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Obstetrics and Gynecology/Adenomyosis

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Definition

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Adenomyosis is defined as the growth of endometrial glandular and stromal tissue within the myometrium.

Epidemiology

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  • Adenomyosis occurs in 10-20% of women.
  • There is a preponderance for adenomyosis in women over the age of 40.

Etiology, Risk Factors, and Pathophysiology

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  • Adenomyosis occurs due to the growth of endometrium inwards (to the myometrial-endometrial interface)

Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Approach

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Adenomyosis typically presents with

  • Dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia
  • Enlarged, tender uterus
  • Suggestive MRI/CT scanning

Diagnosis of adenomyosis is done through hysterectomy.

Management

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Hysterectomy is the only effective therapy for adenomyosis.

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