Spanish by Choice/Novelas Cortas 16/Print version
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Novelas Cortas: El Año en Spitzberg, pt. 2
Introduction
Second part of the short story “El Año en Spitzberg,” which appears in the book “Novelas Cortas” by Pedro Antonio de Alarcón with notes by W.F. Giese. LibriVox recording read by Karen Savage.
Text
XI
¡Me he engañado miserablemente!
Creía hallarme en la primavera; esperaba ver el sol; contaba con que habrían transcurrido cuatro o cinco meses..., ¡y me hallo con el invierno, y es de noche, y estamos en Enero, a juzgar por la disposición de las estrellas!...
¡Aun no ha mediado mi sufrimiento, cuando yo no podía sufrir ya más!...—¿Qué va a ser de mí?
He allí la luna en el cénit obscuro del firmamento....
Parece una blanca paloma venida de otros horizontes a visitar un mundo olvidado por el Criador....
¡Doloroso espectáculo!
Por donde quiera(209) que miro, veo sólo un interminable páramo, una soledad sin límites....
El mar helado, y cubierto además de nieve, no se diferencia de la tierra.
Los elementos se confunden aquí como las horas de mi ocio.
Todo ha mudado de sitio, de forma, de color.
El valle está repleto de nieve y nivelado con el monte.
El árbol se asemeja a una campana de cristal.
La superficie del Océano no es lisa: fantásticas breñas de hielo la cubren.
Y todo está mudo, blanco, frió, inmóvil.
¡Qué monotonía tan desesperadora!
El cielo aparece negro al lado de la reverberante claridad de la luna y de la nieve. Las estrellas se ven tan lejos y tan atenuadas que parecen, pertenecer a otros mundos.
Mas ¿por qué se extiende de pronto una obscuridad densísima?
¿Por qué las estrellas fulguran en la sombra con un brillo desusado?
¿Qué es esto?
Desbórdase de la luna un océano de claridad; la blanca sábana que envuelve la creación refleja una luz intensa; la lontananza del horizonte se rasga y se prolonga....
En seguida las tinieblas se tornaron espesísimas.
¿Qué misterio se obra en la Naturaleza?
¡Oh! ¡La aurora boreal!
El Septentrión se inflama con mil luces y colores; una llamarada de oro y fuego inunda el espacio ilimitado; las soledades se incendian; los monolitos de hielo brillan con todos los matices del arco iris. Cada carámbano es una columna de topacio; cada estalagmita una lluvia de zafiros. Rásgase la penumbra, y descúbrense océanos de claridad.... ¡Allá adivino el Polo alumbrado intensamente, erial solitario que ningún pie humano llegará a hollar nunca! Y en aquella región de continuo espanto creo divisar el eje misterioso de la Tierra....
Único espectador de este sublime drama, caigo instintivamente de rodillas....
¡He aquí los confines del Globo trocados en esplendoroso templo, en una capella ardente[120-1] en un sagrario de purísimo oro derretido!
Dominando tan vasta iluminación álzanse columnas de llama aérea, arcos de divina lumbre, bóvedas de flámulas desatadas.... Así se conciben la cuna del rayo, el manantial de la luz, el lecho del sol en la fulgente tarde....
¡Cuánta vida, cuánto ardor, cuánta belleza en el universo! ¡Qué lujo de fuego y de colores, después de tanto tiempo en que mis ojos sólo vieron la atonía del color y de la existencia!
Pronto se concentran en un punto tantos ríos de ebulliciente claridad, y fórmanse mil soles de fuegos fatuos, que se apagan sucesivamente, como la iluminación de terminada fiesta. Los prismas se decoloran: la escarlata amarillea: la púrpura toma un tinte violado....
¡Otra vez desolación y tinieblas!
El meteoro ha desaparecido.
XII
Heme de nuevo en mi sepulcro.
El ocio y el frío combaten otra vez mi cuerpo y mi alma.
¡El ocio! Acurrucado frente a[121-1] la hoguera paso unas horas sin medida....
Mis ojos se nutren de la llama: mi corazón respira olas de fuego. Sin este fuego no fluiría mi sangre.... El ocio y el frío son una misma cosa.
Y pasa el tiempo....
Ya[121-2] pienso en nimiedades, en frívolas relaciones de un átomo de ceniza con un átomo de lumbre: ya se desentumecen mis ideas, y recorro el mundo de una ojeada. Mi niñez y mis amores; toda la historia de mi vida pasa ante mi imaginación....
Cuando salga de aquí, si lo consigo, habré nacido de nuevo.
