Wikibooks

Wildlife Gardening/Location/West Virginia/Lepidoptera

< Wildlife Gardening‎ | Location/West Virginia

Family Hesperiidae (skippers) edit

Family Lycaenidae (gossamer-winged butterflies) edit

Family Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies) edit

Family Papilionidae (swallowtails) edit

Family Pieridae edit

Family Riodinidae edit




















Family Hesperiidae (skippers) edit

Achalarus edit

Achalarus lyciades (hoary edge) edit

  • Desmodium- preferred
  • Baptisia tinctoria- possible
  • Lespedeza- possible


Nectar et al:


Trifolium pratense Trifolium repens Apocynum Asclepias syriaca All pref^

Lonicera japonica


[1]


Amblyscirtes edit

Amblyscirtes hegon (pepper and salt skipper) edit

Glyceria striata Poa pratensis Sorghastrum nutans Uniola latifolia


Nectar et al:

Viburnum Rubus Erigeron soil dung


[1]


Amblyscirtes vialis (common roadside-skipper) edit

Poa Uniola latifolia Agrostis Cynodon dactylon



Nectar et al:

low flowers

Viola pedata Phlox Potentilla Verbena hastata Prunella vulgaris Draba Blephilia


[1]



Anatrytone edit

Anatrytone logan (Delaware skipper) edit

Andropogon Panicum virgatum Possibly other grasses



Nectar et al:


prefs white or pink flowrs Asclepias Cephalanthus occidentalis Mentha Cirsium


[1]


Ancyloxypha edit

Ancyloxypha numitor (least skipper) edit

Leersia oryzoides Poa


Nectar et al:

low plants w small flowers Oxalis Cichorium Trifolium Apocynum Cephalanthus


[1]


Atalopedes edit

Atalopedes campestris (sachem) edit

Digitaria- pref Eleusine indica- pref

Cynodon dactylon


Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum Trifolium Mentha Cirsium Vernonia Eupatorium Aster Tagetes-pref


[1]


Atrytonopsis edit

Atrytonopsis hianna (dusted skipper) edit

Andropogon scoparius-pref Andropogon gerardii


Nectar et al:

Trif red and white Fragaria Rubus Phlox


[1]


Autochton edit

Autochton cellus (golden-banded skipper) edit

  • Amphicarpa bactreata


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Rubus Hydrangea arborescens


[1]


Epargyreus edit

Epargyreus clarus (silver-spotted skipper) edit

  • Robinia pseudoacacia- young shoots, preferred host
  • Gleditsia triacanthos
  • Desmodium
  • Apios americana
  • Lespedeza
  • Pueraria lobata


Nectar et al:

prefs pink red or purp flowers and white to lessr degre prefs: Vernonia Eupatorium Trifolium Apocynum


[1]


Erynnis edit

E baptisiae edit

Baptisia tinctoria preferred Coronilla varia B australis Lupinus


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Rubus Trif red white


[1]



Erynnis brizo (sleepy duskywing) edit

Quercus ilicifolia- preferred other Q species less preferred Castanea dentata


Nectar et al:

soil Vaccinium Rhododendron Cercis canadensis Rubus Taraxacum


[1]


Erynnis horatius (Horace's duskywing) edit

Quecus rubra- preferred Q ilicifolia- preferred Q stellata- preferred other white oaks



Nectar et al:

prefs white yellow flowers Apocynum Mentha Cephalanthus occidentalis Solidago



[1]


Erynnis icelus (dreamy duskywing) edit

Salix Populus possibly Robinia



Nectar et al:


Cercis canadensis Vaccinium Fragaria Claytonia Vicia Viola pedata Rubus Brassica Apocynum Daucus carota Rudbeckia hirta


Erynnis juvenalis (Juvenal's duskywing) edit

Quercus alba preferred other Q species both white and red


Nectar et al:

Vicia Viola pedata Potentilla Claytonia Prunus Cercis canadensis Elaeagnus umbellata Crataegus Rubus Vaccinium ^pref


[1]


Erynnis lucilius (columbine duskywing) edit

Aquilegia canadensis Aquilegia vulgaris



Nectar et al:

prefs pink white yellow flowers

Phlox Viola Arenaria Draba Blephilia Hieracium



[1]



Erynnis martialis (mottled duskywing) edit

Ceanothus americanus other C species


Nectar et al:

Houstonia Lithospermum Apocynum Ceanothus americanus soil and dung and carrion


[1]


Erynnis persius (persius duskywing) edit

Willow Aspen Lupinus Baptisia tinctoria



Nectar et al:

low early spring flowers


[1]


