered, S1 Annual, Graminoid		8 counties	NYFA-1 USDA-N0 Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Digitaria sanguinalis  (L.) Scop. 1753. Panicum sanguinale L. 1771. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. 1867. Syntherisma sanguinale (L.) Dulac	Northern crab grass, Hairy crabgrass, Large crabgrass, Purple crabgrass Digitaire sanguine, Panic sanguin, Digitaire commune, Digitaire pourpre, Panic pourpré, Sanguinelle, Sanguinette	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Potentially invasive, Naturalized FACU Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN CABI Images Wikispecies
Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. 1804. Panicum ischaemum Schreb. 1805. Digitaria humifusa Pers. 1811. Panicum glabrum (Schrad.) Gaudin 1900. Syntherisma humifusum (Pers.) Rydb. 1817. D. ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.	Smooth crabgrass, Smooth crab grass, Small crabgrass, Smooth finger grass, Smooth summer grass Digitaire astringente, Digitaire couchée, Digitaire glabre, Digitaire ischème	Introduced from  Eurasia, Potentially invasive, Naturalized FACU-UPL Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN CABI Images Wikispecies
Digitaria ciliaris  (Retz.) Koeler 1786. Panicum ciliare Retz. 1802. Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler 1806. Syntherisma ciliare (Retz.) Schrad. 1934. D. adscendens (Kunth) Henrard	Southern crabgrass, Southern crab grass, Tropical finger-grass	Introduced from  Asia, Naturalized FAC-FACU Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP CABI Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Dichantheliinae

Subribe Dichantheliinae Zuloaga (2014) contains 66 species in 2 genera: Adenochloa, and Dichanthelium.

Dichanthelium

Dichanthelium (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould is a New-World grass genus. Before its publication in 1974, it was treated as a subgenus of Panicum. The sections and sequence used here are primarily from Freckmann & Lelong (2007). About 30 distinct Dichanthelium taxa are listed in New York State.

Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa

Dichanthelium commutatum

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa
Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium commutatum (Schult.) Gould ssp. ashei (T.G.Pearson ex Ashe) Freckmann & Lelong 1898. Panicum ashei T.G.Pearson ex Ashe 1934. P. commutatum var. ashei 2002. D. commutatum ssp. ashei  auct. P. commutatum Schult. (i)	Ashe's rosette grass, Variable panicgrass, Ashe's variable   rosette-panicgrass	Native, CoC: 8, Secure FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS NWG NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium commutatum (Schult.) Gould ssp. commutatum 1824. Panicum commutatum Schult. 1974. D. commutatum Gould	Variable rosette-grass, Variable witchgrass, Variable panicgrass, Variable rosette-panicgrass	Native, CoC: 10, No recent reports, SH, G5-TNRO FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS NWG Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium latifolium  (L.) Harvill 1753. Panicum latifolium L. 1794. Milium latifolium (L.) Moench 1818. P. macrocarpon LeConte ex Torr. 1977. Dichanthelium latifolium (L.) Harvill 1978. D. latifolium (L.) Gould & C.A.Clark	Broadleaf rosette grass, Broadleaved panicgrass, Broad-leaved witchgrass Panic à larges feuilles	Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-4 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN LBJ Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium xanthophysum (A. Gray) Freckmann	Slender rosette grass	Native, CoC: 8, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium leibergii (Vasey) Freckmann	Leiberg's rosette grass	Native, CoC: 5, Endangered, NYNHP: 1 Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-1 USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium boscii (Poir.) Gould & C.A. Clark	Bosc's panicgrass Panic de Bosc	Native, CoC: 9, Unranked			NYFA-U USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina

Dichanthelium clandestinum deer-tongue rosette grass

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina
Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium clandestinum (L.) Gould 1753. Panicum clandestinum L. 1974. D. clandestinum (L.) Gould	Deer-tongue rosette grass, Deer-tongue witchgrass Panic Clandestin	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium scoparium (Lam.) Gould 1798. Panicum scoparium Lam. 1974. D. scoparium (Lam.) Gould	Velvet rosette grass, Broom panic grass, Velvet panicum	Native, Endangered Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-1 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina  (excluded taxa)	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium scabriusculum (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark     Panicum aculeatum     Panicum scabriusculum Elliott 1979. D. scabriusculum (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark	Tall swamp panicgrass, Woolly rosette grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha
Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium oligosanthes (Schult.) Gould ssp. scribnerianum (Nash) Freckmann & Lelong 1895. Panicum scribnerianum Nash 1934. P. oligosanthes var. scribnerianum 1974. D. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould 1974. D. oligosanthes var. scribnerianum 1981. D. oligosanthes var. scribnerianum 2002. D. oligosanthes ssp. scribnerianum	Scribner's rosette grass, Scribner's panic grass, Scribner's witchgrass, Few-flowered   rosette-panicgrass Panic de Scribner	Native, CoC: 7, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha (excluded taxa)	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium oligosanthes (Schult.) Gould ssp. oligosanthes     P. oligosanthes var. oligosanthes     P. oligosanthes ssp. oligosanthes	Heller's rosette grass, Heller's witchgrass, Few-flowered panicgrass, Few-anther panicgrass Panic à fleurs   peu nombreuses	N. America native, N.Y. excluded Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa

