Flora of New York/Cyperaceae 1


Poales (2)
Juncaceae
Flora of New York — Poales (3) : Cyperaceae (1)
Sclerieae, Cladieae, Schoeneae, Scirpeae

Poales (4)
Cyperaceae (2)
Cariceae
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


Family Cyperaceae

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The Cyperaceae (sedge family) contains grass-like monocots, most of which have stems with triangular cross-sections.[1].[2]
Cyperaceae
Mapanioideae

Hypolytreae

Chrysitricheae

Cyperoideae

Trilepideae

CladieaeCladium mariscoides (twig rush)

Bisboeckelereae

SclerieaeScleria spp. (6 nut sedges, nut rushes)

Carpheae

Cryptangieae

Schoeneae

RhynchosporeaeRhynchospora spp. (13 beak sedges)

DulichieaeDulichium arundinaceum (three-way sedge)

Khaosokieae

Calliscirpeae

Scirpeae

Scirpus spp. (19 bulrushes)

Eriophorum spp. (5 cotton grasses)

TrichophoreaeTrichophorum spp. (4 club sedges)

Sumatroscirpeae

CariceaeCarex spp. (227 sedges)

EleocharideaeEleocharis spp. (29 spike rushes)

Abilgaardieae

Fimbristylis spp. (3 fimbries)

Bulbostylis capillaris (tufted hair sedge)

BolboschoeneaeBolboschoenus spp. (7 tuberous bulrushes)

FuireneaeFuirena spp. (2 tumbrella grasses)

SchoenoplecteaeSchoenoplectus spp. (10 bulrushes)

PseudoschoeneaeSchoenoplectiella spp. (5 bulrushes)

CypereaeCyperus spp. (37 flat sedges)



Subfamily Cyperoideae

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Tribe Cladieae

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Cladium
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Cladium mariscoides
Fen-sedge, sawgrass or twig-sedge (Cladium) is a genus with few species, of which only Cladium mariscoides is known to New York State.
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cladieae — Cladium
Genus Cladium Sawgrass N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Muhl.) Torr.

1817. Schoenus mariscoides  Muhl
1836. Cladium mariscoides  (Muhl.) Torr.
1891. Mariscus mariscoides  (Muhl.) Kuntze
1922. Cladium mariscoides  f. congestum   Fernald
1923. Mariscus mariscoides  f. congestum   (Fernald) Fernald
Twig rush
Smooth sawgrass
Smooth saw-grass
Fen sedge
Native, CoC: 9,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5

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Tribe Sclerieae

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Scleria
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Scleria triglomerata

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Sclerieae — Scleria
Genus ScleriaP.J.Bergius Nutsedge / nutrush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Scleria verticillata  Muhl. ex Willd.
1837. Scleria tenella  Kunth
Low nut sedge,
Low nutsedge,
Low nutrush
Sclérie verticillée
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
S1, G5

OBL

Annual,
Graminoid
  Essex, Genesee, Monroe, Nassau, Ontario, Queens, Seneca, Yates
NYFA: 1

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Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Scleria pauciflora  Muhl. ex Willd.
1805. Scleria caroliniana  Willd. (i)
1871. Scleria pauciflora  var. caroliniana  Alph.Wood
1906. Scleria pauciflora  var. kansana  Fernald
1926. Scleria ciliata  var. pauciflora  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Kük.
Few-flowered nutsedge,
Few-flowered nutrush,
Papillose nutrush,
Carolina nutrush
Sclérie pauciflore
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[1]

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid
  Dutchess, Nassau, Queens, Seneca, Suffolk
NYFA: 1

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Genus Scleriatriglomerata group Nutsedge / nutrush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Michx.