El frío y el ocio han cristalizado otro sér con los despojos de mi sér pasado.
¡Cuánto profundo y asolador pensamiento, cuánta negativa ciencia adivinada sacaré de esta prisión!
La soledad me ha engrandecido de un modo horrible, espantoso....
He visto el mundo y la sociedad tan a lo lejos, en tan graduada perspectiva, que he adquirido el conocimiento exacto de todas las cosas.
¡Cuánta pequeñez he dejado de apreciar!... ¡Pequeñeces que allá juzgaba de alta transcendencia!
¡Oh! ¡Si vuelvo al mundo viviré soberanamente, sin que el velo de la preocupación me oculte la felicidad, sin que la costumbre me aprisione entre sus redes! ¡Qué invulnerable me hizo la desesperación!
Entre mi corazón y el mundo no hay ya ningún lazo: el hielo nos separó para siempre.
¡Yo soy yo! Todos los hombres son una unidad, y yo soy otra.
¡Yo soy, pues, un mundo! ¡Un mundo rival de aquél!
¡Yo lo aplastaré mañana bajo mi egoísmo, como él me arrojó ayer de su seno!
Yo era humilde: yo quería mi puesto en aquella familia de hermanos; yo abdicaba mi individualidad por conseguir solidaridad en un poco de amor.... Hoy me han endurecido mi pensamiento y su crueldad. ¡Guerra a muerte! ¡Me basto contra todos!
¡Tengo frío en el alma como en el cuerpo!
XIII
Después de otra eternidad de inacción, que así puede haber sido un día como un año (pues no tengo conciencia de mi propia vida), abandono de nuevo esta caverna.
El frío material es insoportable....
¡Oh!... ¡qué duda tan espantosa llevo en el cerebro!...
¡Acabo de pensar que acaso habrá transcurrido ya el verano; que bien puedo encontrarme con nuevas nieves; que quizás ha empezado otra noche de dos mil doscientas horas!...
¡Ah!... Este pensamiento me hiela el corazón y el alma. He salido de la gruta.
¡Aún es de noche!
¡Tremendo problema!... ¿Qué noche es ésta que estoy mirando?
¿Es que(210) no ha concluido el invierno de mi condena?
¿Es que ha empezado otro?
¿En qué año me encuentro?
XIV
¡Oh ventura! ¡El horizonte se tiñe de color de rosa hacia el Mediodía!
Dijérase que la aurora boreal brilla en el punto opuesto de la bóveda celeste....
Pero no es la fatua aurora boreal.... ¡Es la verdadera aurora, la aurora del día!...
El aliento del Ecuador enrojece las brumas del Océano....
Los hielos sonríen por todas partes al recibir las caricias de la primera alborada....
Las estrellas se borran en el cárdeno firmamento....
La luna se oculta por el Septentrión....
¡Está amaneciendo!
¡Salve, primera luz del alba!
¡Salve, rayo perdido del astro deseado, que vienes a alegrar estos desiertos!
¡Salve, cabello luminoso, desprendido de la dorada frente del sol!
¡Ya es de día!
Así despertaría el mundo el día de la creación.
Así saldría la creación de las tinieblas del caos.
Así renacería la especie humana cuando volvió la paloma al arca de Noé[123-1] con el ramo de oliva.
En cuanto a mí, hoy despierto de la nada del no ser, de esa negación sin nombre en que he vivido tantos meses. Hoy sacuden mis sentidos su letargo, y la luz turba la monotonía de la noche y de la nieve.
Hoy renazco a la vida, y ese rayo matinal que colora el Oriente viene a ser el iris que me presagia mejores días.
Hoy, en fin, se reanuda mi dulce consorcio con la esperanza de vivir.
Una hora ha durado la alborada.
Hubo un momento en que me pareció que el sol iba a salir....
La cerrazón de niebla que entolda el horizonte amenazaba romperse....
Todo ha desaparecido.
He contemplado, pues, sin intervalo alguno el crepúsculo de la mañana y el de la tarde. ¡Espectáculo grandioso! Mi corazón rebosa de entusiasmo y de alegría.
Hoy debe ser el 4 de Febrero.
XV
Día 5.[124-1]
Los resplandores del sol han durado hora y media.
La cúspide de una montaña elevadísima ha reflejado por un momento los rayos del sol.
¡Yo lo veré mañana!
XVI
¡El sol! ¡El sol!
¡Al fin has brillado ante mis ojos, astro divino, manantial de luz, foco de la vida!