Freckmann and Lelong (2003) treated most of the taxa in this section as subspecies of D. acuminatum and D. ovale. Thomas (2015) revised the section, treating most of the taxa as full species.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa
Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa Long Ligule group	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium lanuginosum (Elliott) Gould 1816. Panicum lanuginosum Elliott 1824. P. dichotomum var. fasciculatum 1934. P. lanuginosum var. fasciculatum 1974. D. lanuginosum (Elliott) Gould 1981. D. acuminatum var. fasciculatum 1981. P. acuminatum var. fasciculatum 2002. D. acuminatum ssp. fasciculatum	Slender-stemmed   rosette grass, Hairy panicgrass, Tapered rosette grass, Western panicgrass Panic laineux	Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images
Dichanthelium implicatum (Scribn.) Kerguélen 1898. Panicum implicatum Scribn. 1899. P. occidentale Scribn. 1901. P. unciphyllum var. implicatum 1910. P. pacificum Hitchc. & Chase 1921. P. lindheimeri var. implicatum 1934. P. lanuginosum var. implicatum 1978. D. acuminatum var. implicatum 1979. D. implicatum (Scribn.) Kerguélen 1981. P. acuminatum var. implicatum 2002. D. acuminatum ssp. implicatum	Tangled rosette grass, Matting rosette grass, Matting panicgrass, Matted panicgrass, Mat panicgrass Panic à touffe dense	Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 Go Botany VASCAN NatureServe BONAP Images
Dichanthelium lindheimeri (Nash) Gould 1897. Panicum lindheimeri Nash 1934. P. lanuginosum var. lindheimeri 1974. Dichanthelium lindheimeri Gould 1977. D. lanuginosum var. lindheimeri 1978. D. acuminatum var. lindheimeri 1981. P. acuminatum var. lindheimeri 2002. D. acuminatum ssp. lindheimeri	Lindheimer's rosette grass, Lindheimer's panicgrass Panic de Lindheimer	Native, CoC: 8, Unranked FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-U USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium spretum (Schult.) Freckmann 1824. Panicum spretum Schult. 1898. Panicum eatonii Nash 1981. D. spretum Freckmann 2002. D. acuminatum ssp. spretum	Spurned rosette grass, Eaton's rosette grass, Sand panicgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Unranked FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-U USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium wrightianum (Scribn.) Freckmann 1898. Panicum wrightianum Scribn. 1978. D. acuminatum var. wrightianum 1978. D. acuminatum var. longiligulatum 1981. D. wrightianum (Scribn.) Freckmann	Wright's rosette grass, Wright's witchgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-1-2 USDA-N0 NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa Short Ligule group	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium columbianum (Scribn.) Freckmann 1897. Panicum columbianum Scribn. 1898. Panicum tsugetorum Nash 1978. D. columbianum Freckmann 1978. D. sabulorum var. thinium 1984. D. acuminatum var. columbianum 2002. D. acuminatum ssp. columbianum	District of Columbia   rosette grass, Columbia panicgrass, Hemlock rosette grass Panic du District   de Columbia	Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium commonsianum (Ashe) Freckmann 1898. Panicum commonsianum Ashe 1978. D. ovale var. addisonii 1978. D. commonsianum (Ashe) Freckmann 1984. P. ovale var. pseudopubescens 2002. D. ovale ssp. pseudopubescens  auct. P. pseudopubescens Nash (i)	Commons' rosette grass, Egg-leaved witchgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable FAC Graminoid			NYFA-3? Images
Dichanthelium villosissimum (Nash) Freckmann 1896. Panicum villosissimum Nash 1978. D. villosissimum (Nash) Freckmann 2002. D. ovale ssp. villosissimum	White-haired rosette grass, White-hair witchgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable FAC			NYFA-3? NatureServe BONAP Images
Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa (excluded taxa)	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium longiligulatum (Nash) Freckmann = Dichanthelium wrightianum 1899. Panicum longiligulatum Nash 1984. P. acuminatum var. longiligulatum 1979. D. acuminatum var. longiligulatum 1981. D. longiligulatum (Nash) Freckmann 2002. D. acuminatum ssp. longiligulatum	Coastal plain panicgrass	Native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium ovale (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark     Panicum ovale Elliott     D. ovale (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark	Eggleaf rosette grass, Stiff-leaved   rosette-panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies
D. columbianum × implicatum   Dichanthelium columbianum ×   Dichanthelium implicatum     P. columbianum × implicatum	Hybrid of  D.C. panicgrass &  tangled rosette grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium
Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould ssp. dichotomum 1753. Panicum dichotomum L. 1906. Panicum gravius Hitchc. & Chase 1974. D. dichotomum (L.) Gould	Cypress panicgrass, Forked panicgrass	Native, CoC: 8, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium boreale (Nash) Freckmann 1895. Panicum boreale Nash 1978. Dichanthelium boreale Freckmann	Northern witchgrass Panic Boreal	Native, CoC: 5, Vulnerable FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-3 USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS IPN Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium microcarpon (Muhl. ex Elliott) Mohlenbr.     Panicum nitidum var. ramulosum     D. dichotomum ssp. microcarpon     D. microcarpon Mohlenbr.	Small-fruited panicgrass	Native, CoC: 7, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-U Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium mattamuskeetense (Ashe) Mohlenbr. 1898. Panicum mattamuskeetense Ashe 1899. P. clutei Ashe 1937. P. mattamuskeetense var. clutei 1985. D. mattamuskeetense (Ashe) Mohlenbr. 2002. D. dichotomum ssp. mattamuskeetense	Mattamuskeet   rosette grass, Mattamuskeet   panicgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-U USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium annulum (Ashe) LeBlond 1898. Panicum annulum Ashe 2001. D. annulum (Ashe) LeBlond	Ringed rosette grass	Native, CoC: 10, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-U USDA-NN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies Note:
Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium (excluded taxa)	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould ssp. roanokense (Ashe) Freckmann & Lelong     P. dichotomum ssp. roanokense	Roanoke Witch Grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium sect. Sphaerocarpa

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon Round-fruited rosette grass.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Sphaerocarpa
Dichanthelium sect. Sphaerocarpa	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Elliot) Gould	Round-fruited rosette grass Round-fruited panic grass Roundseed panicgrass Round-fruited rosette-panic grass	Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU			NYFA-4-5 USDA-NN Kew POWO Go Botany LBJ Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium polyanthes (Schult.) Mohlenbr. 1817. Panicum microcarpon Muhl. 1817. Panicum polyanthes Schult. 1894. P. microcarpon var. isophyllum 1978. D. sphaerocarpon var. isophyllum 1991. P. sphaerocarpon var. isophyllum	Many-flowered rosette grass Roundseed panicgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Unranked, SNR, G5-T5 FACU, Graminoid		Queens (1909), Richmond (1895, 1930), Suffolk (1936)	NYFA-U USDA-N0 Kew POWO NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium sect. Linearifolia

