PBASIC Programming/Basic Arithmetic

Arithmetic Operators

We can use some of the basic arithmetic operators for common operations. Operators can be used with variables, constants, or numbers.

Common Operators

Addition

To add two numbers together, we use the "+" operator:

Var1 + Var2

Subtraction

To subtract one number from the other, we use the "-" operator:

Var1 - Var2

Multiplication

To multiply, we use the "*" operator:

Var * Var2

Division

To divide two numbers, we use the "/" operator:

Var1 / Var2

Other Math Functions

Multiply High

"**" returns upper 16 bits of 32 bit result:

Var1 ** Var2

Assignment

We can use the "=" operator to assign a value to a variable. For instance, we can write:

MyVar VAR Byte
MyVar = 10

MyVar VAR Byte
MyVar = 10 + 5

MyVar VAR Byte
MyVar2 VAR Byte
MyVar = 10
MyVar2 = MyVar + 10

We can also write a self-assignment, or an assignment where a variable appears on the left and the right side of the statement:

MyVar VAR Byte
MyVar = 10
MyVar = MyVar + 1

On the third line of this program, MyVar equals 10, and then we add one and store the new result into MyVar again. After this program runs, MyVar contains the value of 11.

Overflow and Underflow

Overflow occurs when we attempt to store a number in a variable that is too large for that variable. For instance, if we try to store a number that is larger then 255 in a Byte, or a number that is larger then 65535 in a word. Underflow is the exact opposite problem, where we attempt to create a negative number that is so low that the variable cannot hold it.