Euphyes edit

Euphyes bimacula (two-spotted skipper) edit

Carex spp Carex stricta


Nectar et al:

Asclepias incarnata Vernonia Spiraea Lyonia lygustrina


[1]


Euphyes conspicua (black dash) edit

Carex spp

Carex stricta- pref


Nectar et al:

large wetland flowering plants Asclepias incarnata Cirsium Vernonia Eupatorium


[1]


Euphyes vestris (dun skipper) edit

Carex Carex stricta Cyperus spp



Nectar et al:


pref white pink or purple flowers all pref: Asclepias Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Prunella vulgaris Mentha Echium vulgare


[1]


Hesperia edit

Hesperia leonardus (Leonard's skipper) edit

Panicum- preferred Danthonia spicata- pref Agrostis- pref

Andropogon Poa



Nectar et al:

Liatris pref purple or pink flowers Vernonia-pref Eupatorium-pref Aster-pref Cirsium-pref Dipsacus-pref


[1]


Hesperia metea (cobweb skipper) edit

Andropogon scoparius- pref Andropogon gerardii

other A species


Nectar et al:

Viola pedata Claytonia Fragaria Trifolium


[1]




Hesperia sassacus (Indian skipper) edit

Panicum- preferred Andropogon scoparius- pref Festuca rubra- pref Poa Danthonia spicata




Nectar et al:

Lamium Hieracium orange and yellow Lithospermum Phlox Echium vulgare Rubus


[1]


Hylephila edit

Hylephila phyleus (fiery skipper) edit

Digitaria-preferred Agrostis- preferred

Cynodon dactylon


Nectar et al:

Cirsium Asclepias Vernonia Eupatorium Centaurea Aster Tagetes


[1]



Lerema edit

Lerema accius (clouded skipper) edit

Erianthus alopecuroides Echinochloa- possible


Nectar et al:

Cephalanthus occidentalis Prunella vulgaris Verbena Trifolium Tagetes Buddleja Liatris


[1]



Nastra edit

Nastra lherminier (swarthy skipper) edit

Andropogon scoparius Poa other grasses


Nectar et al:

low growing flowers pref fav colors white pink or blue Mentha Vicia Trif red white Desmodium Ceanothus americanus


[1]



Panoquina edit

Panoquina ocola (ocola skipper) edit

Saccharum spp- pref Poaceae Leersia oryzoides


Nectar et al:

Cephalanthus occidentalis-pref Asclepias-pref Vernonia-pref Eupatorium-pref


[1]



Pholisora edit

Pholisora catullus (common sootywing) edit

Chenopodium album- preferred Amaranthus- occasion Celosia- occasion


Nectar et al:


Trifolium Apocynum Oxalis Mentha Asclepias Cucurbita


[1]


Poanes edit

Poanes hobomok (Hobomok skipper) edit

Panicum preferred Panicum microcarpon- pref Panicum clandestinum- normal Poa Andropogon scoparium Danthonia spicata Leersia oryzoides



Nectar et al:

Rubus Ligustrum Asclepias Echium vulgare Lamium


[1]



P zabulon edit

Triodia flava- pref Eragrostis- pref Panicum microcarpon Leersia virginica Poa


Nectar et al:

Lonicera japonica Ligustrum Rubus Cephalanthus occidentalis Vicia Vernonia Viola Asclepias Trifolium Eupatorium


[1]


Polites edit

Polites mystic (long dash skipper) edit

Poa


Nectar et al:

Asclepias Desmodium Kalmia latifolia Hieracium Apocynum Trifolium pratense


[1]


Polites origenes (crossline skipper) edit

Glyceria medicaria Poa Andropogon scoparius Triodia flava Carex scabrata other c species


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Vicia Trifolium Ironweed Asclepias Echium vulgare


[1]


Polites peckius (Peck's skipper) edit

Leersia oryzoides Poa rice cutgrass


Nectar et al:

red clover- pref Apocynum Asclepias Cirsium Eupatorium Vernonia Vicia Ceanothus americanus Prunella vulgaris Echium vulgare Verbena hastata


[1]


Polites themistocles (tawny-edged skipper) edit

Panicum- preferred esp small species Panicum microcarpon chck size Poa Glyceria Carex scabrata other c species



Nectar et al:

Apocynum Trifolium Cirsium Asclepias Echium vulgare Cichorium intybus


[1]


Polites vibex (whirlabout) edit

Paspalum setaceum- pref Paspalum spp possible Panic grasses poss


Nectar et al:


