Structural Biochemistry/Matter

Properties of Matter

Matter is…
consisted of “stuff”
anything that has mass and volume

Example:
Cups, Identification Cards, Humans, Sweaters, Air

Composition

Composition is the simpler substances that make up matter.

Substance

Substance has a fixed composition and is a type of matter.

Properties

Properties are the characteristics of each substance.

Physical Properties
Physical property is a substance that is shown by itself. There does not need to change into or interact with other substances. They usually require physical change, which is when the substance alters its physical form and not its composition. They are usually the same before and after any changes.
Water (solid form) -> water (liquid form)

Chemical Properties
Unlike physical property, chemical property is a substance that requires be changing into or interacting with other substances. They usually have chemical changes or chemical reactions. This is when the substance is converted into a different substance.
Water -> hydrogen gas + oxygen gas

3 States of Matter

1. Solid
It has its own fixed shape.
2. Liquid
It conforms to the container; however, it all depends on how much liquid you have in the container.
3. Gas
It also conform the shape and fits to the entire container. It, however, does not form at the surface.

Periodic Table

Atomic Number
The atomic number is the amount of protons present in the nucleus of the atom.
Example: Carbons have 6 protons. Therefore, it’s atomic number is 6.
Oxygen has 8 protons. Therefore, it’s atomic number is 8.

Mass Number
The mass number is the total amount of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
Example: Carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. The total number is 12, which is also known as the mass number.

Atomic Symbol
The atomic symbol is the symbol for each element in the periodic table.
Example: Carbon’s atomic symbol is C.

Resources

Silberberg, Martin S. Principles of General Chemistry. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2007. Print.