Verbena

Verbena

Verbena
Genus:Verbena
Family:Verbenaceae
Type:Annuals, Perennials
Pollination:Insects

Verbena (Verbena or Vervain) is a genus of about 250 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the Verbenaceae. The majority of the species are native to the New World from Canada south to southern Chile, but a few also native in the Old World, mainly in Europe (V. officinalis, V. supina).

Description

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The leaves are usually opposite, simple, and in many species hairy, often densely so. The flowers are small, white, pink, purple or blue, with five petals, and borne in dense cymes or panicles.

The stems are square in cross section. Roots are fibrous.

Species

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Uses

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Grown for the showy flowers and generally good foliage, but some species are used as medicinal and culinary herbs.

Maintenance

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Propagation

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Propagated by seed, division, or summer cuttings.

Harvesting

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Pests and diseases

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Bacterial Wilts

  • Pseudomonas solacearum

Powdery Mildew

  • Erisiphe chichoracearum

Leaf Spots

  • Septoria

Flower Blights

  • Botrytis cinerea

Stem Rots

  • Macrophomina phaseoli
  • Pellicularia filamentosa
  • Phymatotrichum omnivorum
  • Thielaviopsis basicola

Rusts

Nematodes

Aphids

Whiteflies

Scales

Bugs

Thrips

Beetles

Maggots

Caterpillars

Mites

References

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  • Ann Fowler Rhoads and Timothy A. Block (2000). The Plants of Pennsylvania: An Illustrated Manual. Anna Anisko, illustrator. Morris Arboretum, University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 698–699. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Christopher Brickell and Judith D. Zuk (1997). The American Horticultural Society A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. DK Publishing. pp. 1044–1045. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Staff of the L. H. Bailey Hortorium (1976). Hortus Third: A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivated in the United States and Canada. Cornell University Press. pp. 1148–1149. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Pirone, Pascal P. (1978). Diseases & Pests of Ornamental Plants (Fifth Edition ed.). John Wiley & Sons, New York. pp. 527–528. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Cranshaw, Whitney (2004). Garden Insects of North America: The Ultimate Guide to Backyard Bugs. Princeton University Press. p. 625. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Pippa Greenwood, Andrew Halstead, A.R. Chase, Daniel Gilrein (2000). American Horticultural Society Pests & Diseases: The Complete Guide to Preventing, Identifying, and Treating Plant Problems (First Edition ed.). Dorling Kindersley (DK) Publishing, inc. p. 201. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)