Erigeron Apocynum Echium vulgare


[1]


Pompeius edit

Pompeius verna (little glassywing) edit

Triodia flava- pref



Nectar et al:

white pink purple flowers preffed Asclepias Apocynum Mentha Vernonia Echium vulgare ^ all pref


[1]


Pyrgus edit

Pyrgus centaureae (grizzled skipper) edit

Potentilla canadensis- preferred Fragaria- preferred other Cinquefoils


Nectar et al:


low flowers Potentilla canadensis Fragaria spp Claytonia Viola pedata Phlox subulata


[1]



Pyrgus communis (common checkered-skipper) edit

Malva Abutilon theophrasti Althaea Sida


Nectar et al:


small white flowers

Erigeron-pref Aster-pref Trifolium Desmodium Centaurea


[1]


Staphylus edit

Staphylus hayhurstii (Hayhurst's Scallopwing) edit

Chenopodium album


Nectar et al:


Trifolium Apocynum Mentha Polygonum Tagetes


[1]


Thorybes edit

Thorybes bathyllus (southern cloudywing) edit

Desmodium Lespedeza Strophostyles helvola Phaseolus polystachios Apios americana Clitoria mariana Amphicarpa bactreata Astragalus canadensis


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Asclepias syriaca Trifolium pratense Coronilla varia Echium vulgare Eupatorium Vernonia


Thorybes confusis (confused cloudywing) edit

Possibly Lespedeza and Desmodium


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Trifolium pratense Asclepias Vicia Lonicera Cirsium


[1]


Thorybes pylades (northern cloudywing) edit

Desmodium- preferred Lespedeza- preferred Trifolium Medicago Vicia


Nectar et al:

Trifolium pratense Apocynum Asclepias Vicia Lonicera japonica Cirsium


[1]


Thymelicus edit

Thymelicus lineola (European skipper) edit

Dactylis glomerata Holcus lanatus Phleum pratense other grasses


Nectar et al:

Trifolium pratense-pref Erigeron Chrys leuc Hieracium Asclepias Cirsium Apocynum Trifolium repens


[1]


Urbanus edit

Urbanus proteus (long-tailed skipper) edit

  • Desmodium
  • Amphicarpa bactreata
  • Phaseolus
  • Clitoria mariana
  • Wisteria


Nectar et al:

composites


[1]


Wallengrenia edit

Wallengrenia egeremet (northern broken dash) edit

Panicum pref Panicum clandestinum- preferred Panicum virgatum- preferred


Nectar et al:

prefs purple pink white flowers

Trifolium red white Centaurea Ceanothus americanus


[1]

Family Lycaenidae (gossamer-winged butterflies) edit

Atlides edit

Atlides halesus (great purple hairstreak) edit

Phoradendron flavescens male flowers and leaves


Nectar et al:

Solidago Clethra acuminata Aralia spinosa


[1]


Callophrys edit

Callophrys augustinus (brown elfin) edit

Heaths Vaccinium spp Gaulussacia brachyceral


Nectar et al:

Cercis canadensis Vaccinium Elaeagnus umbellata Gaylussacia Phlox Barbarea vulgaris


[1]


Callophrys irus (frosted elfin) edit

Lupinus perennis-pref Baptisia tinctoria-pref esp in WV


Nectar et al:

Lupinus Rubus


[1]


Callophrys gryneus (juniper hairstreak) edit

Juniperus virginiana

Nectar et al

spring

Claytonia Phlox Viola pedata Lepidium campestre Barbarea vulgaris Cercis canadensis

summer Asclepias Apocynum Melilotus alba


[1]


Callophrys henrici (Henry's elfin) edit

variable by location

Cercis canadensis-pref in WV Ilex opaca Vaccinium spp Gaylussacia spp

Nectar et al:

Cercis canadensis Erigeron puddle


[1]


Callophrys niphon (eastern pine elfin) edit

Pinus virginiana-pref esp young trees P rigida P echinata P sylvestris


Nectar et al:


Phlox Taraxacum Potentilla canadensis Comandra umbellata Vaccinium Rubus Cercis canadensis


[1]



Callophrys polios (hoary elfin) edit

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi-pref Epigaea repens


Nectar et al:

Vaccinium Salix


[1]


Calycopis edit

Calycopis cecrops (red-banded hairstreak) edit

Rhus typhina R copallina leaf detritus-pref Lactuca sativa var crispa- pref

Nectar et al

Rhus Apocynum Prunus serotina Rubus Asclepias Ellaeagnus umbellata Ceanothus americanus Achillea



[1]


