Flora of New York/Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae

Tribe Millerieae

Subtribe Milleriinae

Smallanthus

Smallanthus uvedalia

Hairy leafcup (Smallanthus uvedalia) was present in and collected from western New York during the first half of the twentieth century, but has not been confirmed since.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Smallanthus
Genus Smallanthus	Smallanthus	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Smallanthus uvedalia (L.) Mack. ex Small 1753. Osteospermum uvedalia L. 1763. Polymnia uvedalia (L.) L. 1933. Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mack. ex Small	Hairy leafcup, Bear's-foot, Yellow-flowered leafcup	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, No recent reports		NYFA: Z	USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies

Guizotia

Niger-seed (Guizotia abyssinica) is commonly used to feed birds, which may account for its occasional temporary introduction.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Guizotia
Genus Guizotia Cass.	Guizotia	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass. 1782. Polymnia abyssinica L.f. 1829. Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass. 1836. Guizotia oleifera DC.	Niger-seed, Ramtilla	Introduced from Africa, Impersistent UPL Annual, Herb-forb		NYFA: X	USDA-XW Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Galinsoginae

Galinsoga

Galinsoga quadriradiata
shaggy soldier

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Galinsoginae
Genus Galinsoga Ruiz & Pav.	Gallant-soldier	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav. G. aristulata E.P.Bicknell G. bicolorata H.St.John & D.White G. caracasana (DC.) Sch.Bip. G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake	Fringed quickweed, Peruvian daisy, Shaggysoldier	Introduced		NYFA: X	USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Galinsoga parviflora Cav. Galinsoga semicalva	Gallant-soldier, Small-flowered quickweed	Introduced		NYFA: X	USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Melampodiinae

Acanthospermum

Acanthospermum australe
Paraguay starbur

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Melampodiinae
Genus Acanthospermum Schrank	Starbur	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze 1758. Melampodium australe Loefl. 1818. Centrospermum xanthioides Kunth 1820. Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank 1836. A. xanthioides (Kunth) DC. 1891. A. australe (Loefl.) Kuntze	Southern starburr, Paraguayan starbur, Paraguay-starbur, Paraguay-bur, Sheepbur, Spiny-bur	Introduced from South America, Impersistent, Not naturalized		NYFA: Xm	USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Acanthospermum hispidum DC. 1836. A. hispidum DC. auct. A. humile non (Sw.) DC.	Hispid starburr, Hispid starbur, Bristly starbur	Introduced from South America, Impersistent, Not naturalized		NYFA: Xm	USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
Genus Acanthospermum (excluded taxa)	Starbur	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Acanthospermum humile (Sw.) DC. 1788. Melampodium humile Sw. 1832. Centrospermum humile (Sw.) Less. 1836. A. humile (Sw.) DC.	Low starburr, Low starbur	Introduced, N.Y. excluded, Misidentified^[1]		NYFA-Excluded	USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies
↑ Specimens from New York City, identified as Acanthospermum humile, were later re-itentified as Acanthospermum hispidum.

Tribe Madieae

Known as the tarweed tribe, Madieae includes plants known as tarweeds from the western United States.

Subtribe Arnicinae

Arnica

Arnica lanceolata ssp. prima
clasping arnica

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Arnicinae — Arnica
Genus Arnica	Arnica	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Arnica lanceolata Nutt. ssp. lanceolata Arnica mollisvar. petiolaris	Lance-leaved arnica, Lanceleaf arnica, New England arnica, Hairy arnica Arnica à aigrettes brunes, Arnica soyeux	Native, Endangered		NYFA: 1	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Madiinae

Madia

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Madia
Genus Madia	Tarweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Madia glomerata Hook.	Mountain tarweed	Introduced, Impersistent, N. America native		NYFA: Xm	USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Madia sativa Molina	Chilean tarweed, Coast tarweed	Introduced, Impersistent, US West native		NYFA: Xm	USDA-NX Images Wikispecies

Centromadia

Centromadia pungens ssp. pungens - common spikeweed

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Centromadia
Genus Centromadia	Spikeweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Centromadia pungens (Hook. & Arn.) Greene ssp. pungens 1841. Hartmannia pungens Hook. & Arn. 1843. Hemizonia pungens in… 1894. Centromadia pungens in…	Common spikeweed, Common tarweed, Pungent false tarplant	Introduced from southwestern USA, Impersistent, Not naturalized		NYFA: X	USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies

Tribe Eupatorieae

Subtribe Ageratinae

Ageratum

Ageratum houstonianum
bluemink or flossflower

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Ageratinae — Ageratum
Genus Ageratum	Whiteweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ageratum houstonianum Mill. Ageratum houstonianum Mill.	Bluemink Houston's whiteweed ⓘ Flossflower	Introduced, Not naturalized		NYFA: Xm	USDA-X0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Genus Ageratum (excluded taxa)	Whiteweed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ageratum conyzoides L. Ageratum conyzoides	Goatweed Tropical whiteweed Yerba de Cabrio	Not native, N.Y. excluded, iMapInvasives		NYFA-Excluded	USDA-X0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Oxylobinae

Ageratina

Ageratina altissima
white snakeroot

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Oxylobinae — Ageratina
Genus Ageratina	Snakeroot	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 1753. Ageratum altissimum L. 1779. Eupatorium rugosum Houtt. 1970. Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.	Common white snakeroot White snakeroot Richweed Eupatoire rugueuse Eupatoire à feuilles molles	Native, CoC: 4, Secure FACU Perennial, Herb		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies
Ageratina aromatica (L.) Spach	Small white snakeroot, Small-leaved white snakeroot, Lesser snakeroot	Native, Endangered, Protected (a)		Kings (1888), Nassau (1902-19), Queens NYFA: 1	Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Mikaniinae

Mikania

Mikania scandens
climbing hempweed

Climbing hempweed (Mikania scandens) is native to New York State but appears to be concentrated around Lake Ontario, the Lower Hudson Valley, and Long Island.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Mikaniinae — Mikania
Genus Mikania	Hempvine	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Mikania scandens (L.) Willd.	Climbing hempweed ⓘ Climbing boneset ⓘ	Native, CoC: 6, Likely secure OBL Perennial, Herb-vine		NYFA: 4	USDA-NX Go Botany Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Gyptidinae

Conoclinium

Conoclinium coelestinum

The mistflowers (genus Conoclinium) include four North American perennials, of which only blue mistflower has been found as far north and east as New York State. However the native range of blue mistflower appears to extend only as far to the northeast as southern Pennsylvania, and it is uncertain whether this plant has truly naturalized in New York.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Gyptidinae — Conoclinium
Genus Conoclinium	Thoroughwort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. 1753. Eupatorium coelestinum L. 1836. Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. 1878. Conoclinium dichotomum Chapm.	Blue mistflower, Blue boneset	Introduced, N. America native		NYFA: X	USDA-NX? Go Botany-0 VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Liatridinae

Liatris

Liatris spicata

Blazing star (Liatris) species are native to much of eastern North America, but only Liatris scariosa and Liatris cylindracea are listed as clearly native to New York State, and those are listed as threatened or endangered. Apparently the most common Liatris species in New York, Liatris spicata is listed with "Unknown Native Status" in the New York Flora Atlas, and BONAP lists it as "Species native, but adventive in state" for both New York and New England.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Liatridinae — Liatris
Genus Liatris	Blazing star	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. var. spicata	Button blazing star Marsh blazing star Dense blazing star Dense gayfeather Sessile-headed blazing star ⓘ	N. America native, Unk. NY nativity FAC Perennial, Herb-forb, Sun		NYFA: UN NYFA: 9 counties iNat 8 counties	USDA-NN Go Botany NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies
Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd. var. novae-angliae Lunell	New England blazing star	Native, CoC: 9, Threatened		NYFA: 2	USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd. var. nieuwlandii (Lunell) E.G. Voss	Nieuwland's blazing star	Native, CoC: 8, Endangered		NYFA: 1	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Liatris cylindracea Michx.	Slender blazing-star	Native, CoC: 9, Endangered		NYFA: 1	USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Liatris aspera Michx.	Rough gayfeather, Tall blazing star, Tall gayfeather	Introduced, N. America native		NYFA: X	USDA-NN Images Wikispecies
Liatris pycnostachya Michx. var. pycnostachya	Thick-spiked blazing star, Cattail gayfeather, Prairie blazing star	Introduced from US midwest, Midwest native		NYFA: X	USDA-N0 Go Botany NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies

Subtribe Eupatoriinae

The Eupatoriinae contains the Joe-Pye weeds and thoroughworts, both of which were formerly placed in the genus Eupatorium. However, in 1970, Robert M. King and Harold E. Robinson recommended moving the Joe-Pye weeds to a new genus Eupatoriadelphus.^[1] Subsequent molecular studies supported their recommendation for the taxon split, but it was determined that Eutrochium Raf. (1836) was an earlier validly published genus name for Joe-Pye weeds, so Eric E. Lamont transferred the Joe-pye weeds to Eutrochium in 2004.^[2]

↑ King, R. M., and H. Robinson, 1970b. "Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXV. A new genus which they coined Eupatoriadelphus." Phytologia 19: 431–432.
↑ Eric E. Lamont (2004) "New combinations in Eutrochium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), an earlier name than Eupatoriadelphus." SIDA, contributions to botany. 21: 901-902.

Eupatorium

Eupatorium perfoliatum
common boneset

Eupatorium (thoroughwort or boneset) contains the white-flowering plants of the Eupatoriinae, native to the northern hemisphere. Most Eupatorium species found in New York are native to the state, and many are listed a protected species.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eupatorium
Genus Eupatorium	Thoroughwort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eupatorium perfoliatum L. 1753. Eupatorium perfoliatum L. 1903. Eupatorium chapmanii Small	Common boneset, Thoroughwort, Boneset thoroughwort, Thoroughwax Eupatoire perfoliée	Native, CoC: 3, Secure FACW Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium hyssopifolium	Hyssop-leaved thoroughwort Hyssopleaf thoroughwort	Native, CoC: 3, Vulnerable		NYFA: 3-4	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium pilosum Eupatorium rotundifolium var. saundersii	Vervain thoroughwort, Rough boneset	Native, Vulnerable		NYFA: 3-4	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium torreyanum	Torrey’s thoroughwort	Native, Threatened		NYFA: 2	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium subvenosum	White thoroughwort	Native, Threatened		NYFA: 2-3	USDA-N Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium leucolepis	White-bracted thoroughwort, Justiceweed	Native, Endangered		NYFA: 1	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium rotundifolium var. rotundifolium Eupatorium verbenifolium	Round-leaved boneset, Roundleaf thoroughwort	Native, Endangered		NYFA: Z	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. Eupatorium pubescens^[1] E. rotundifoliumssp. ovatum E. rotundifoliumvar. ovatum	Hairy boneset, Hairy thoroughwort, Roundleaf thoroughwort	Native, Endangered		NYFA: 1	USDA- FNA Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium serotinum	Late-flowering thorough-wort, Late boneset	N. America native, Unknown NY nativity, SNR, G5 FAC Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 2	USDA-NX Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium resinosum	Pine barren boneset	Native, Extirpated		NYFA: Z	Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium sessilifolium L.	Upland boneset, Sessile-leaved boneset	Native, CoC: 7, Unranked		NYFA: U	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium altissimum	Tall boneset, Tall thoroughwort	N. America native, Unknown NY nativity		NYFA: X	USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small ex Porter & Britton Eupatorium capillifolium in…	Dog fennel ⓘ Dogfennel ⓘ	N. America native, Unk. NY nativity		NYFA: U	USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium cannabinum 1753. Eupatorium cannabinum L.	Hemp-agrimony Eupatoire chanvrine, Eupatoire à feuilles de chanvre	Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Impersistent, Not naturalized		NYFA: X	USDA-XX Go Botany-0 VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies
Eupatorium album L. Eupatorium album L. Eupatorium glandulosum Michx. Eupatorium fernaldii Godfrey Eupatorium petaloideum	White thoroughwort	Native, Endangered		NYFA-Excluded	USDA-N Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies Note: CA
↑ The New York Flora Atlas lists E. rotundifolium var. ovatum as E. pubescens. The Flora of North America says "Variety ovatum is an apomictic polyploid that may be a derivative of Eupatorium rotundifolium and E. sessilifolium. Morphologically, it is closer to E. rotundifolium than to E. sessilifolium; the name E. pubescens has priority at species rank."

