Welsh/Grammar/Verbs/Past
< Welsh
The present tense in Welsh can translate as either the 'present indicative' or the 'present progressive'. For example, Dwi'n siarad can translate as 'I speak', 'I do speak', 'I am speaking'.
| Cymraeg | English | Cymraeg | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| I do, I am | Rydw i | We do, We are | Rydyn ni |
| You do, you are | Rwyt ti | You do, you are | Rydych chi |
| He does, He is | Mae e/o | They do, They are | Maen nhw |
| Use the particle 'yn' to connect Verb-Nouns. Yn shortens to 'n after a vowel, as in the following examples. |
Dwi'n siarad Cymraeg.
- I speak Welsh. I do speak Welsh. I am speaking Welsh.
Mae hi'n mynd i'r theatr.
- I go to the theatre. I do go to the theatre. I am going to the theatre.
Maen nhw'n canu.
- They sing. They do sing. They are singing.
| Remember: If using the particle with a noun or adjective, the noun must undergo a soft-mutation if possible. |
Dwi'n athro.
- I'm a teacher
Mae hi'n bump oed.
- She is 5 years old.
| Cymraeg | English | Cymraeg | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes: I do, I am | Ydw / Nac ydw | Yes: We do, We are | Ydyn / Nac ydyn |
| Yes: You do, you are | Wyt / Nac wyt | Yes: You do, you are | Ydych / Nac ydych |
| Yes: He does, He is | Ydy / Nac ydy | Yes: They do, They are | Ydyn / Nac ydyn |
| Remember: Welsh does not use 'yes' or 'no' responses. Instead, you answer with a more direct 'I do' or 'He is' type response. |
A: Wyt ti'n mynd i'r parc?
B: Ydw. Dwi'n mynd i'r parc.
- A: Are you going to the park?
- B: I am (yes). I'm going to the park.
A: Ydy hi'n hoffi ffilmiau?
B: Ydy. Mae'n hi'n hoffi ffilmiau.
- A: Does she like films?
- B: She does (yes). She likes films.
A: Ydy Brad yn chwarae heddiw?
B: Nac ydy. Dydy Brad ddim yn chwarae heddiw.
- A: Is Brad playing today?
- B: He isn't. Brad isn't playing today.