Celastrina edit

Celastrina ladon (spring azure) edit

Type I and lucia auctorum

cornus florida flowers black cherry fruit

Violacea type II black cherry leaf galls from eriophyid mites

Neglecta uses flower buds of ceanothus americana cimicifuga racemosa Rhus glabra Spiraea spp Actinomeris alternifolia


Females will lay eggs on the buds of the following, but the caterpillars won't survive

Hydrangea arborescens Sambucus spp Viburnum spp


Nectar et al:

Malus Prunus Prunus serotina Amelanchier Cercis canadensis Viburnum Lindera benzoin Rubus


Late spring and summer: Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Ligustrum Asclepias Melilotus officinalis M alba


Males puddle and scavenge carrion


[1]



Celastrina neglectamajor (Appalachian azure) edit

Cimicfuga racemosa


Nectar et al:

Rubus pref Viburnum

Males puddle



[1]



Celastrina nigra (dusky azure) edit

Aruncus dioicus


Nectar et al:

females drink more nectar males drink from soil Cercis canadensis Geranium Dentaria Claytonia


[1]


Cupido edit

Cupido comyntas (eastern tailed blue) edit

Fabaceae Lespedeza spp-pref Trifolium pratense-pref T arvense medicago sativa Vicia spp Desmodium spp Melilotus officinalis



Nectar et al:


plants w short corollas Potentilla Barbarea vulgaris Melilotus alba Trifolium red a white Apocynum Mentha Aster


[1]


Erora edit

Erora laeta (early hairstreak) edit

fagus grandifolia fruits corylus spp fruits Betula spp catkins Salix spp


Nectar et al:

Claytonia Erigeron Achillea Chrys leuc Daucus carota Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Asclepias tuberosa

females drink at puddles


[1]



Benefactor taxa for monarchs
Taxon Behavior Food Reproduction Shelter Water Notes
 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

Feniseca edit

Feniseca tarquinius (harvester) edit

Aphids: Prociphilus Melirhizophagus Neoprociphilus Schizoneura Pemphigus

Aphid host plants: Alnus spp Hamamelis virginiana Fagus spp Fraxinus spp Crataegus spp Acer saccharinum Smilax spp


Nectar et al:

aphid honeydew moist soil animal dung


[1]



Glaucopsyche edit

Glaucopsyche lygdamus (silvery blue) edit

Vicia caroliniana-pref Lathyrus venosus other vetches


Nectar et al:


Cercis canadensis Vicia caroliniana Claytonia Potentilla composites


[1]


Lycaena edit

Lycaena epixanthe (bog copper) edit

Vaccinium oxycoccos V macrocarpon


Nectar et al:

cranberry flowers



[1]



Lycaena hyllus (bronze copper) edit

Rumex verticillatus-pref R cripus-pref Polygonum spp


Nectar et al

males don't drink as much nectar as females

Trifolium Rubus Chrys leuc Eupatorium Apocynum Polygonum Aster


[1]


Lycaena phlaeas (American copper) edit

Rumex acetosella- pref R crispus- non


Nectar et al:


Ranunculus Potentilla canadensis Chrys leuc Trifolium Achillea Asclepias Aster


[1]


Parrhasius edit

Parrhasius m-album (white M hairstreak) edit

Quercus alba-pref Tilia spp



Nectar et al:

Asclepias Eupatorium Cornus Viburnum Rhus Oxydendrum arboreum Prunus serotina Solidago Apocynum Rubus


[1]



Satyrium edit

Satyrium calanus (banded hairstreak) edit

Quercus alba Q prinus Juglans nigra J cinerea Carya spp


Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Achillea Rhus typhina Melilotus alba Sambucus canadensis


[1]


Satyrium caryaevorum (hickory hairstreak) edit

Carya cordiformis C glabra C ovata


Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum Cirsium Daucus carota Rhus typhina Melilotus alba Ceanothus americanus


[1]


Satyrium edwardsii (Edwards' hairstreak) edit

Quercus ilicifolia- pref Q marilandica Q velutina


Nectar et al:


Asclepias Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Rhus typhina Solidago Melilotus alba



[1]


Satyrium favonius (southern hairstreak) edit

Quercus alba Q stellata Q velutina Q rubra Q ilicifolia-poss



Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Vaccinium


[1]


Satyrium liparops (striped hairstreak) edit

Ericaceae Rosaceae Vaccinium spp Rhododendron calendulaceum Prunus serotina Crataegus spp Amelanchier spp Rubus spp Pyrus spp Malus spp Carpinus caroliniana



Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum Rhus typhina Ceanothus americanus Viburnum Solidago


[1]



Satyrium titus (coral hairstreak) edit

Prunus serotina-pref P virginiana Rosaceae- poss



Nectar et al:


Asclepias-pref A tuberosa- pref Apocynum Ceanothus americanus Melilotus alba Achillea


[1]


Benefactor taxa for monarchs
Taxon Behavior Food Reproduction Shelter Water Notes
 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

Strymon edit

Strymon melinus (gray hairstreak) edit

Fabaceae Malvaceae Lespedeza spp Desmodium spp Vicia spp Trifolium spp Malva spp Phaseolus spp




Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum Barbarea vulgaris Cercis canadensis Cirsium Solidago Mentha Melilotus alba Trifolium


[1]

Family Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies) edit

Aglais edit

Aglais milberti (Milbert's tortoiseshell) edit

Urtica dioica U gracilis


Nectar et al:

Cirsium Asclepias Vernonia Trifolium Verbesina alternifolia Aster

also

ferm fruit damp soil probably sap


[1]


Asterocampa edit

Asterocampa celtis (hackberry emperor) edit

Celtis tenuifolia C occidentalis


Nectar et al:


sap rotting fruit dung carrion moist soil

ans Sweat salt


[1]



Asterocampa clyton (tawny emperor) edit

Celtis tenuifolia C occidentalis


Nectar et al:


soil dung rotting fruit tree sap

rarely milkweed


[1]


Boloria edit

Boloria bellona (meadow fritillary) edit

Viola soraria V papilionacea


Nectar et al:

esp composites Achillea millefolium Daucus carota Chrys leuc Taraxacum offinale Apocynum Trifolium Verbesina alternifolia Cirsium Vernonia Solidago Aster


[1]



Boloria selene (silver-bordered fritillary) edit

Viola cucullata V pallens V striata V primulifolia V papilionacea



Nectar et al:

Apocynum Asclepias Vernonia Achillea millefolium Chrys leuc Trif pratense Mentha Solidago


[1]



Cercyonis edit

Cercyonis pegala (common wood-nymph) edit

c p pegala

Danthonia spicata Triodia flava Andropogon spp Poa spp

Nectar et al:

prefs sap ferm fruit dung

Asclepias Chrysanthemum leuc Rudbeckia hirta Daucus carota Trifolium Dipsacus Vernonia Eupatorium Monarda fistulosa


SUBSPECIES

c pegala nephele

host is "grasses"

Nectar et al:

sap ferm fruit moist soil

reg Chrys leuc Asclepias


[1]


Chlosyne edit

Chlosyne gorgone (gorgone checkerspot) edit

Helianthus Ambrosia Lysimachia


Nectar et al:

yellow composites preferred Solidago Coreopsis

reg Melilotus alba Asclepias Erigeron


[1]


Chlosyne harrisii (Harris' checkerspot) edit

Aster umbellatus


Nectar et al:

Erigeron Hieracium Chrys leuc Taraxacum officinale


[1]


Chlosyne nycteis (silvery checkerspot) edit

Verbesina alternifolia- pref Helianthus spp H tuberosus H. strumosus Aster puniceus


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Asclepias Erigeron Barbarea vulgaris Trifolium Taraxacum officinale Cirsium arvense Pastinaca sativa


[1]


Cyllopsis edit

Cyllopsis gemma (gemmed satyr) edit

Cynodon dactylon


Nectar et al:

damp soil dung fungi tree sap fermenting fruit


[1]


Danaus edit

Enodia edit

Enodia anthedon (northern pearly-eye) edit

Leersia virginica Panicum spp Hystrix patula Uniola latifolia Erianthus alopecuroides Brachyelytrum erectum



Nectar et al:


prefs willow sap ferm fruit dung carrion fungi damp soil


[1]


Euphydryas edit

Euphydryas phaeton (Baltimore checkerspot) edit

Chelone glabra- pref Plantago lanceolata Viburnum recognitum Pedicularis canadensis Lonicera japonica Aureolaria flava other A spp



Nectar et al:


Asclepias Apocynum Chrys leuc Trifolium Rudbeckia hirta Viburnum

puddle

also dung


[1]


Euptoieta edit

Euptoieta claudia (variegated fritillary) edit

Viola- pref cultivated pansies-pref Podophyllum peltatum Sedum spp. Portulaca spp Menispermum spp Desmodium spp


Nectar et al:


prefs:

Asclepias Cirsium Apocynum Vernonia Eupatorium Aster red white clover

reg:

Mentha Echium vulgare


[1]


