General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases/Answers

1.

a) hydrobromic acid

b) sulfuric acid

c) potassium hydroxide, base

d) sulfurous acid

e) phosphoric acid

f) bromous acid

g) sodium chloride, neutral salt

2. Substance: conjugate acid; conjugate base

a) water (H₂O): hydronium (H₃O⁺); hydroxide (OH^-)

b) ammonia (NH₃): ammonium (NH₄⁺); amide (NH₂^-)

c) bisulfate ion (HSO₄^-): sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄); sulfate ion (SO₄^2-)

d) zinc hydroxide (Zn(OH)₂): Zn(OH)⁺; no conjugate base

e) hydrobromic acid (HBr): no conjugate acid; Br^-

f) nitrite ion (NO₂^-): nitrous acid (HNO₂); no conjugate base

g) dihydrogen phosphate ion (H₂PO₄^-): phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄); biphosphate ion (HPO₄^2-)

3.

a) A, E

b) B, C

c) A, B, C, E

d) D

e) No. Both acids and bases will conduct electricity.

4. Conjugate acids are underlined. Conjugate bases are in bold font.

a) HCl + H₂O → H₃O + Cl^-

b) HClO + H₂O → ClO^- + H₃O

c) CH₃CH₂NH₂ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂NH₃⁺ + OH^-

5.

a) strontium hydroxide: both

b) butyllithium (C₄H₉Li): Brønsted-Lowry (reacts with protons to form C₄H₁₀ + Li)

c) ammonia: Brønsted-Lowry

d) potassium hydroxide: both

e) potassium iodide: neither

6. No, pure water can still have a very minute amount of dissolved ions.

H₂O + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + OH^-