1803. Scleria triglomerata  Michx.
1834. Cladium triglomeratum  (Michx.) Nees
1837. Scleria nitida  Willd. ex Kunth
1842. Trachylomia triglomerata  (Michx.) Nees
1855. Scleria flaccida  Steud.
Whip nut sedge,
Whip nutsedge,
Whip nutrush,
Tall nutrush,
Whipgrass
Sclérie à trois glomérules
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[2]

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 1

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(Britton) W.Stone

1885. Scleria triglomerata  var. gracilis  Britton
1896. Scleria triglomerata  var. minor  Britton
1912. Scleria minor  (Britton) W.Stone
Slender nut sedge,
Slender nutrush
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[3]

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 1

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Genus Scleriareticularis group Nutsedge / nutrush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Michx.

1803. Scleria reticularis Michx.
1884. Scleria reticularis  var. reticularis  Michx.
1884. Scleria reticularis  var. pumila  Britton
Netted nut sedge,
Netted nutsedge,
Netted nutrush
Native, CoC: 10,
Rare

OBL

Annual,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 3

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Steud.

 auct. Scleria setacea non Poir. 1806
1841. Scleria muehlenbergii  Steud.
1885. Scleria reticularis  var. pubescens  Britton
1923. Scleria stevensiana  Britton
Muhlenberg's nut sedge,
Muhlenberg's nutrush
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

FACW-FAC

Annual/perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 1

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Tribe Rhynchosporeae

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Tribe Rhynchosporeae contains the single genus Rhynchospora.
Rhynchospora
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Rhynchospora alba
Beak-rush or rhynchospore (Rhynchospora Vahl.)[1]
Extant Rhynchospora species
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Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Schoeneae — Rhynchospora
Genus RhynchosporaVahl Beaksedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Vahl

1753. Schoenus albus  L.
1792. Mariscus albus  (L.) Gilib. (i)
1796. Scirpus albus  (L.) Salisb.
1805. Rhynchospora alba  (L.) Vahl
1917. Triodon albus  (L.) Farw.
1920. Phaeocephalum album  (L.) House
1929. Dichromena alba  (L.) J.F. Macbr.
White beak sedge,
White beaksedge,
White beak-rush
Native, CoC: 10,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5
iNat

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(Michx.) Vahl

1803. Schoenus capitellatus  Michx.
1805. Rhynchospora capitellata  (Michx.) Vahl in…
Brownish beaksedge,
Brownish beak-rush
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5
iNat

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Torr.

1823. Rhynchospora capillacea  Torr.
Horned beak-rush,
Needle beaksedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 4
iNat

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(L.) W.T.Aiton

1810. Rhynchospora fusca  (L.) W.T.Aiton
Brown beaksedge,
Brown beak-rush
Native, CoC: 10,
Rare,
S3-4, G4-5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 17 counties
iNat

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Torr. ex A.Gray

1835. Rhynchospora macrostachya  Torr. ex A.Gray
Tall beaked-rush,
Tall horned beaksedge,
Tall beaksedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Rare,
S2, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
  Nassau, Oswego, Suffolk, Westchester
NYFA: 3
iNat

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(Torr.) Griseb.

1866. Rhynchospora scirpoides  (Torr.) Griseb.
Longbeak beaksedge,
Long-beaked bald-rush
Native, CoC: 10,
Rare,
S2, G4

OBL

Annual,
Graminoid
  Suffolk (1927-94), Westchester (2001)
NYFA: 3
iNat

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(Oakes) Fernald

1918. Rhynchospora inundata  (Oakes) Fernald
Horned beak sedge
Drowned horned-rush
Narrowfruit horned-beaksedge
Narrowfruit horned beaksedge
Narrow-fruited beaksedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
S1, G3-4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
  Suffolk (1871-1994)
NYFA: 2
iNat

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(Vahl) A.Gray

1867. Rhynchospora nitens  (Vahl) A.Gray
Bald-rush,
Short-beaked beaksedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
S2, G?