Hermeuptychia edit

Hermeuptychia sosybius (Carolina satyr) edit

Poa spp Poa pratensis Cynodon dactylon



Nectar et al:

sap ferm frut dung

puddle


[1]


Junonia edit

Junonia coenia (common buckeye) edit

Scrophulariaceae Plantaginaceae Acanthaceae Plantago lanceolata- pref P rugelii- pref Linaria vulgaris-pref Aureolaria spp Agalinis spp Ruellia spp



Nectar et al:

Daucus carota Helianthus Aster Asclepias Vernonia Trifolium


[1]


Libytheana edit

Libytheana carinenta (American snout) edit

Celtis occidentalis C tenuifolia


Nectar et al:

like 2 puddle

reg

Apocynum Solidago Aster Daucus carota Rubus Asclepias Eupatorium


[1]


Limenitis edit

Limenitis archippus (viceroy) edit

Salix spp- pref Populus tremuloides- pref P alba- nonpref P deltoides- non P nigra- non


Nectar et al:

prefs dung carrion fermenting fruit moist sand soil

reg Asclepias Cirsium Eupatorium Dipsacus Aster


[1]


Limenitis arthemis (red-spotted purple) edit

Prunus serotina P virginiana Amelanchier spp Populus grandidentata P tremuloides P alba P deltoides Pyrus malus Quercus velutina Quercus ilicifolia Salix spp


[1]



Nectar et al:

prefs sap ferm fruit damp soil dung carrion

nonpref

Prunus serotina Viburnum Cornus


[1]


Megisto edit

Megisto cymela (little wood satyr) edit

Poa spp Dactylis glomerata


Nectar et al:

prefs sap fermenting fruit fungi aphid honey dew dung wet soil

non pref:

Asclepias Chrys leuc Melilotus alba Rubus spp Viburnum spp Rhus typhina


[1]


Nymphalis edit

Nymphalis antiopa (mourning cloak) edit

Salix nigra- pref S babylonica- pref Ulmus americanus Populus tremuloides P grandidentata Celtis spp

Late instar Quercus ilicifolia

Nectar et al:


tree sap

rotting fruit

rarely: Asclepias Apocybum Ceanothus


[1]



Nymphalis vaualbum (Compton tortoiseshell) edit

Populus spp Salix spp Betula spp




Nectar et al:


prefs rotting fruit sap moist soil



[1]





Phyciodes edit

Phyciodes batesii (tawny crescent) edit

Aster undulatus A simplex



Nectar et al:

variety of june bloomers


[1]


Phyciodes cocyta (northern crescent) edit

slash selenis

Compositae Aster simplex


Nectar et al:

Apocynum Erigeron Trifolium repens Chrysanthemum leucanthemum


[1]


Phyciodes tharos (pearl crescent) edit

Many Compositae Aster simplex A pilosus A laevis A novae-angliae


Nectar et al:

almost any flower, esp if flat

prefs Taraxacum officinale Hieracium Chrysanthemum Rudbeckia hirta Asclepias Apocybum Aster Achillea millefolium Solidago


[1]


Polygonia edit

Polygonia comma (eastern comma) edit

Urtica spp Boehmeria cylindrica Laportea canadensis Ulmus spp Humulus spp Celtis- nonpref

Nectar et al:

moist soil tree sap rotting fruit dung carrion

rare Eupatorium Rubus


[1]


Polygonia faunus (green comma) edit

Salix Betula Alnus Ribes- poss



Nectar et al:

damp soil tree sap rotten fruit dung carrion flower nectar


[1]



Polygonia interrogationis (question mark) edit

Ulmus spp- pref Celtis spp- pref Urtica spp Boehmeria cylindrica


Nectar et al:

prefs rotting fruit tree sap dung carrion damp soil

reg Asclepias Aster Cornus Trifolium pratense


[1]


Polygonia progne (gray comma) edit

Ribes rotundifolia- pref Ulmus- non Rhododendron nudiflorum



Nectar et al:

prefs sap ferm fruit dung

Arctium minus Dipsacus


[1]


Satyrodes edit

Satyrodes appalachia (Appalachian brown) edit

Carex lacustris C stricta- pref Glyceria striata



Nectar et al:

prefs Sap Ferm fruit rotting fungi dung


[1]


Satyrodes eurydice (eyed brown) edit

Carex lacustris C lupulina C stricta C bromoides C trichocarpa




Nectar et al:

prefs Sap ferm fruit fungi

reg: Asclepias incarnata Eupatorium Monarda fistulosa



[1]



