Bikol/Speech Register
Bikol has a a speech level or register not found in any Philippine language. Its called “angry register” by Jason Lobel but is a misnomer since one does not have to be angry to use it. One can use it if irritated, or wants to intimidate, antagonize, shock, to elicit laughter, to spice up a conversation, or to put people down or outside their normal place.
Xyller Yañez in his blog called it Palanit, and the other register Palumhok. Palanit register can also use words that imply vulgar, unpolished behavior, or apply words normally descriptive of animals. Both palanit and palumhok describe the speaker’s attitude towards the thing, or emotions at that moment. The following are just a few of the examples in Bikol.
The speech register of Bikol, also known natively as tamanggot, is sometimes used by mothers when nagging. Some examples of the register include:
| Normal Bikol | Speech register Bikol | English translation |
|---|---|---|
| malutò | malustod | rice (cooked) |
| bagas | lasgas | rice (uncooked) |
| tubig | tamìlig, tùlig | water |
| bungog | lusngog | deaf |
| uran | bagrat | rain |
| bagyo | alimagyo | typhoon/hurricane |
| babayi | babaknit, siknit | female |
| lalaki | lalaknit | male |
| bado, gubing | lasdô, lamasdo | clothes |
| harong | langag
lasngag |
house |
| sira | sigtok, buragtok | fish |
| ikos | kurasmag, kasmag | cat |
| ayam, idò | da(ma)yô (Naga), gadyâ (Legazpi) |
dog |
| tukaw | igad | to sit down |
| higda | litad | to lie down |
| damulag (Naga), karabaw (Legazpi) |
gadyâ (Naga) | carabao |
| humali | wumara | leave |
| magkakan/kumakan (Naga), magkaon/kumaon (Legazpi) |
hablô, humablô, habluon, sibà, sumibà, sumibsib | eat |
| burat (Naga), buyong (Legazpi) |
lusrat, lusyong, bultok | drunk |
| taram | tabil | to speak |
| kapot, kapotan | kamlô, kamlùon | to hold, holding |
| hiling | butlâ | to see |
| bitis | singkil, samail, samingkil | foot |
| talinga | talingugngog | ear |
| ngusò (Naga), ngimot (Legazpi) |
ngurapak, ngaspak, ngislo | mouth |
| kamot | kamulmog | hand |
| mata | malsok | eye |
| payo | alintak,
alimantak |
head |
| hawak (Naga), lawas (Legazpi) |
kabangkayan | body |
| tulak | tindos, la(ma)sdak | belly/stomach |
| sapatos | sapagtok | shoe |
| kalayo | kalasbot | fire |
| kawali | kawalwag | frying pan |
| sarwal | sarigwal | shorts or underwear |
| asin | tasik | salt |
| manok | maldos, malpak | chicken |