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Movie Making Manual/Cinematography/Cameras and Formats/Electronic Capture and Storage

< Movie Making Manual‎ | Cinematography

Electronic capture and storageEdit

 
A Panasonic VariCam HD camera on sticks

WikiPedia articles:

BetamaxEdit

VHSEdit

sVHSEdit

Hi8Edit

DVEdit

Tech specs

  • Chroma subsampling: DV or MiniDV(NTSC) = 4:1:1
  • Chroma subsampling: DV or MiniDV(PAL) = 4:2:0

DVcamEdit

XDCAMEdit

Recording DVcam onto optical disk

DVCpro, DVCpro50 and DVCproHDEdit

Panasonic's formats.

They all use exactly the same tape medium but the tape runs faster through the mechanism for the higher quality formats.

Tech specs

  • DVCPRO = 25Mbit/s 4:1:1
  • DVCPRO50 = 50Mbit/s 4:2:2
  • DVCPRO100 = 100Mbit/s 4:2:2

P2Edit

Recording of DVCpro, DVCpro50 or DVCproHD onto PCMCIA-sized solid state memory cards.

P2 to hard diskEdit

CamerasEdit

  • Panasonic AJ-HDC27 - DVCproHD, variable frame rate

BetacamEdit

MPEG2/IMXEdit

HDVEdit

Tech specs

  • Chroma subsampling = 4:2:0
  • Bitrate = 25 megabits per second

the 'prosumer' high definition format, recording high definition video onto miniDV tape using MPEG2 compression

HDCAMEdit

Tech specs

  • Chroma subsampling = 3:1:1
  • Resolution recorded to tape = 1440 x 1080

Cameras

  • Sony HDW-F900, 1920x1080 sensors
  • Sony HDW-750P
  • Sony HDW-730s

HDCAM SREdit

Tech specs

  • Chroma subsampling = 4:4:4

D1Edit

D5 HDEdit

UncompressedEdit

  • Post production is often done uncompressed
  • It's now becomming possible to capture uncompressed, too

Preface: data versus videoEdit

Formats like 2k and 4k are considered "data" rather than "video". A scanner which produce 2k files from film negative are called "data scanners" as apposed to "telecines". Why? The main difference between "data" and "video" is that "data" doesn't use any chroma subsampling and is always RGB (as apposed to a video colour space like YUV). I.E. data is always 4:4:4 RGB.

Advantages of using uncompressedEdit

  • No compression artifacts
  • Maintain full latitude (useful if the footage will be graded)
  • Very little processing required

Disadvantages of using uncompressedEdit

  • Requires lots of storage
  • Requires very fast hard disk

Uncompressed formatsEdit

  • HD <= 1920x1080
  • 2k = 2048x1556
  • 4k =
  • 6k =
  • 8k =

see Table of Formats for more details.

Film style electronic camerasEdit

ViperEdit

Arri D-20Edit

  • 1920x1080

Panavision GenesisEdit

  • 1920x1080

Films made with the GenesisEdit

  • Scary Movie 4
  • Superman Returns

KinettaEdit

Dalsa OriginEdit

  • 12-stops lattitude
  • 4k resolution

Direct to Disk Recording (DDR)Edit

Hard disks for use with DV camerasEdit

  • Formax Oxygen (250GB hard disk, good value for money, plugs into a DV camera)
  • FireStore
  • DVRack software turns a laptop into a hard disk recorder and monitoring system

Hard disks for the JVC GY-HD100 HDV cameraEdit

  • JVC DR-HD100 recorder records audio, timecode, video, all over firewire. 40 and 80GB capacities for >3 and >7 hrs of HDV recording.
    • HD or SD recording
    • SD DV25 as .dv, AVI type 1 or 2, 2 type 24p, QuickTime 30i or 24p (and other AVI formats as well for Matrox etc.), in HD it records 720p24, p25, p30 .m2t files for NLE systems

Hard disks for the Panasonic HVX200 DVCproHD cameraEdit

  • Focus DTE FS100DTE


Miniature / covert camerasEdit

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