Speyeria edit

Speyeria aphrodite (Aphrodite fritillary) edit

Viola papilionacea V cucullata V soraria V striata


Nectar et al:

prefs: Asclepias Arctium Eupatorium Vernonia Apocynum Cirsium Echium vulgare Chrysanthemum Pycnanthemum flexuosum


[1]


Speyeria atlantis (Atlantis fritillary) edit

Viola papilionacea V cucullata V soraria V blanda V pennsylvanica V canadensis V striata



Nectar et al:


Asclepias Apocynum Spiraea Arctium Chrys leuc Achillea millefolium Erigeron Trifolium pratense Mentha Prunella vulgaris Monarda clinopodia


[1]


Speyeria cybele (great spangled fritillary) edit

Viola papilionacea V cucullata V soraria V striata


Nectar et al:

prefs Asclepias Cirsium Eupatorium Apocynum Pycnanthemum flexuosum

regular: Trifolium Echium vulgare


[1]


Speyeria diana (diana fritillary) edit

Viola


Nectar et al:

Asclepias syriaca-pref A tuberosa-peef A incarnata-pref Cirsium- pref Monarda fistulosa Eupatorium Vernonia


[1]


Benefactor taxa for monarchs
Taxon Behavior Food Reproduction Shelter Water Notes
 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

Speyeria idalia (regal fritillary) edit

Viola



Nectar et al:

Jul Asc syriaca A incarnata A tuberosa

Aug-sep Vernonia Eupatorium Cirsium Aster

Eupatorium perfoliatum-nonpref

Trifolium



[1]



Benefactor taxa for monarchs
Taxon Behavior Food Reproduction Shelter Water Notes
 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

Vanessa edit

Vanessa atalanta (red admiral) edit

Urtica dioica- pref U gracilis-pref Boehmeria cylindrica Parietaria pensylvanica Laportea canadensis



Nectar et al:

sap-pref ferm fruit-pref dung-pref carrion-pref


cirsium Asclepias Apocynum Trifolium pratense Chrys leuc Daucus carota Syringa



[1]


Vanessa cardui (painted lady) edit

Cirsium spp- pref Asteraceae Malvaceae Althaea spp- pref Malva neglecta Boraginaceae Fabaceae cultivated Artemisia




Nectar et al:

esp fond of composites Cirsium vernonia Eupatorium Asclepias Trifolium pratense Aster Zinnia Tagetes


[1]





Vanessa virginiensis (American painted lady) edit

Antennaria spp A neglecta A viginica A plantaginifolia Anaphalis margaritacea Gnaphalium spp





Nectar et al:

Asclepias Apocynum red clover white clover Cirsium Taraxacum officinale Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Solidago Aster


[1]

Family Papilionidae (swallowtails) edit

Battus edit

Battus philenor (pipevine swallowtail) edit

Aristolochia macrophylla- pref A serpentaria


Nectar et al:

Pink and purple flowers pref Phlox Asclepias Eupatorium Vernonia Cirsium Lilium superbum


[1]


Papilio edit

Papilio canadensis (Canadian tiger swallowtail) edit

Liriodendron tulipifera- activeley toxic

Populus tremuloides P. grandidentata Betula spp. Prunus serotina



Nectar et al:

males puddle same as eastern tiger Nectar et al:

Asclepias-pref Cirsium-pref Vernonia-pref Eupatorium-pref Rhododendron-pref Apocynum-pref Albizia julibrissin-pref Lilium spp-pref Trifolium pratense-pref


[1]


Papilio cresphontes (giant swallowtail) edit

Zanthoxylum americanum Z clava-herculis Ptelea trifoleata Citrus spp


Nectar et al: Asclepias, especially small woodland species Solidago Saponaria officinalis Lonicera japonica


[1]


Papilio glaucus (eastern tiger swallowtail) edit

Liriodendron tulipifera- pref Prunus serotina- pref Fraxinus-poss Lindera benzoin-poss Syringa vulgaris-poss Ptelea trifoliata-poss



Nectar et al:

Asclepias-pref Cirsium-pref Vernonia-pref Eupatorium-pref Rhododendron-pref Apocynum-pref Albizia julibrissin-pref Lilium spp-pref Trifolium pratense-pref


[1]


Papilio polyxenes (black swallowtail) edit

Umbelliferae Daucus carota D c var. sativa Anethum graveolens Petroselinum crispum Ruta graveolens



Nectar et al:

Trifolium Asclepias Cirsium Vernonia Eupatorium


[1]


