Pinyin/Genetics
Genetics is a science that study the inheritance and variations of organisms, is an important branch of biology. In prehistoric time, people have already use the genetic characteristics of organisms, through selecting breeds, to increase the yield of higher grains and livestocks. Modern genetics are about understanding the mechanisms of the whole process of inheritance. This starts in the mid-19th century in the research of Mendel. Although Mendel did not know the fundamental physics of inheritance, but he observed the inheritance characteristics of organisms. Some inheritance units obey simple statistics law, these inheritance units are now known as genes.
Yíchuánxué shì yánjiū shēngwùtǐ de yíchuán hé biànyì de kēxué, shì shēngwù xué de yīgè zhòngyào fēnzhī. Shǐqián shíqī, rénmen jiù yǐjīng lìyòng shēngwùtǐ de yíchuán tèxìng tōngguò xuǎnzé yùzhǒng lái tígāo gǔwù hé shēngchù de chǎnliàng. Ér xiàndài yíchuánxué, qí mùdì shì xúnqiú liǎojiě yíchuán de zhěnggè guòchéng de jīzhì, zéshì kāishǐ yú 19 shìjì zhōngqí Mendel de yánjiū gōngzuò. Suīrán Mendel bìngbù zhīdào yíchuán de wùlǐ jīchǔ, dàn tā guānchá dào le shēngwùtǐ de yíchuán tèxìng, mǒuxiē yíchuán dānwèi zūnshǒu jiǎndān de tǒngjìxué guīlǜ, zhèxiē yíchuán dānwèi xiànzài bèi chēngwéi jīyīn.