Tibetan/Nouns

མིང་ཚིག Ming tshig

Honorific forms

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Many nouns and verbs have honorific forms called she sa.

Noun Common Honorific
Phone ཁ་པར Kha par ཞེལ་པར She par
Teacher དགེ་རྒན Ge gan རྒན་ལགས Gan lag
Book དེབ Deb ཕྱག་དབ phyag deb

Declensions

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Here we have the declension of the noun house (Nang)

Cases Singular Plural
Nominative Nang Nang tsh'o
Genitive Nang gi Nang tsho i
Dative Nang la Nang tsho i
Accusative Nang Nang tsh'o
Locative Nang la Nang tsho i
Agentive Nang gi Nang tsho i
Ablative Nang ne Nang tsho ne

Genitive Case

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The last sound of the noun determines the genitive suffix. The following rules determine the appropiate suffixes:

Last sound Suffix
-'a -'i
-g or -ng -gi
-n, -m, -r or -l -gyi
-d, -b or -s -kyi

Agentive Case

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The rules for which suffix to use are as follows;

Last sound Suffix
-'a -s
-g or -ng -gis
-n, -m, -r or -l -gyis or -kyis

Ablative

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  • བོད་ནས
    • Bod na
      • From Tibet.
  • རྒྱ་གར་ནས
    • Gya gar na
      • From India.
  • ཡུ་རོབ་ནས
    • Yu rob na
      • From Europe.

In sentences:

  • ཁོང་ཡུ་རོབ་ནས་རེད།
    • Khong yu rob na red
      • She is from Europe.
  • ཁྱེད་རང་རྒྱ་གར་ནས་ཡིན་པས།
    • Khyed rang gya gar na yin pa
      • Are you from India?
  • ང་བོད་ནས་མ་རེད་པས།
    • Nga bod na ma red pa
      • Am not I from Tibet?