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium sect. Linearifolia
Dichanthelium sect. Linearifolia	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dichanthelium linearifolium (Scribn.) Gould 1898. Panicum linearifolium Scribn. 1898. P. werneri Scribn. 1921. P. linearifolium var. werneri 1928. P. strictum var. linearifolium 1974. D. linearifolium (Scribn.) Gould	Linear-leaved rosette grass, Slim-leaved witchgrass, Slimleaf panicgrass, Slim-leaf rosette grass, Linear-leaved   rosette-panicgrass, Low white-haired panicgrass Panic à feuilles linéaires	Native, CoC: 7, Secure UPL Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies
Dichanthelium depauperatum (Muhl.) Gould 1817. Panicum depauperatum Muhl. 1974. D. depauperatum (Muhl.) Gould	Poverty rosette grass, Starved witchgrass, Starved panicgrass	Native, Secure Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies

Dichanthelium intersectional hybrids

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Dichantheliinae — Dichanthelium
Dichanthelium (excluded taxa)	Rosette grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
D. acuminatum × dichotomum   Dichanthelium acuminatum ×   Dichanthelium dichotomum     P. acuminatum × dichotomum	Hybrid of  tapered rosette grass &  cypress panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. depauperatum × dichotomum   Dichanthelium depauperatum ×   Dichanthelium dichotomum     P. depauperatum × dichotomum	Hybrid of  starved panicgrass &  cypress panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. dichotomum × oligosanthes   Dichanthelium dichotomum ×   Dichanthelium oligosanthes     P. dichotomum × oligosanthes	Hybrid of  cypress panicgrass &  Heller's rosette grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. columbianum × dichotomum   Dichanthelium columbianum ×   Dichanthelium dichotomum     P. columbianum × dichotomum	Hybrid of  D.C. panicgrass &  cypress panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. dichotomum × latifolium   Dichanthelium dichotomum ×   Dichanthelium latifolium     P. dichotomum × latifolium	Hybrid of  cypress panicgrass &  Heller's rosette grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. columbianum × depauperatum   Dichanthelium columbianum ×   Dichanthelium depauperatum     P. columbianum × depauperatum	Hybrid of  D.C. panicgrass &  starved panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. columbianum × microcarpon   Dichanthelium columbianum ×   Dichanthelium microcarpon     P. columbianum × microcarpon	Hybrid of  D.C. panicgrass &  small-fruited panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. implicatum × linearifolium   Dichanthelium implicatum ×   Dichanthelium linearifolium     P. implicatum × linearifolium	Hybrid of  tangled rosette grass &  linear-leaved rosette grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. implicatum × microcarpon   Dichanthelium implicatum ×   Dichanthelium microcarpon     P. implicatum × microcarpon	Hybrid of  tangled rosette grass &  small-fruited panicgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
D. implicatum × oligosanthes   Dichanthelium implicatum ×   Dichanthelium oligosanthes     P. implicatum × oligosanthes	Hybrid of  tangled rosette grass &  Heller's rosette grass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Boivinellinae

Echinochloa muricata Subtribe Boivinellinae Pilg. (1940) worldwide contains 135 species in 15 genera: Acroceras, Alloteropsis, Amphicarpum, Cyphochlaena, Cyrtococcum, Echinochloa, Entolasia, Lasiacis, Mayariochloa, Morronea, Microcalamus, Oplismenus, Ottochloa, Parodiophyllochloa, Pseudechinolaena.

Amphicarpum

Maidencane in New York is represented only by the endangered annual peanut grass (Amphicarpum amphicarpon), which is found only in Suffolk County.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Boivinellinae — Amphicarpum
Amphicarpum	Maidencane	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Amphicarpum amphicarpon (Pursh) Nash (1894) 1813. Milium amphicarpon Pursh 1829. Amphicarpum purshii Kunth 1894. A. amphicarpon (Pursh) Nash	Annual peanut grass, Blue maidencane, Pursh's blue maidencane	Native, Endangered, NYNHP: 1			NYFA-1 USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies

Echinochloa

Echinochloa muricata (P. Beauv.) Fernald - rough barnyard grass Echinochloa or barnyard grass.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Boivinellinae — Echinochloa
Echinochloa	Cockspur grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Echinochloa muricata  (P. Beauv.) Fernald var. muricata 1803. Panicum muricatum Michx. 1812. Setaria muricata P.Beauv. 1816. Panicum pungens Poir. 1829. Oplismenus muricatus Kunth 1915. E. muricata (P. Beauv.) Fernald	Long-awned American barnyard grass Rough barnyard grass	Native, CoC: 1, Secure Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Echinochloa muricata  (P. Beauv.) Fernald var. microstachya Wiegand 1855. Panicum scindens Nees ex Steud. 1921. E. muricata var. microstachya Wiegand 1921. E. muricata var. multiflora Wiegand 1931. E. microstachya (Wiegand) Rydb. 1935. E. pungens var. microstachya (Wiegand) Fernald & Griscom 1935. E. pungens var. multiflora (Wiegand) Fernald & Griscom 1949. E. pungens var. wiegandii Fassett 1954. E. crus-galli var. microstachya (Wiegand) Shinners 1976. E. wiegandii (Fassett) McNeill & Dore 1993. E. muricata ssp. microstachya (Wiegand) Jauzein	Short-awned American barnyard grass Rough barnyard grass	Native, CoC: 1, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Echinochloa walteri  (Pursh) Heller	Walter's barnyard grass, Coast cockspur grass, Coast barnyard grass	Native, CoC: 7, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Echinochloa crus-galli  (L.) P.Beauv.	Eurasian barnyard grass Cockspur Japanese millet Watergrass Large barnyard grass	Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: [1], Naturalized			NYFA-Xn USDA-XW Images Wikispecies
Echinochloa esculenta  (A. Braun) H. Scholz     E. frumentacea misapplied     E. esculenta (A.Braun) H.Scholz	Japanese millet Japanese barnyard millet	Introduced, Potentially weedy, Naturalized			NYFA-Xn USDA-X0 GBIF Images Wikispecies
Echinochloa frumentacea  Link 1827. Echinochloa frumentacea Link 1885. Panicum crus-galli var. frumentaceum (Roxb.) Trimen 1909. Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea (Link) W. Wight 1920. Echinochloa crus-galli var. edulis Hitchc. 1930. Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. edulis (Hitchc.) Honda	White millet Billion dollar grass Indian barnyard millet Sawa millet	Introduced from  southeast Asia, Not naturalized, Cultivated Annual, Graminoid		excluded	NYFA-Excluded USDA-XX Images Wikispecies

