Wildlife Gardening/Location/Maryland

Geography

General description of environment and ecology. USDA hardiness zones and/or international equivalents.

Taxa

Taxa of interest

Native

List of native taxa and their favorable attributes. Some taxa may be dual-listed in taxa of concern and this should be pointed out.

Native butterflies of West Virginia
Taxon	Amphibians and fishes	Birds	Mammals	Reptiles	Invertebrates	Plants and fungi	Notes
Vanessa virginiensis, the American painted lady butterfly. Adult pictured.	4 !	4 !	4 !	4 !	4 !	4 !

Vines

Bignonia capreolata
Campsis radicans
Clematis virginiana
Lonicera sempervirens
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Passiflora incarnata
Wisteria frutescens

Trees to check:

Acer rubrum
Acer saccharum- strongly allelopathic
Acer negundo- moderately allelopathic
Betula nigra
Carya glabra
Carya laciniosa
Castanea dentata
Fagus grandifolia- may be slightly allelopathic
Fraxinus americana- may be slightly allelopathic
Fraxinus pennsylvanica- may be slightly allelopathic
Liquidambar styraciflua
Liriodendron tulipifera
Nyssa sylvatica
Platanus occidentalis- strongly allelopathic
Quercus alba- moderately allelopathic
Quercus coccinea
Quercus falcata- strongly allelopathic
Quercus palustris
Quercus phellos
Quercus rubra- may be slightly-strongly allelopathic
Quercus velutina
Tilia americana- slightly allelopathic
Ulmus americana- strongly allelopathic

Conifers to check

Chamaecyparis thyoides- not in WV
Juniperus virginiana
Pinus strobus
Pinus virginiana
Tsuga canadensis

Shrubs and understory trees to check:

Acer pennsylvanicum
Acer spicatum
Alnus serrulata
Amelanchier arborea
Amelanchier canadensis
Amelanchier laevis
Amorpha fructicosa
Aralia spinosa
Aronia arbutifolia
Aronia melanocarpa
Asimina triloba
Baccharis halimifolia
Carpinus caroliniana
Castanea pumila
Ceanothus americanus
Celtis occidentalis
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Chionanthus virginicus
Clethra alnifolia
Comptonia peregrina
Cornus alternifolia
Cornus amomomum
Cornus florida
Cornus racemosa
Cornus sericea
Corylus americanus
Dirca palustris
Euonymus americanus
Hamamelis virginiana
Hydrangea arborescens
Ilex decidua
Ilex glabra
Ilex opaca
Ilex verticillata
Itea virginica
Kalmia angustifolia
Kalmia latifolia
Lindera benzoin
Magnolia virginiana
Marella pennsylvanica
Ostrya virginiana
Rhododendron arborescens
Rhododendron atlanticum
Rhododendron calendulaceum
Rhododendron maximum
Rhododendron periclymenoides
Rhododendron prinophyllum
Rhododendron viscosum
Rhus copallina
Rhus glabra
Rhus typhina
Rosa blanda
Rosa carolina
Rosa palustris
Rosa setigera
Rosa virginiana
Salix discolor
Salix nigra
Salix sericea
Sambucus canadensis
Sassafras albidum
Spiraea alba
Spiraea tomentosa
Ulmus rubra
Vaccinium angustifolium
Vaccinium corymbosum
Viburnum acerifolium
Viburnum dentatum
Viburnum nudum
Virburnum prunifolium

Ground covers to check.