¡Cómo me alegra el alma esta corta visita que hoy haces al Spitzberg!
¡Bendito seas mil veces, rey de la Naturaleza, coronado de rayos y vestido de oro, que te anuncias al mundo con la risueña aurora y te despides con el melancólico suspiro de la tarde!
¿Qué son las estrellas sino tu brillante séquito, tu numerosa corte, que tarda una noche entera en desfilar por los cielos?
XVII
Han transcurrido tres meses más, abreviados por la esperanza.
¡La primavera! La diosa de los perfumes y de la armonía sonríe ya en el cielo, en la tierra, en el mar y en el ambiente.
Todo vive; todo se agita; todo se alegra.
El sol acaba de ocultarse por el Norte: ¡dentro de una hora volverá a salir!
Pasado mañana, que deberá ser el 5 de Mayo, empezará el día de tres meses, durante el cual vendrá algún buque groenlandero a este archipiélago, y me volverá al mundo habitado por los hombres.
En este instante iluminan la tierra cinco distintos resplandores: el crepúsculo de la tarde, la claridad del amanecer, un perdido destello de la agonizante aurora boreal, el moribundo resplandor que desde el Sur envía la menguada luna, y la vacilante luz de las remotísimas estrellas.
El blinc, o sea la refracción de la nieve, mezcla su fulgor a tantos fulgores, dando a la Naturaleza cierto vislumbre fantástico.
XVIII
He aquí a la Creación[125-1] revestida de todos los encantos que se atreve a desplegar en esta latitud.
El mar ha roto sus cadenas de hielo y mece en lontananza sus verdes olas.
El viento ha recobrado elasticidad.... ¡Siquiera el ruido es ya una distracción en esta ociosidad perdurable! Óyense hacia el Norte estruendos misteriosos....
Es que se hunden los alcázares de cristal que edificó la mano del invierno.
Incesantemente se deslizan por el Océano, viniendo del Polo, mil flotantes islas, que pasan ante mis ojos como fantasmas, hijos del espanto de estas regiones, o como ambulante cordillera....
Son témpanos de hielo que desharán mañana las brisas del Círculo polar.[126-1]
Esto sucede en el Océano. En la tierra todo sonríe, murmura, canta y se desenvuelve.
Las campiñas se cubren de cierta verdura, algunos vegetales cuelgan por los laderos de las montañas, y hasta en la nieve brotan amarillos fresales.
Mil cascadas y torrentes, formados por el deshielo, corren, saltan y se derrumban con alegre estrépito, comunicando al aire estremecido placidísimos rumores.
Las adormideras blancas y las doradas siemprevivas inclinan sus lánguidas cabezas sobre la espuma de las aguas como náyades voluptuosas.
Los cedros seculares y los desgajados abetos se cubren de obscuras hojas.
El liquen festonea los zócalos de las montañas.
Donde quiera hay variedad, colores, vida, movimiento.
La isla canta, el mar se lamenta, la atmósfera murmura.... ¡Magnífico concierto!
El burgomaestre, el buitre polar, arroja su prolongado grito.
Los mallemaks[126-2] trinan con blanda melodía.
Los rotger modulan su patético gorjeo, semejante al arrullo de la tórtola.
El apura-nieves, el pájaro de oro, revolotea de acá para allá, como una estrella sin destino.
¡Qué transformación, qué resurrección tan admirable!
Y, sin embargo, esta primavera sería aterradora comparada con el más rudo invierno de Escocia.[126-3]
XIX
¡Ah! ¿Qué es aquel punto negro que se destaca sobre los confines del Océano, bajo la cúpula azul del firmamento?
Mi corazón late con una violencia irresistible.
¿Me habré engañado?
¡Gracias, Dios mío! ¡Es un buque ballenero!
Viene hacia aquí....
Irá al estrecho de Henlopen, y pasará a un cuarto de milla de esta isla.
Mi escopeta le avisará....
¡Me he salvado!
¡Desesperación!
El frío ha destruido el organismo de mi escopeta.
¡No podré hacer señal a ese buque!
Lo estoy viendo.... Dista de aquí una milla.... Es un groenlandero....
—¡Socorro! ¡Socorro! ¡Socorro!
¡Ah! No puedo más:(211) mi voz enronquece.... ¡Estoy tan extenuado!...
—¡Socorro!...
¡No me oyen!
¡Oh, estar tan cerca de los hombres y no salvarme!
¡Ver el puerto después del naufragio, y morir sin tocar la orilla!
