SPARC Assembly/Memory Instructions
Instruction Format edit
This is going to be a quick primer for how to write these memory instructions.
Load Instruction Format edit
Memory instructions load a value from memory, or store a value into memory. The target address is computed as the addition of a base value with an optional offset value.
For example:
ld [%r4 + 10], %r5
loads the register %r5 with the value in memory located at [%r4 + 10]. If %r4 contains the number 25, then the memory location read would be [25 + 10] = 35. The op2 parameter, like the arithmetic instructions can be a register or an immediate. This means that the following are both valid:
ld [%r4 + %r3], %r5
ld [%r4 + 100], %r5
The offset value is the number of bytes offset, not the number of machine words or halfwords. This means that to load consecutive words on a 32 bit machine, the offset needs to be incremented by 4:
ld [%r4 + 4], %r5 ld [%r4 + 8], %r6 ...
Also, the offset value is optional. If the offset is omitted, the assembler will assume a value of 0. For example:
ld [%r4], %r5
will read from location %r4, with no offset.
Store Instruction Format edit
Store instructions are similar to load instructions, except that the operands are reversed. This means that we have the following instruction format:
st rd, [rs1 + op2]
All the rest of the above material applies.
Load Instructions edit
Instruction:
|
Loads an unsigned byte from memory into rd.
Instruction:
|
loads a signed byte from memory into rd. sign-extends result.
Instruction:
|
loads an unsigned halfword from memory into rd.
Instruction:
|
loads a signed halfword from memory into rd. Sign extends result.
Instruction:
|
loads a machine word into rd.
Instruction:
|
Loads a double word into 2 consecutive registers.
Store Instructions edit
Instruction:
|
Stores a byte from register rd into memory.
Instruction:
|
stores a halfword from register rd into memory.
Instruction:
|
stores a machine word from register rd into memory.
Instruction:
|
stores a double value from two consecutive registers into memory.
Swap Instruction edit
Instruction:
|
performs a simultaneous load and store operation, which effectively swaps the value in memory with the value in rd. Is formatted like a load instruction, for example:
swap [%r3 + 4], %r5