Antennaria dioica
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Asarum canadense
Carex galucodea
Carex pennsylvanica
Carex platyphylla
Carex stricta
Chrysogonum virginianum
Fragraria virginiana- not in wv
Gaultheria procumbens
Hepatica americana
Maianthemum canadense
Mitchella repens
Pachysandra procumbens- not in wv
Phlox divaricata
Phlox maculata
Phlox stolonifera
Podophyllum peltatum
Potentilla candensis
Potentilla simplex
Sedum ternatum
Tiarella cordifolia
Viola blanda
Viola pallens
Viola papilionacea
Viola pedata
Viola septentrionalis
Waldsteinia fragrarioides

HP dry sites to check

Agrimonia parviflora
Amsonia tabernaemontana
Anemone canadensis
Aquilegia canadensis
Arisaema triphyllum
Asclepias tuberosa
Aster divaricatus
Aster latiflorus
Aster novae-angliae
Aster oblongifolius
Aster spectabilis
Baptisia australis
Cardamine concatenata
Chrysopis mariana
Cimicifuga racemosa
Coreopsis lanceolata
Coreopsis verticillata
Eupatorium hyssopifolium
Eupatorium perfoliatum
Eupatorium rotundifolium
Eupatorium serotinum
Euphorbia corollata
Geranium maculatum
Heliopsis helianthoides
Heuchera americana
Lespedeza virginica
Mertensia virginica
Oenothera fructicosa
Packera aurea
Phlox maculata
Pycnathemum muticum
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
Ratibida pinnata
Rudbeckia fulgida
Rudbeckia nitida
Salvia lyrata
Sedum ternatum
Senna hebecarpa
Silene virginica
Sisyrinchium angustifolium
Solidago caesia
Solidago canadensis
Solidago graminifolia
Solidago rugosa
Solidago speciosa
Vernonicastrum virginicum

HP Moist sites to check

Aconitum uncinatum
Actaea pachypoda
Agastache scrophulariifolia
Aruncus dioicus
Asclepias incarnata
Aster puniceus
Astilbe biternata
Boltonia asteroides
Chelone glabra
Coreopsis rosea
Dicentra cucullaria
Dicentra eximia
Erythronium americanum
Eupatorium coelestinum
Eupatorium dubium
Eupatorium fistulosum
Eupatorium rugosum
Filipendula rubra
Helenium autumnale
Helianthus angustifolius
Hibiscus moscheutos
Iris versicolor
Jeffersonia diphylla
Liatris spicata
Lobelia cardinalis
Lobelia siphilitica
Ludwigia alternifolia
Lysimachia ciliata
Mimulus ringens
Monarda didyma
Penstemon digitalis
Phlox paniculata
Polemonium reptans
Polygonatum commutatum
Rudbeckia laciniata
Verbena hastata
Vernonia noveboracensis

Grasses, Sedges, Rushes

Andropogon gerardii
Andropogon ternarius - not wv
Andropogon virginicus
Carex flaccosperma - not wv
Carex pennsylvanica
Carex vulpinoidea
Chasmanthium latifolium
Elymus canadensis
Elymus hystrix
Elymus virginicus
Eragrostis spectabilis
Juncus effusus
Panicum virgatum
Saccharum giganteum - not wv
Schizachyrium scoparium - not wv check name
Sorghastrum nutans
Tripsacum dactyloides

Ferns- all wv

Adiantum pedatum
Athyrium filix-femina
Denstaedtia punctilobula
Onoclea sensibilis
Osmunda cinnamomea
Osmunda regalis
Polystichum acrostichoides
Thelypteris noveboracensis

don't forget to note deer resistance

Introduced

Introduced butterflies of West Virginia
Taxon	Amphibians and fishes	Birds	Mammals	Reptiles	Invertebrates	Plants and fungi	Notes
Vanessa virginiensis, the American painted lady butterfly. Adult pictured.	4 !	4 !	4 !	4 !	4 !	4 !

Taxa of concern

Taxa that one might be very cautious about having around like large predators, venemous animals, poisonous plants, agricultural pests, invasive species, noxious weeds.

Native butterflies of West Virginia
Taxon	Safety	Social or legal	Conservation	Garden goals	Notes
Vanessa virginiensis, the American painted lady butterfly. Adult pictured.

Law

Laws of interest to wild gardeners.