OBL

Annual,
Graminoid
  Suffolk (1872-1993)
NYFA: 2
iNat

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Extirpated Rhynchospora species
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Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Schoeneae — Rhynchospora
Genus RhynchosporaVahl Beaksedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Fernald & Gale

1940. Rhynchospora chalarocephalain…
Loosehead beaksedge,
Loose-head beak-rush
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely extirpated,
Last collected 1932,
SX, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
Suffolk (1927-1932)
NYFA: Z

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A.Gray

1835. Rhynchospora torreyana  A.Gray
Torrey beak-rush,
Torrey's beaksedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely extirpated,
Last collected 1929,
SX, G4

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid
  Suffolk (1929)
NYFA: 1Z

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(Gale) Kral

1920. Phaeocephalum cymosum  House
1931. Dichromena cymosa  J.F.Macbr.
1944. Rhynchospora globularis  var. recognita  Gale
1999. Rhynchospora recognita  (Gale) Kral
Globe beak-rush Native, CoC: 10,
Likely extirpated,
Last collected 1924,
SX, G5?

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: Z

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M.A.Curtis

Pale beaksedge,
Pale beak-rush
Native,
Likely extirpated,
Last collected 1921

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: Z

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A.Gray

Slender beaksedge Native,
Likely extirpated,
Last collected 1843

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: Z

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(Chapm.) Small
 var. globularis

1933. Rhynchospora globularis (Chapm.) Small
Globe beaksedge Native,
No recent reports

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: Z

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A.Gray

1835. Rhynchospora cephalantha  A.Gray
Bunched beaksedge,
Capitate beak-rush
Native,
Likely extirpated,
No sources

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Z

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Genus RhynchosporaVahl(excluded taxa) Beaksedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Large beaksedge N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Clustered beaksedge N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Tribe Dulichieae

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Tribe Dulichieae is characterized by distichous spikelets and flowers, scale-like spikelet prophylls subtending flowers, and long narrow beaks on fruits. Genera include Blysmus (3 sp.), Blysmopsis (1 sp.), and Dulichium (1 sp.).[1]
Dulichium
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Dulichium arundinaceum

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Dulichieae — Dulichium
Genus Dulichium Threeway sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Britton
 var. arundinaceum

1753. Cyperus arundinaceus L. in Sp. Pl.:44
1753. Cyperus ferrugineus L. in Sp. Pl.:44
1762. Schoenus spathaceus L. in Sp. Pl., ed. 2.:63
1767. Cyperus spathaceus (L.) L. in Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 2:735
1803. Scirpus spathaceus (L.) Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1:32
1805. Dulichium canadense Rich. in C.H.Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1:65
1805. Dulichium spathaceum (L.) Rich. in C.H.Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1:65
1805. Schoenus angustifolius Vahl in Enum. Pl. Obs. 2:225
1816. Sparganium trifidum Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 4: 723
1822. Scirpus tegetalis Burch. in Trav. S. Africa 1: 260
1894. Dulichium arundinaceum (L.) Britton in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21:29

Three-way sedge
Threeway sedge
Duliche roseau
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8
 
NYFA: 59 counties
iNat: 50 counties

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Tribe Scirpeae

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Eriophorum
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Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Scirpeae — Eriophorum
Genus Eriophorum Cottongrass N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

Tawny cottongrass,
Tawny cotton-grass
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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L.

1753. Eriophorum vaginatum  L.
1874. Eriophorum callithrix  Lange
1910. Eriophorum fauriei  E.G.Camus
1925. Eriophorum spissum  Fernald
1931. Eriophorum scabridum  Ohwi
Tussock cottongrass,
Tussock cotton-grass,
Sheathed cottongrass,
Hare's-tail cottongrass
Linaigrette à large gaine,
Linaigrette gainée
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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Nutt.