Oplismenus

Oplismenus hirtellus Wavyleaf basketgrass, a southeastern native, has not been reported to have naturalized north of Maryland, but it is listed in the New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment, which ranks it as highly invasive.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Boivinellinae — Oplismenus
Oplismenus	Basketgrass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	1 NPT
Oplismenus hirtellus  (L.) P.Beauv. 1759. Panicum hirtellum L. 1791. Panicum setarium Lam. 1810. Oplismenus africanus P.Beauv. 1812. Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv.	Basketgrass	Introduced from  southeast US, Potentially invasive, Not likely in NY		NYFA: 0 counties	NYFA-0 USDA-M0 iNaturalist ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Oplismenus undulatifolius  (Ard.) Roem. & Schult. 1764. Panicum undulatifolium Ard. 1812. Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. & Schult. 1981. Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius (Ard.) U.Scholz	Wavyleaf basketgrass	Introduced from  southeast US, Highly invasive,  NYIS: 70%, Not likely in NY, Prohibited		NYFA: 0 counties	NYFA-0 USDA-X0 iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Melinidinae

The Melinidinae Pilg. (1940).

Eriochloa

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Melinidinae — Eriochloa
Eriochloa	Cup grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eriochloa acuminata  (J. Presl) Kunth var. acuminata 1830. Piptatherum acuminatum J. Presl 1833. Eriochloa acuminata (J.Presl) Kunth 1840. Helopus acuminatus (J.Presl) Steud. 1933. E. gracilis (E.Fourn.) Hitchc. 1950. E. lemmonii var. gracilis	Southwestern cup grass, Tapertip cupgrass	Introduced, US South native, Impersistent FACW-FAC Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xm USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Eriochloa (excluded taxa)	Cup grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eriochloa contracta  Hitchc. 1861. Helopus mollis Müll. Hal. 1928. Eriochloa contracta Hitchc	Prairie cupgrass	N. America native, N.Y. excluded FAC-FACU Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NX ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Panicinae

The Panicinae Fr. (1835).

Panicum

Panicum sect. Panicum

Panicum capillare common witch grass

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Panicinae — Panicum sect. Panicum
Panicum sect. Panicum	Panic grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Panicum capillare  L. ssp. capillare 1753. Panicum capillare L. 1895. P. capillare var. occidentale 1900. P. barbipulvinatum Nash	Common witch grass, Old witch panic-grass Panic capillaire	Native, CoC: 0, Secure FAC-FACU Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. ssp. philadelphicum 1826. P. philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin.	Philadelphia witch grass, Philadelphia witchgrass, Philadelphia panic grass, Wood witchgrass Panic de Philadelphie	Native, CoC: 5, Secure Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. ssp. gattingeri (Nash) Freckmann & Lelong 1903. Panicum gattingeri Nash 2002. P. philadelphicum ssp. gattingeri 1887. P. capillare var. campestre	Gattinger's witch grass, Gattinger panic grass	Native, CoC: 5, Secure FAC Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Panicum tuckermanii  Fernald 1919. Panicum tuckermanii Fernald 1939. P. philadelphicum var. tuckermanii	Tuckerman's witch grass, Tuckerman's panicgrass	Native, CoC: 5, Unranked FAC Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-U USDA-N Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Panicum flexile	Wiry panicgrass, Stiff witchgrass	Native, Rare Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-3 USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Panicum miliaceum  L. ssp. miliaceum	Proso millet, Hog millet, Broom millet, Broomcorn millet, Panic millet	Introduced, Potentially invasive,  Invasive.org: [2]			NYFA-Xm USDA-XX GBIF Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies

Panicum sect. Dichotomiflora

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Panicinae — Panicum sect. Dichotomiflora
Panicum sect. Dichotomiflora	Panic grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Panicum dichotomiflorum  Michx. var. dichotomiflorum 1803. Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. 1936. P. dichotomiflorum var. geniculatum	Smooth panicgrass, Fall panicgrass, Fall panicum, Western witchgrass Panic d'automne, Panic à fleurs dichotomes, Panic d'automne dressé	Native, CoC: 1, Secure FACW Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies
Panicum dichotomiflorum  Michx. var. puritanorum Svenson 1920. P. dichotomiflorum var. puritanorum 2002. P. dichotomiflorum ssp. puritanorum	Shoreline panic grass, Spreading panic-grass, Puritan panicgrass, Fall panicum Panic des Puritains	Native, CoC: 10, Unranked FACW Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-U USDA-NX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies

Panicum sect. Virgata

Panicum virgatum The New York population of section Virgata consists primarily of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) along with some dune panicgrass (Panicum amarum) near the Atlantic coast. Switchgrass is a warm-season native of eastern and central North America. It is available in many different agricultural, horticultural, and conservation cultivars, not all of which are appropriate for New York State conditions. An example of an appropriate cultivar for conservation purposes in New York is 'Shelter' switchgrass, which is a northeastern ecotype from West Virginia, released in 1978 from the USDA's Big Flats site. Before European settlement, northeastern switchgrass was restricted to a narrow coastal band. Recent studies have found that adjacent inland switchgrass populations contain a significant majority of individuals from outside the Northeast. The range of dune panicgrass or bitter panicgrass lies mostly on the Atlantic coast from southern New England to Mexico. It is primarily used for erosion control on coastal dunes. Both the New York native var. amarum and the more southern var. amrulum are planted for erosion control in New York.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Panicinae — Panicum sect. Virgata
Panicum sect. Virgata	Panic grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Panicum virgatum  L. 1753. Panicum virgatum L. 1866. Panicum virgatum var. cubense 1871. Panicum virgatum var. obtusum 1922. Panicum virgatum var. spissum	Switchgrass, Switch grass, Switch panicgrass, Old switch panic grass, Wand panicgrass Panic raide, Panic dressé, Panic érigé, Panic vierge	Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies
Panicum amarum  Elliott var. amarum 1816. Panicum amarum Elliott	Dune panicgrass, Bitter panicgrass, Smaller seabeach grass	Native, CoC: 8, Vulnerable FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-3 USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies
Panicum amarum  Elliott var. amarulum 1910. Panicum amarulum Hitchc. & Chase 1975. Panicum amarum var. amarulum 2002. Panicum amarum ssp. amarulum	Tall dune panic grass, Coastal panicgrass, Taller seabeach grass	Introduced, N. America native Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-X USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies

Kellochloa

Kellochloa verrucosa Kellochloa Lizarazu, M.V.Nicola & Scataglini was published in 2015, replacing Panicum sect. Verrucosa Hitchc. & Chase ex C.C.Hsu. Warty panic grass (Kellochloa verrucosa) is the only one of the two Kellochloa species found in New York, and it has only been found on Long Island and New York City. The other species of this genus (Kellochloa brachyantha, prairie panic grass) is limited to the southern US.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Panicinae — Kellochloa
Kellochloa	Panic grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Kellochloa verrucosa (Muhl.) Lizarazu, Nicola & Scataglini 1816. Panicum debile Elliott 1817. Panicum verrucosum Muhl. 1824. Panicum umbraculum Bosc ex Spreng. 2015. Kellochloa verrucosa (Muhl.) Lizarazu, Nicola & Scataglini	Warty panicgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Secure, S5 FACW Annual, Graminoid		Kings (1898), Nassau (1898-1921), Queens (1936), Richmond, Suffolk (1987-93)	NYFA-5 USDA-N0 Kew POWO iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Cenchrinae

The Cenchrinae Dumort (1829).

Cenchrus

Cenchrus longispinus

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Cenchrinae — Cenchrus
Cenchrus	Sand bur	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Cenchrus longispinus  (Hack.) Fernald 1788. Cenchrus carolinianus Walter 1903. C. echinatus fo. longispina Hack. 1915. Nastus carolinianus (Walter) Lunell 1943. Cenchrus longispinus Fernald 1949. Cenchrus pauciflorus var. longispinus Jansen & Wacht.	Long-spine sandbur, Mat sandbur	Native, Secure		~32 counties	NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Cenchrus tribuloides  L. 1753. Cenchrus tribuloides L. 1824. C. echinatus var. tribuloides Torr. 1877. C. tribuloides var. macrocephalus Döll 1899. C. macrocephalus (Döll) Scribn.	Dune sandbur, Sanddune sandbur, Long-spine sandbur	Native, Threatened		8 counties	NYFA-2 USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Cenchrus alopecuroides  (L.) Thunb. 1753. Alopecurus hordeiformis L. 1753. Panicum alopecuroides L. 1794. Cenchrus alopecuroides (L.) Thunb. 1794. Cenchrus purpurascens Thunb. 1810. Pennisetum compressum R.Br. 1821. Pennisetum japonicum Trin. ex Spreng. 1824. Pennisetum alopecuroides Spreng. 1824. Pennisetum hordeiforme (Thunb.) Spreng. 1830. Cenchrus alopecuroides J.Presl* 1826. Penicillaria alopecuroides Sweet 2010. Cenchrus compressus Morrone	Foxtail fountain grass Chinese fountaingrass Chinese millet grass Chinese pennisetum	Introduced, Potentially invasive,  NYIS Tier: Buffer,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: [3], Naturalized		Nassau (1931) Suffolk (1999)	NYFA-X USDA-X0 iNaturalist ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Cenchrus biflorus  Roxb.     Cenchrus barbatus Schumach.     Cenchrus catharticus Delile	India sandburr Indian sandburr	Introduced, Impersistent, Not naturalized, SNA		Westchester (1898)	NYFA-Xm USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies
Cenchrus spinifex  Cav.     Cenchrus spinifex Cav.     Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis.	Coastal sandbur	Introduced, Not naturalized, SNA		Bronx (1899, 1901)	NYFA-X Images Wikispecies
Cenchrus (excluded taxa)	Sand bur	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Cenchrus americanus  (L.) Morrone 1753. Panicum americanum L. 1753. Panicum glaucum L. 1810. Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. 1812. Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv. 1907. Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke 2010. Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone	American fountaingrass, Pearl millet	Introduced, N.Y. excluded,		excluded	NYFA-Excluded USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Cenchrus ciliaris  L.     Cenchrus ciliaris L     Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link	Buffelgrass, Buffel-grass	Introduced, N.Y. excluded		excluded	NYFA-Excluded USDA-XX Images Wikispecies

Setaria

Setaria parviflora Although the vulnerable native grass Setaria parviflora is present in southern parts of the state, several common weedy species of introduced Setaria species are present throughout New York State.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paniceae — Cenchrinae — Setaria
Setaria P.Beauv. (1812)	Foxtail / bristle grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Setaria parviflora  (Poir.) Kerguélen 1798. Panicum geniculatum Poir. 1987. Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen  auct. S. geniculata non (Wild.) P.Beauv.	Knotroot foxtail Knotroot bristlegrass Marsh bristlegrass Bristly foxtail	Native, CoC: 8, Unranked, (Vulnerable?), SNR, G5 FAC Perennial, Graminoid		NYFA: 12 counties iNat: Suffolk (2020-21)	NYFA-3? USDA-NN Go Botany iNaturalist Images Wikispecies
Setaria faberi  R.A.W.Herrm. 1910. Setaria faberi R.A.W.Herrm.	Giant foxtail, Japanese bristlegrass	Introduced, Widespread weed FACU-UPL Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-XX iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Setaria viridis  (L.) P.Beauv.  var. viridis	Green foxtail, Green bristle grass, Green bristlegrass	Introduced, Widespread weed Annual, Graminoid		54 counties	NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany iNaturalist Images Wikispecies
Setaria viridis  (L.) P.Beauv.  var. major Gray	Giant green foxtail	Introduced, Unk. naturalization, Graminoid		Albany (1948)	NYFA-Xun USDA-X0 iNaturalist Images Wikispecies
Setaria pumila  (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.  ssp. pumila 1782. Panicum helvolum L.f. 1816. Panicum pumilum Poir. 1817. Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. 1817. Setaria helvola (L.f.) Roem. & Schult.	Yellow bristlegrass	Introduced, Widespread weed Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Setaria italica	Foxtail millet, Italian foxtail	Introduced, Naturalized FACU Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-Xw Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Setaria verticillata  (L.) P. Beauv.      1812. Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv.	Bristly bristle grass, Bristly foxtail	Introduced, Graminoid			NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Setaria verticilliformis  Dumort. 1827. Setaria verticilliformis Dunart.	Barbed bristlegrass	Introduced Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-X USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies

Tribe Paspaleae

The Paspaleae J.Presl (1830)

Subtribe Paspalinae

The Paspalinae Griseb. (1846)

Paspalum

Paspalum setaceum

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paspaleae — Paspalinae — Paspalum
Paspalum	Crown grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Paspalum setaceum  Michx. var. muhlenbergii     P. pubescens Muhl. ex Willd.     P. muhlenbergii Nash     P. ciliatifolium var. muhlenbergii     P. pubescens var. muhlenbergii	Hurrah bead grass Thin paspalum	Native, CoC: 1, Secure, S5 FACU Perennial, Graminoid		22 counties	NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies
Paspalum setaceum  Michx. var. setaceum     P. debile Michx.     P. dissectum Walter     P. dolichopus Trin. ex Steud.     P. dubium DC.	Thin beadgrass Slender beadgrass	Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, S2, G5-T5 FACU, Graminoid		Bronx, Nassau, Richmond, Suffolk (1938, 1991), Westchester	NYFA-2 USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies
Paspalum setaceum  Michx. var. psammophilum     P. psammophilum Nash ex Hitchc.     P. prostratum Nash	Sand bead grass Lens grass	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G5-T4?, Graminoid		Bronx, Nassau (1907), Queens, Richmond, Suffolk (1886-1929), Westchester	NYFA-1 USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies
Paspalum laeve  Michx. 1803. Paspalum laeve Michx.     Paspalum circulare Nash     Paspalum laeve var. circulare (Nash) Fernald     Paspalum laeve var. pilosum Scribn.     Paspalum longipilum Nash     Paspalum plenipilum Nash	Field bead grass Field paspalum	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S2, G4-5 FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-1 USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Paspalum (excluded taxa)	Crown grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Paspalum setaceum  Michx. var. stramineum     P. separatum Shinners     P. bushii Nash     P. stramineum Nash	Thin paspalum	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Paspalum setaceum  Michx. var. ciliatifolium (Michx.) Vasey      1892. P. setaceum var. ciliatifolium		N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Paspalum distichum		N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies
Paspalum dilatatum		Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Arthropogoninae

Coleataenia

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Paspaleae — Arthropogoninae — Coleataenia
Coleataenia	Panic grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Coleataenia stipitata  (Nash) LeBlond 1814. Panicum elongatum Pursh 1901. Panicum stipitatum Nash 1984. Panicum rigidulum var. elongatum 2010. Sorengia longifolia ssp. elongata 2010. C. longifolia ssp. elongata 2011. Coleataenia stipitata LeBlond	Redtop panicum, Red-topped panicgrass	Native, Endangered, No recent reports			NYFA-Z USDA-N0 NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Coleataenia anceps  (Michx.) Soreng ssp. anceps 1803. Panicum anceps Michx. 1809. Panicum rostratum Muhl. ex Willd. 1810. Agrostis nutans Poir. 2010. Sorengia anceps ssp. anceps superfl. 2010. Coleataenia anceps ssp. anceps	Beaked panic grass, Panic grass	Native, Likely extirpated			NYFA-Z USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Coleataenia longifolia  (Torr.) Soreng ssp. longifolia 1889. Panicum anceps var. pubescens 1934. P. longifolium var. pubescens 1984. P. rigidulum var. pubescens 2002. P. rigidulum ssp. pubescens 2010. Sorengia longifolia ssp. longifolia 2010. Coleataenia longifolia ssp. longifolia	Longleaf panicgrass, Redtop panicum, Red-topped panicgrass	Native, Unranked			NYFA-U Images Wikispecies
Coleataenia rigidula (Bosc ex Nees) LeBlond ssp. rigidula 1829. Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees 2010. Sorengia longifolia ssp. rigidula Zuloaga & Morrone 2010. C. longifolia ssp. rigidula Soreng 2011. C. rigidula (Bosc ex Nees) LeBlond	Red-topped panic grass, Redtop panicgrass	Native, CoC: 7, Unranked			NYFA-U USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies

Tribe Andropogoneae

The Andropogoneae (sorghum tribe) contains the widely-cultivated non-native cereal crops, corn and sorghum. It also contains the native bluestems, Indiangrass, and gama grass, as well as a few alien invasive grasses, such as Chinese silvergrass (eulalia) and Japanese stiltgrass.

Subtribe Arthraxoninae

Subtribe Arthraxoninae Benth. (1881) contains about 27 species of carpetgrass worldwide in the single genus Arthraxon.

Arthraxon

Arthraxon hispidus Small carpetgrass is a widespread invasive grass in the southeastern U.S., but in New York State, it has been found mainly in the vicinity of New York City and lower Hudson.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Andropogoninae — Arthraxon
Arthraxon	Carpetgrass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino var. hispidus 1784. Phalaris hispida Thunb. 1812. Arthraxon ciliaris P.Beauv. 1889. A. ciliaris var. cryptatherus 1912. A. hispidus (Thunb.) Makino 1925. A. hispidus var. cryptatherus 1930. A. hispidus var. ciliaris	Small carpetgrass, Small carpet grass, Small carp grass, Jointhead, Jointhead grass, Hairy-joint grass	Introduced from  Asia,  Australia, Highly invasive,  NYIS: 76%, Prohibited, NE-4 FACW-FAC Annual, Graminoid		NYFA: 3 counties iNat: Greene (2020)	NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN BBG Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Tripsacinae

Tripsacum dactyloides Subtribe Tripsacinae Dumort. (1829) contains the genera Tripsacum and Zea.

Tripsacum

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Tripsacinae — Tripsacum
Tripsacum	Gama grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Tripsacum dactyloides  (L.) L. var. dactyloides 1753. Coix dactyloides L. 1759. Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. 1883. T. dactyloides var. genuinum 1898. Dactylodes dactylodes (L.) Kuntze 1906. T. dactyloides ssp. dactyloides	Eastern gama grass, Northern gama grass, Fakahatchee Grass	Native, CoC: 5, Threatened FACW-FAC Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-2 USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Zea

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Tripsacinae — Zea
Zea	Corn	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	n NPT
Zea mays  L. ssp. mays	Corn, Maize	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Rottboelliinae

Subtribe Rottboelliinae J. Presl (1830) [syn. Coicinae Clayton & Renvoize (1981)] worldwide contains about 13 species of Asian and Australian grasses in the genera Chasmopodium, Coix, and Rottboellia.