Papilio troilus (spicebush swallowtail) edit

Sassafras albidum-pref Lindera benzoin-pref Liriodendron tulipifera- poss Zanthoxylum americanum- poss


Nectar et al: can use long tubed flowers Lonicera japonica-pref Impatiens-pref

Asclepias Cirsium Eupatorium Apocynum Rhododendron Albizia julibrissin


[1]


Protographium edit

Protographium marcellus (zebra swallowtail) edit

Asamina triloba


Nectar et al:

males like to puddle Rubus Apocynum Cercis canadensis Asclepias Echium vulgare


[1]

Family Pieridae edit

Anthocharis edit

Anthocharis midea (falcate orangetip) edit

Cardamine spp Arabis laevigata A serotina A glabra Alliaria officinalis Lepidium campestre Dentaria laciniata other mustard fam spp


Nectar et al:

Claytonia Viola pedata Cardamine hirsuta Lepidium Dentaria Arabis

[1]


Colias edit

Colias eurytheme (orange sulphur) edit

Medicago sativa- pref Trifolium repens T spp Melilotus alba-non Baptisia-non Coronilla varia-non Vicia spp.-non other leg-non


Nectar et al:

non-deep tubed

Taraxacum Aster

Trifolium-pref Mentha-pref Chrysanthemum-pref Dipsacus-pref Solidago-pref Cirsium-pref Vernonia-pref


[1]


Colias interior (pink-edged sulphur) edit

Vaccinium angustifolium-pref other blueberries


Nectar et al:

red and blue flowers pref Trifolium pratense Prunella vulgaris Satureja vulgaris

Yellow Taraxacum officinale Lotus corniculatus

White nonpref Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Aralia hispida



[1]


Colias philodice (clouded sulphur) edit

Trifolium repens -pref Trifolium pratense- pref other legumes poss


Nectar et al: Taraxacum Trifolium Solidago Vernonia Eupatorium Aster Tagetes Chrysanthemum


[1]


Euchloe edit

Euchloe olympia (Olympia marble) edit

Arabis laevigata- pref Arabis serotina- pref other rockcresses-pref

Cardamine hirsuta-non



Nectar et al:

Claytonia Viola pedata Phlox Houstonia Stellaria Arabis


[1]


Eurema edit

Eurema lisa (little yellow) edit

Cassia fasciculata C nictitans larger leaved Sennas usually avoided


Nectar et al: Aster Solidago Trifolium Prunella Liatris


[1]


Eurema nicippe (sleepy orange) edit

Cassia fasciculata C hebecarpa C marilandica C nictitans


Nectar et al:

Trifolium Melilotus alba Echium vulgare Aster Vernonia


[1]


Phoebis edit

Phoebis sennae (cloudless sulphur) edit

Cassia fasciculata C hebecarpa C marilandica-poss C nictitans- poss


Nectar et al:

long tubed flowers Lonicera Lobelia cardinalis Hibiscus syriacus Cirsium Cassia


[1]


Pieris edit

Pieris rapae (cabbage white) edit

many crucifers Barbarea vulgaris Brassica spp broccoli cauliflower cabbage Alliaria officinalis

Nectar et al:

Taraxacum-spring Lepidium-spring Brassica-spring

trifolium-later Mentha-later Aster-later

Asclepias-nonpref Eupatorium-nonpref other large composites-nonpref


[1]


Pieris virginiensis (West Virginia white) edit

Dentaria laciniata- pref D diphylla- pref Arabis spp- nonpref Alliaria officinalis-non-pref Arabis serotina Cardamine spp Cardamine hirsuta Arabis laevigata-pref


Nectar et al: Claytonia Dentaria Sedum Viola


[1]


Pontia edit

Pontia protodice (checkered white) edit

Lepidium virginicum-pref L densiflorum-pref Capsella bursa-pastoris Barbarea vulgaris other mustards


Nectar et al: Sisymbrium-pref Barbarea vulgaris-pref other mustards Asclepias Trifolium


[1]

Family Riodinidae edit

Calephelis edit

Calephelis borealis (northern metalmark) edit

Senecio obovatus- pref other ragworts




Nectar et al: Achillea Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Rudbeckia hirta Erigeron





Benefactor taxa for monarchs
Taxon Behavior Food Reproduction Shelter Water Notes
 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Asclepias tuberosa, the butterfly milkweed.

 

 

 

 

 






[1]

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw Allen, Thomas J. (1997). Bonta, Marcia (ed.). The Butterflies of West Virginia and Their Caterppillars. Pitt Series in Nature and Natural History. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 388. ISBN 9780822956570.
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