Eutrochium

Eutrochium maculatum
spotted Joe-Pye weed

Eutrochium (commonly called Joe Pye weed) contains the purple-flowered North American species of the Eupatoriinae. Until 2004, these species were included in the genus Eupatorium and later Eupatoriadelphus.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eutrochium
Genus Eutrochium	Joe-Pye weed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. maculatum 1755. Eupatorium maculatum L. 1970. Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont	Spotted Joe Pye weed ⓘ Spotted joe pye weed ⓘ Spotted Joe-Pye weed ⓘ Eupatoire maculée ⓘ	Native, CoC: 4, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb, Part shade		NYFA: 5	USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies
Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. foliosum 1908. Eupatorium purpureum var. foliosum Fernald 1920. Eupatorium maculatum var. foliosum (Fernald) Wiegand 2004. Eutrochium maculatum var. foliosum (Fernald) E.E. Lamont	Leafy Joe Pye weed ⓘ Spotted joe pye weed ⓘ Eupatoire feuillue ⓘ	Native, CoC: 4, Unranked OBL Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: Nu	USDA-NN ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. purpureum 1753. Eupatorium purpureum L. 1917. Cunigunda purpurea (L.) Lunell 1970. Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont	Purple Joe-Pye weed, Sweet-scented Joe-Pye weed, Sweetscented joe pye weed, Green-stem joe-pyeweed	Native, CoC: 7, Secure FAC Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.Lamont 1841. Eupatorium purpureum var. angustifolium Torr. & A.Gray 1849. Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt 1970. Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Barratt) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.Lamont	Hollow Joe-Pye weed, Trumpetweed	Native, CoC: 1, Secure FACW Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont 1812. Eupatorium dubium Willd. ex Poir. 1970. Eupatoriadelphus dubius (Willd. ex Poir.) R.M.King & H.Rob. 2004. Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont	Coastal plain Joe-Pye weed, Joe-Pye thoroughwort	Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable FACW Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 3	USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Genus Eutrochium (excluded taxa)	Joe-Pye weed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont var. bruneri Eupatoriadelphus maculatusvar. bruneri Eupatorium bruneri A.Gray	Spotted Joe-Pye weed	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			USDA-NN NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies

Eutrochium identification

Eutrochium	Joe-Pye Weed	Floret color	Florets per head	Capitulescence shape	Stem color (besides green)	Stem glaucousness (white bloom)	Central stem cavity (hollow/solid)	Leaf taper to petiole	Whorled Leaves per Node	Leaf main veins	Max stem height
E. purpureum	Purple or Sweet	pale pink, purplish	(4-)5 - 8(-10)	round, domed	dark purple at nodes	not/scarcely glaucous	solid or thin cavity at base	gradual taper	3 - 4	1	2 m
E. fistulosum	Hollow or Trumpetweed	pink-purple	(4-)5 - 8(-10)	round, domed	purple throughout	prominently glaucous	large cavity (hollow)	gradual taper	(3)4 - 7(8)	1	3 m
E. maculatum	Spotted	purplish	(8-)9 - 20(-22)	flatish top	purple spots or all purple	rarely glaucous	solid or thin cavity at base	gradual taper	4 - 5(>5)	1	2 m
E. dubium	Coastal-plain	purple	(4-)5 - >8(-10)	round, domed	fine purple spots/streaks			abruptly narrowed		3	1 m

[1] Specimens from New York City, identified as Acanthospermum humile, were later re-itentified as Acanthospermum hispidum.

[2] King, R. M., and H. Robinson, 1970b. "Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXV. A new genus which they coined Eupatoriadelphus." Phytologia 19: 431–432.

[3] Eric E. Lamont (2004) "New combinations in Eutrochium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), an earlier name than Eupatoriadelphus." SIDA, contributions to botany. 21: 901-902.

[4] The New York Flora Atlas lists E. rotundifolium var. ovatum as E. pubescens. The Flora of North America says "Variety ovatum is an apomictic polyploid that may be a derivative of Eupatorium rotundifolium and E. sessilifolium. Morphologically, it is closer to E. rotundifolium than to E. sessilifolium; the name E. pubescens has priority at species rank."

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