Coix

Coix lacryma-jobi No Coix species are known to naturalize in New York State, but Job's-tears (Coix lachryma-jobi) specimens have been collected from the Bronx.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Coicinae
Coix	Job's-tears	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Coix lacryma-jobi  L.	Job's-tears	Introduced, Impersistent, Not Naturalized Annual, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Apludinae

Subtribe Apludinae Hook.f. (1896) contains the seven genera Apluda, Asthenochloa, Eulalia, Homozeugos, Polytrias, Sorghastrum, and Trachypogon, with a total of about 68 species. Its only New York genus, Sorghastrum, was previously included in the subtribe Sorghinae.

Sorghastrum

Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash yellow Indiangrass spikelets The approximately 20 Sorghastrum species are native to various parts of North America, South America, and Africa. Of these, only Sorghastrum nutans (Yellow Indiangrass) is native to New York. No non-native Sorghastrum species have been known to naturalize in New York.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Apludinae — Sorghastrum
Sorghastrum	Indian grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Sorghastrum nutans  (L.) Nash 1753. Andropogon nutans L. 1803. Andropogon avenaceus Michx. 1848. Sorghum nutans (L.) A. Gray 1901. Sorghastrum avenaceum (Michx.) Nash 1903. Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash	Indiangrass, Yellow Indiangrass	Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Sorghinae

Spikelets of Sorghastrum nutans (left) and Sorghum halepense (right) Subtribe Sorghinae Bluff, Nees & Schauer ex Clayton & Renvoize (1986), which contains genera Cleistachne, Lasiorhachis, Sarga, and Sorghum, which in New York contains the naturalized Eurasian Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). This subtribe previously conatined the native yellow Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans), which has been transferred to subtribe Apludinae.

Sorghum

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Sorghinae — Sorghum
Sorghum sect. Sorghum	Sorghum	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Sorghum halepense  (L.) Pers. 1753. Holcus halepensis L. 1805. Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. 1916. Holcus sorghum var. exiguus	Johnsongrass, Johnson grass, Aleppo grass Sorgho d'Alep, Herbe d'Alep	Introduced from  Mediterranean,  Asia, Moderately invasive, Naturalized FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Sorghum bicolor  (L.) Moench ssp. bicolor 1753. Holcus sorghum L. 1771. Holcus bicolor L. 1794. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench 1805. Sorghum vulgare Pers.	Sorghum, Broomcorn, Broom-corn, Grain sorghum, Chicken corn, Shattercane, Wild cane	Introduced from  Africa, Potentially invasive, Not naturalized UPL Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies
Sorghum bicolor  (L.) Moench ssp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse 1903. Sorghum drummondii (Steud.) Millsp. & Chase 1916. Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense (Piper) Hitchc. 1917. Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf 1933. Sorghum vulgare var. drummondii (Steud.) Hitchc. 1973. Sorghum bicolor var. drummondii (Steud.) Mohlenbr. 1993. Sorghum bicolor ssp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse	Sudan grass	Introduced, Not naturalized		NYFA: 4 counties iNat: xx counties	NYFA-Xm ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Andropogoninae

Andropogoninae J. Presl (1830) worldwide contains Anadelphia , Andropogon (syn. Hypogynium), Bhidea, Diectomis, Diheteropogon, Elymandra, Exotheca , Hyparrhenia, Hyperthelia, Monocymbium and Schizachyrium.

Andropogon

Andropogon gerardii Vitman big bluestem Andropogon contains several bluestem grasses that are native to New York. The most prevalent is Andropogon gerardii, or big bluestem, which is a key component of North America's tallgrass prairies.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Andropogoninae — Andropogon
Andropogon	Bluestem	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Andropogon gerardii  Vitman 1785. A. provincialis Lam. (i) 1792. A. gerardi Vitman 1806. A. furcatus Muhl. ex Willd.	Big bluestem, Tall bluestem, Bluejoint, Turkeyfoot Barbon de Gérard, Barbon à épis digités, Barbon fourchu	Native, CoC: 8, Secure FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Andropogon virginicus  L. var. virginicus	Broomsedge bluestem Broom sedge bluestem Yellow bluestem Barbon de Virginie	Native, CoC: 4, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NN VASCAN Images Wikispecies
Andropogon glomeratus (Walter) Britton et al. var. glomeratus 1788. Cinna glomerata Walter 1888. A. glomeratus (Walter) Britton et al.	Bushy bluestem Bushy beard grass	Native, CoC: 8, Threatened			NYFA-2? USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Andropogon (excluded taxa)	Bluestem	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Andropogon hallii  Hack. 1884. A. hallii Hack. 1884. A. hallii var. incanescens 1901. A. paucipilus Nash 1943. A. gerardi var. chrysocomus 1943. A. gerardi var. paucipilus 1967. A. gerardi var. incanescens 1997. A. gerardi ssp. hallii	Sand bluestem, Turkeyfoot	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-NN ARS-GRIN IPN Images Wikispecies

Schizachyrium

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Andropogoninae — Schizachyrium
Schizachyrium	Bluestems	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash var. scoparium 1803. Andropogon scoparius Michx. 1898. A. neomexicanus Nash 1903. S. scoparium Nash	Little bluestem, Small bluestem, Broom bluestem, Broom beardgrass Barbon à balais, Schizachyrium à balais	Native, CoC: 4, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Schizachyrium littorale (Nash) E.P.Bicknell 1901. Andropogon littoralis Nash 1906. A. scoparius var. littoralis 1908. S. littorale (Nash) E.P.Bicknell 1935. A. scoparius var. ducis 1967. S. scoparium var. littorale 1996. S. scoparium ssp. littorale	Dune bluestem, Shore bluestem, Shore little bluestem, Seaside bluestem Barbon des rivages	Native, CoC: 8, Vulnerable			NYFA-3? USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Saccharinae

Members of the Saccharinae have some of the largest known biomass productivity levels and are relatively drought resistent.