¡Morir, como Prometeo,[127-1] encadenado en una roca!
¡Morir después de un año de martirio; después de haber comprado la vida con diez meses de sepultura!
¡Y no hay remedio!
¡Ya doblan el cabo de Henlopen!...
¡Desaparecieron!... ¡Ay!... ¡Desaparecieron!
¡Tremenda ironía de mi destino!
¡Necio de mi,[127-2] que me reconcilié con la esperanza! ¡Necio de mí...que!... ¡Ah! No huyas de esa manera ante mis ojos, Dios mió!
¿Y qué?
¿He de confiarme de nuevo a una suerte cruel que se burla de mis lágrimas?
¡No!
Estoy decidido.
Yo mismo me daré la muerte.
Esto es mejor que pasar otro invierno enterrado vivo en un sepulcro.
¡Los sepulcros se han hecho para los muertos!
XX
A bordo del Grande Esberrer.
Día 8 de Agosto.
Camino hacia los lares patrios.
Acabo de perder de vista(212) la última montaña del Spitzberg.
El buque que me ha recogido es el mismo que ví alejarse hacia el estrecho de Henlopen.
Cuando me desangraba por cuatro cisuras que me hice en pies y manos, la tripulación del Grande Esberrer, que había desembarcado en otra rada de la isla del Nordeste, me encontró tendido en tierra y me salvó la vida....
Llegué al Spitzberg a la edad de diez y nueve años, y he permanecido allí diez meses. Sin embargo, los marineros que me acompañan, al ver encanecidos mis cabellos, mi frente surcada de arrugas y mis ojos tétricos y apagados, me creen llegado a la edad de treinta y cinco o cuarenta años....
Guadix, 1852.
EPÍLOGO.—DEDICATORIA
A MI BUEN AMIGO EL SR. D. JOSÉ J. VILLANUEVA
Te remito un puñado de canas de mi cabeza.
El papel en que van envueltas es mi fe de bautismo.
Por ella verás que tengo veintiún años: de consiguiente,[129-1] tenía diez y nueve cuando escribi el anterior monólogo.
Dice un refrán que por todas partes(213) se va a Roma.
Y yo añado que por cualquier parte se va a Spitzberg.
Este epílogo es también la dedicatoria de la presente obrilla.
Recíbelo todo con indulgencia, y devuélveme la fe de bautismo.
Madrid, 1854.
Notes
(The first figures refer to the original pages of text, and second figures to the reference figures in text).
120-1: capella ardente: (Italian) place where a dead body lies in state amid burning tapers.
121-1: frente a: in front of.
121-2: Ya... ya: now... now.
123-1: Noé: Noah (cf. Genesis, viii).
124-1: Día 5: (sc. de Febrero).
125-1: a la Creación: this is the direct object of he aquí (= behold). The preposition a, regularly used before the personal direct object, may be used before things also when personified. Cf. p. 61, last line.
126-1: Círculo polar: Arctic Circle (66-2/3° N. latitude).
126-2: mallemak, etc.: retain the original name in translating.
126-3: Escocia: Scotland. Cf. note estupefacto, p. 9, 1.
127-1: Prometeo: Prometheus, who was chained to a rock by order of Jove for stealing fire from heaven.
127-2: ¡Necio de mí!: cf. same note, p. 13, 1.
129-1: de consiguiente: the usual phrase is por consiguiente.
Idiomatic Commentary
209. Por donde quiera que vaya. — Wherever he may go.
(Review 50, 22, 3).
(Review 83, 113, 77, 54, 112, 61).
(Review 96, 45, 57, 15).
(Review 56, 15, 53, 99, 81).
210. ¿Es que ha empezado? — Has it begun (lit. is it (true) that it has begun)?
(Review 80, 59).
(Review 60, 57, 48, 12, 33, 59).
(Review 9, 209, 207).
(Review 15, 16, 197, 101, 83).
211. No puedo más. — I can do (or stand) no more.
(Review 40, 18, 98, 112, 61, 9, 57, 53).
212. Lo perdí de vista. — I lost sight of it.
(Review 168, 85).
213. Iban por todas partes. — They went in every direction.
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- Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
- For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
- Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
- Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified version.
- Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
- Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements".
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
8. TRANSLATION
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.
9. TERMINATION
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not give you any rights to use it.
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.
11. RELICENSING
"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published by that same organization.
"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in part, as part of another Document.
An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this License, and if all works that were first published under this License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
How to use this License for your documents
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
- Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
- with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
- A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
- Free Documentation License".
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
- with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
- Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation.
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.