Fewnerved cottongrass,
Rough cotton-grass
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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(Engelm.) Fernald

Green keeled cotton-grass,
Thinleaf cottonsedge
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

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W.D.J.Koch

Slender cottongrass,
Slender cotton-grass
Native,
Likely secure
 
NYFA: 4

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Genus Eriophorum(excluded taxa) Cottongrass N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Honck.
 ssp. angustifolium

1753. Eriophorum polystachion  L. nom. utique rej.
1782. E. angustifolium  Honck.
1819. E. angustifolium  var. majus  F.W.Schultz
1936. E. angustifolium  ssp. scabriusculum  Hultén (uncertain application)
1962. E. angustifolium  ssp. subarcticum  (V.N.Vassil.) Hultén
Narrow-leaved cotton-grass,
Tall cottongrass
Linaigrette
  à feuilles étroites
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Scirpus
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Scirpus atrovirens
Bulrushes (Scirpus spp.) previously included Bolboschoenus, Schoenoplectus, and Trichophorum.
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Scirpeae — Scirpus
Genus Scirpus Bulrush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl.

1817. Scirpus pendulus Muhl. in Descr. Gram.:44
1817. Scirpus lineatus Muhl. in Descr. Gram.:45, nom. illeg.
1931. Scirpus lineatus f. elongatus Eames in Rhodora 33:168
1989. Scirpus pendulus f. elongatus (Eames) C.F.Reed in Phytologia 67:453

Pendulous bulrush
Nodding bulrush
Rufous bulrush
Scirpe a epis pendants
Scirpe pendant
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7
 
NYFA: 37 counties
iNat: 16 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Makino

1928. Scirpus atrovirens  subvar. viviparus Farw.
1933. Scirpus hattorianus  Makino
2012. Scirpus atrovirens  ssp. hattorianus  Makino
Mosquito bulrush,
Early dark-green bulrush
Scirpe de Hattori
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5

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Willd.

1809. Scirpus atrovirens  Willd.
1906. Scirpus atrovirens  var. pycnocephalus  Fernald
Dark-green bulrush,
Darkgreen bulrush,
Green bulrush,
Black bulrush
Scirpe noirâtre,
Scirpe vert sombre
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5

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(L.) Kunth

1762. Eriophorum cyperinum  L.
1805. Trichophorum cyperinum  (L.) Pers.
1837. Scirpus cyperinus  (L.) Kunth
1856. Scirpus eriophorum  var. cyperinus  A.Gray
1906. Scirpus cyperinus  var. pelius  Fernald
1945. Scirpus rubricosus  Fernald
Woolgrass,
Common woolly bulrush,
Common wool-grass,
Common woolsedge,
Brown woolly sedge
Scirpe souchet
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA:

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Fernald

1899. Scirpus atrocinctus  Fernald
1899. Scirpus atrocinctus  var. brachypodus  Fernald
1900. Eriophorum cyperinum  var. atrocinctum  Farw.
1946. Scirpus cyperinus  var. brachypodus  Gilly
1981. Trichophorum atrocinctum  Á.Löve & D.Löve
Blackgirdle bulrush,
Black-girdled wool-grass,
Black-girdled woolsedge,
Woolgrass bulrush
Scirpe à ceinture noire
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5

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J.Presl & C.Presl

1828. Scirpus microcarpus  J.Presl & C.Presl
1900. Scirpus rubrotinctus  Fernald
1922. Scirpus microcarpus  var. confertus  (Fernald) House
Barber-pole bulrush
Panicled bulrush
Small-fruited bulrush
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5

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Vahl

Leafy bulrush Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 5

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Fernald

Stalked bulrush,
Stalked woolgrass
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5

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Fernald

1900. Scirpus sylvaticus  var. bissellii  Fernald
1923. Scirpus microcarpus  var. bissellii  (Fernald) House
1943. Scirpus expansus  Fernald
Wood bulrush,
Woodland beak-rush,
Woodland bulrush
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 4

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R.M.Harper

1900. Scirpus georgianus  R.M.Harper
1921. Scirpus atrovirens  var. georgianus  Fernald
Georgia bulrush Native, CoC: 1,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[1]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 1

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Schuyler

Northeastern bulrush Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
FWS

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 1

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Note: [1]
Fernald

1911. Scirpus longii Fernald
Long's bulrush
Scirpe de Long
Native,
Likely extirpated

NYFA: Z

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Scirpus hybrids
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Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Scirpeae — Scirpus
Genus Scirpusnatural hybrids Hybrid wool-grass & bulrush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
S. atrocinctus × cyperinus

Scirpus atrocinctus ×
Scirpus cyperinus

Hybrid wool-grass,
Hybrid of
 black-girdled wool-grass &
 common wool-grass
Native,
Unranked
 
NYFA: U

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S. atrocinctus × hattorianus

Scirpus atrocinctus ×
Scirpus hattorianus

Hybrid bulrush,
Hybrid of
 black-girdled wool-grass &
 mosquito bulrush
Native,
Unranked
 
NYFA: U

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S. atrovirens × hattorianus

Scirpus atrovirens ×
Scirpus hattorianus

Hybrid bulrush,
Hybrid of
 dark-green bulrush &
 mosquito bulrush
Native,
Unranked
 
NYFA: U

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Wikispecies
S. atrovirens × polyphyllus

Scirpus atrovirens ×
Scirpus polyphyllus

Hybrid bulrush,
Hybrid of
 dark-green bulrush &
 leafy bulrush
Native,
Unranked
 
NYFA: U

Images
Wikispecies
S. cyperinus × pedicellatus

Scirpus cyperinus ×
Scirpus pedicellatus

Hybrid wool-grass,
Hybrid of
 common wool-grass &
 stalked wool-grass
Native,
Unranked
 
NYFA: U

Images
Wikispecies
S. expansus × microcarpus

Scirpus expansus ×
Scirpus microcarpus

Hybrid bulrush,
Hybrid of
 wood bulrush &
 barber-pole bulrush
Native,
Unranked
 
NYFA: U

Images
Wikispecies
Genus Scirpus(excluded taxa) Hybrid wool-grass N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
S. atrocinctus × pedicellatus

Scirpus atrocinctus ×
Scirpus pedicellatus

Hybrid wool-grass,
Hybrid of
 black-girdled wool-grass &
 stalked wool-grass
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

Images
Wikispecies
S. atrovirens × cyperinus

Scirpus atrovirens ×
Scirpus cyperinus

Hybrid wool-grass,
Hybrid of
 black-girdled wool-grass &
 common wool-grass
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
 
NYFA-Excluded

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Britton

Scirpus atrocinctus ×
Scirpus hattorianus

1892. Scirpus × peckii  Britton
Peck's bulrush
Scirpe de Peck
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 3?

USDA-NN
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ITIS
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Wikispecies

Tribe Trichophoreae

edit
Tribe Trichophoreae Léveillé-Bourret & J.R.Starr contains the single species Trichophorum.[1]
Trichophorum
edit
 
Trichophorum cespitosum

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Scirpeae — Trichophorum
Genus Trichophorum Bulrush N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Pers.

1753. Eriophorum alpinum  L.
1805. Trichophorum alpinum  (L.) Pers.
1906. Scirpus hudsonianus  (Michx.) Fernald
1918. Leucocoma alpina  (L.) Rydb.
1971. Baeothryon alpinum  (L.) T.V.Egorova
Alpine bulrush,
Alpine cotton-grass
Native,
Secure
 
NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
(Spreng.) Palla

1913. Trichophorum planifolium  (Spreng.) Palla
Bashful bulrush Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5

Images
Wikispecies
(L.) Hartm.
 ssp. cespitosum

1849. Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Hartm.
Deer's-hair club sedge,
Deer's hair sedge,
Deergrass,
Deerhair bulrush,
Tufted bulrush
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid
 
NYFA: 2

Images
Wikispecies
(A.Gray) S.G.Sm.

1995. Trichophorum clintonii (A.Gray) S.G.Sm.
Clinton's bulrush Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 1

USDA-NN
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Wikispecies