Microstegium

Microstegium vimineum Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) is listed as very highly invasive in New York State.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Saccharinae — Microstegium
Microstegium	Browntop	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A.Camus 1834. Andropogon vimineus Trin. 1855. Pollinia imberbis Nees ex Steud. 1891. Eulalia viminea (Trin.) Kuntze 1891. Eulalia viminea var. imberbis 1891. Eulalia viminea var. variabilis 1921. M. vimineum (Trin.) A.Camus 1930. M. vimineum var. imberbe 1961. M. imberbe (Nees ex Steud.) Tzvelev	Japanese stiltgrass, Japanese stilt-grass, Nepalese browntop	Introduced from  Asia, Very highly invasive,  NYIS: 85%, CP-2 NE-1 FAC Annual, Graminoid			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Miscanthus

Miscanthus sinensis Chinese silvergrass Miscanthus (silvergrass) includes two ornamental Asian grasses that are found in New York. Of these, Miscanthus sinensis is listed as highly invasive in the state.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Saccharinae — Miscanthus
Miscanthus	Silvergrass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Miscanthus sinensis  Andersson 1794. Saccharum japonicum Thunb. 1812. Erianthus japonicus P.Beauv. 1820. Ripidium japonicum Trin. 1832. Eulalia japonica Trin. 1855. Miscanthus japonicus Andersson 1856. Miscanthus sinensis Andersson	Eulalia Chinese silvergrass Miscanthus Eulalia grass Zebra grass Japanese pampas grass Miscanthus de Chine	Introduced from  eastern Asia, Highly invasive,  NYIS: 78%, CP-5 FACU-UPL Perennial, Graminoid		Bronx, Nassau, Otsego (2010), Queens (1921), Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk (1989, 2005), Tompkins (2010)	NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Franch. 1859. Imperata sacchariflora Maxim. 1881. Miscanthus saccharifer Benth., inval. 1884. Miscanthus saccariflorus Hack.	Japanese silver grass, Amur silver-grass, Silver plume grass, Silver banner grass Miscanthus commun	Introduced from  eastern Asia, Moderately invasive,  NYIS Tier: Untiered,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: [4], Naturalized		Oneida, St. Lawrence (2008)	NYFA-X USDA-XX GBIF Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies

Tripidium

Tripidium ravennae Ravenna grass has been observed outside of cultivation on Randall's Island and Port Jefferson Station.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Saccharinae — Tripidium
Tripidium	Sugar cane	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Tripidium ravennae  (L.) H.Scholz 1763. Andropogon ravennae L. 1774. Saccharum ravennae (L.) L. 2006. Tripidium ravennae (L.) H.Scholz	Ravenna grass	Introduced from  southern Europe, Potentially invasive,  iMapInvasives,  Invasive.org: [5]		NYFA: Not listed iNat: 2 counties	GBIF Kew POWO Images Wikispecies

Saccharum

Saccharum giganteum in Texas Saccharum giganteum has been excluded from the New York Flora Atlas, but Tripidium ravennae (above) has previously been placed in Saccharum and has been recently been observed in in southeastern New York.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Saccharinae — Saccharum
Saccharum	Sugar cane	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Saccharum giganteum  (Walter) Pers. 1788. Anthoxanthum giganteum Walter 1805. Saccharum giganteum (Walter) Pers. 1812. Erianthus giganteus (Walter) P.Beauv. 1895. Erianthus compactus Nash 1950. Erianthus giganteus var. compactus (Nash) Fernald & B.G.Schub.	Sugarcane plumegrass	Introduced from  southern US, US South native, Excluded			NYFA-Excluded USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies

Imperata

Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv. Cogongrass Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) has not been confirmed as having naturalized in New York, but it has caused a major economic and environmental impact in the Southeast. It is included here because the New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment shows that it may be able to naturalize on Long Island based on the conditions there. The New York Flora Atlas does not list Imperata cylindrica. NRCS and BONAP both show it no farther north than Virginia in the East, but it is shown in northern Oregon in the West.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Saccharinae — Imperata
Imperata Cirillo (1792)	Cogongrass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Imperata cylindrica  (L.) Raeusch. 1759. Lagurus cylindricus L. 1785. Saccharum cylindricum (L.) Lam. 1788. Saccharum koenigii Retz. 1792. Imperata arundinacea Cirillo 1797. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. 1812. Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv. 1812. Imperata koenigii P.Beauv.	Cogongrass Blady grass Cotton-wool grass Japanese blood grass Alang-alang Impérate	Introduced from  Asia, Potentially invasive, Not listed in NY, NYIS: 79% FACU Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-0 USDA-X0 GBIF WFO Kew POWO iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Anthistiriinae

Bothriochloa

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Andropogoneae — Anthistiriinae — Bothriochloa
Bothriochloa	Beard grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Bothriochloa ischaemum  (L.) Keng var. ischaemum 1753. Andropogon ischaemum L. 1936. Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng	Broom sedge Yellow bluestem Turkestan bluestem	Introduced from  Eurasia, Impersistent			NYFA-Xm USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies

Tribe Chasmanthieae

Chasmanthium

Chasmanthium latifolium Woodoats (genus Chasmanthium) contains about five North American species (C. latifolium, C. laxum, C. nitidum, C. ornithorhynchum, and C. sessiliflorum). Of these, only Chasmanthium laxum (slender spikegrass) is listed as native to New York State. However, it is listed as Endangered in New York, where it has been collected only from Nassau, Richmond, and Suffolk counties. Chasmanthium latifolium (northern wood-oats) is not considered native north of Pennsylvania, but it is commonly sold by native plant vendors in New York.

Poales — Poaceae — Panicoideae — Chasmanthieae — Chasmanthium
Chasmanthium	Wood oats	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Chasmanthium laxum  (L.) H.O.Yates 1753. Holcus laxus L. 1803. Uniola gracilis Michx. 1808. Uniola sessiliflora Poir. 1827. Chasmanthium gracile (Michx.) Link 1888. Uniola laxa (L.) Britton, Sterns & Pog. 1966. Chasmanthium laxum (L.) H.O.Yates	Slender woodoats, Slender spikegrass	Native, Endangered, NYNHP: 1			NYFA-1 USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies
Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) H.O.Yates 1803. Uniola latifolia Michx. 1966. Chasmanthium latifolium H.O.Yates	Indian woodoats, Broadleaf chasmanthium, Broadleaf uniola, Creek oats, Wild oats, Northern sea oats	Introduced from  PA-FL-TX-KS, US South native, Cultivated Perennial, Graminoid			NYFA-0 USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies