Salute, Jonathan!/Grammar (pronouns)
Pronouns
editThere are two forms, one for the subject (nominative), the other for the object (accusative or dative, oblique case).
Subject
edit| Pronoun | Meaning | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | I | Ma poy yo trovat un del naveros, e il lassat me intrar. (Ch.29) | But then I found one of the sailors, and he let me in. |
| tu | you (informal) | Yo vole que tu va rememorar me. (Ch. 27) | I want you to remember me. |
| il | he | Il ne save. (Ch. 4) | He doesn't know. |
| ella | she | Trovante li porta cludet, ella sercha li clave. (Ch.27) | Finding the door shut, she searches for the key. |
| it | it | It esset ja deci horas. (Ch.49) | It was already ten o'clock. |
| noi | we | It va esser un signe que noi credet unaltru (Ch. 36) | It will be a sign that we believed each other. |
| vu | you (formal) | Il memora vos tre bon e qualmen vu ha auxiliat le. (Ch. 36) | He remembers you quite well and how you have helped him. |
| ili
(also illos for masc. pl., ellas for fem. pl.) |
they | Ili have null problema mover li buxes in li castelle. (Ch. 18) | They have no problems moving the boxes in the castle. |
Object
edit| Pronoun | Meaning | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| me | me | Tu monstru, da me mi filie! (Ch. 18) | You monster, give me my child! |
| te | you (informal) | Tu save que yo scri te mult. (Ch. 22) | You know that I write you much. |
| le | him | Yo scrit pri le in mi altri lettre. (Ch. 23) | I wrote about him in my other letter. |
| la | her | Omnicos da la coses pri quel revar. (Ch. 32) | Everything gives her things to dream about. |
| it | it | Nequi vive in li dom; vi li claves por it. (Ch. 34) | Nobody lives in the house; here are the keys for it. |
| nos | us | Ples dar nos li moné quel resta. (Ch. 34) | Plase give us the remaining money. |
| vos | you (formal) | Li patiente dormi - yo aperte li lettre denov por dir vos un altri cose. (Ch. 34) | The patient is sleeping - I open the letter again to tell you something else. |
| les
(also los for masc. pl., las for fem. pl.) |
they | Tu e yo va monstrar les que ili ne es corect. (Ch. 39) | You and I will show them that they are not correct. |
The indefinite pronoun 'on'
editThe pronoun "on" is used to talk about people in a general sense, similar to the English "one" or "you", or sentences in the passive form or with some other construction to imply but not use a concrete pronoun.
- Nu on ne posse vider li lune - Now the moon can't be seen ("Now one cannot see the moon")
- Jonathan pensa: “Bon! On manja!” E il manja. - Jonathan thinks: "Good! Time to eat! ("One eats!")" And he eats.
- Li blu flamme es li loc u on posse trovar un tresor. - The blue flame is the place where you ("one") can find a treature.
- In Rumania on di li surnómine, poy li nómine. - In Romania people say the surname, then the (first) name.