Lun Yu/Book 8
< Lun Yu
| Analects of Confucius (Translated by James Legge) |
Simplified Chinese | Traditional Chinese | Chinese Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| BOOK VIII. T'AI-PO. | 泰伯第八 | 泰伯第八 | tài bó dì bā |
| CHAP. I. The Master said, 'T'ai-po may be said to have reached the highest point of virtuous action. Thrice he declined the kingdom, and the people in ignorance of his motives could not express their approbation of his conduct.' | 【第一章】子曰、太伯其可谓至德也已矣、三以天下让、民无得而称焉。 | 【第一章】子曰、太伯其可謂至德也已矣、三以天下讓、民無得而稱焉。 | zǐ yuē tài bó qí kěwèi zhì dé yě yǐ yǐ sān yǐ tiānxià ràng mín wú de ér chèn yān |
| CHAP. II. 1. The Master said, 'Respectfulness, without the rules of propriety, becomes laborious bustle; carefulness, without the rules of propriety, becomes timidity; boldness, without the rules of propriety, becomes insubordination; straightforwardness, without the rules of propriety, becomes rudeness. | 【第二章】【一节】子曰、恭而无礼则劳、慎而无礼则葸、勇而无礼则乱、 直而无礼则绞。 | 【第二章】【一節】子曰、恭而無禮則勞、慎而無禮則葸、勇而無禮則亂、 直而無禮則絞。 | zǐ yuē gōng ér wú lǐ zé láo shèn ér wú lǐ zé xǐ yǒng ér wú lǐ zé luàn zhí ér wú lǐ zé jiǎo |
| 2. 'When those who are in high stations perform well all their duties to their relations, the people are aroused to virtue. When old friends are not neglected by them, the people are preserved from meanness.' | 【二节】君子笃於亲、则民兴於仁、故旧不遗、则民不偷。 | 【二節】君子篤於親、則民興於仁、故舊不遺、則民不偷。 | jūnzǐ dǔ yú qīn zé mín xìng yú rén gù jiù bù yí zé mín bù tōu |
| CHAP. III. The philosopher Tsang being ill, he called to him the disciples of his school, and said, 'Uncover my feet, uncover my hands. It is said in the Book of Poetry, "We should be apprehensive and cautious, as if on the brink of a deep gulf, as if treading on thin ice," and so have I been. Now and hereafter, I know my escape from all injury to my person, O ye, my little children.' | 【第三章】曾子有疾、召门弟子曰、启予足、启予手、诗云、战战兢兢、如临深渊、如履薄冰、而今而後、吾知免夫、 小子。 | 【第三章】曾子有疾、召門弟子曰、啟予足、啟予手、詩云、戰戰兢兢、如臨深淵、如履薄冰、而今而後、吾知免夫、 小子。 | zēng zǐ yǒu jí zhào mén dìzǐ yuē qǐ yú zú qǐ yú shǒu shī yún zhànzhànjīngjīng rú lín shēnyuān rú lǚ báo bīng érjīn ér hòu wú zhī miǎn fū xiǎo zǐ |
| CHAP. IV. 1. The philosopher Tsang being ill, Meng Chang went to ask how he was. | 【第四章】【一节】曾子有疾、孟敬子问之。 | 【第四章】【一節】曾子有疾、孟敬子問之。 | zēng zǐ yǒu jí mèng jìng zǐ wèn zhī |
| 2. Tsang said to him, 'When a bird is about to die, its notes are mournful; when a man is about to die, his words are good. | 【二节】曾子言曰、鸟之将死、其鸣也哀、人之将死、其言也善。 | 【二節】曾子言曰、鳥之將死、其鳴也哀、人之將死、其言也善。 | zēng zǐ yán yuē niǎo zhī jiāng sǐ qí míng yě āi rén zhī jiāng sǐ qí yán yě shàn |
| 3. 'There are three principles of conduct which the man of high rank should consider specially important:-- that in his deportment and manner he keep from violence and heedlessness; that in regulating his countenance he keep near to sincerity; and that in his words and tones he keep far from lowness and impropriety. As to such matters as attending to the sacrificial vessels, there are the proper officers for them.' | 【三节】君子所贵乎道者三、动容貌、斯远暴慢矣、正颜色、斯近信笑、出辞气、斯远鄙倍矣、笾豆之事、则有司存。 | 【三節】君子所貴乎道者三、動容貌、斯遠暴慢 矣、正顏色、斯近信笑、出辭氣、斯遠鄙倍矣、籩豆之事、則有司存。 | jūnzǐ suǒ guì hū dào zhě sān dòng róngmào sī yuǎn bào màn yǐ zhēng yánsè sī jìn xìn xiào chū cí qì sī yuǎn bǐ bèi yǐ biān dòu zhī shì zé yǒu sī cún |
| CHAP. V. The philosopher Tsang said, 'Gifted with ability, and yet putting questions to those who were not so; possessed of much, and yet putting questions to those possessed of little; having, as though he had not; full, and yet counting himself as empty; offended against, and yet entering into no altercation; formerly I had a friend who pursued this style of conduct.' | 【第五章】曾子曰、以能问於不能、以多问於寡、有若无、实若处、犯而不校、昔者吾友、尝从事於斯矣。 | 【第五章】曾子曰、以能問於不能、以多問於寡、有若無、實若處、犯而不 校、昔者吾友、嘗從事於斯矣。 | zēng zǐ yuē yǐ néng wèn yú bùnéng yǐ duō wèn yú guǎ yǒu ruò wú shí ruò chǔ fàn ér bù xiào xī zhě wú yǒu cháng cóngshì yú sī yǐ |
| CHAP. VI. The philosopher Tsang said, 'Suppose that there is an individual who can be entrusted with the charge of a young orphan prince, and can be commissioned with authority over a state of a hundred li, and whom no emergency however great can drive from his principles:-- is such a man a superior man? He is a superior man indeed.' | 【第六章】曾子曰、可以托六尺之孤、可以寄百里之命、临大节、而不可夺 也、君子人与、君子人也。 | 【第六章】曾子曰、可以託六尺之孤、可以寄百里之命、臨大節、而不可奪 也、君子人與、君子人也。 | zēng zǐ yuē kěyǐ tuō liù chǐ zhī gū kěyǐ jì bǎi lǐ zhī mìng lín dà jié ér bù kě duó yě jūnzǐ rén yǔ jūnzǐ rén yě |
| CHAP. VII. 1. The philosopher Tsang said, 'The officer may not be without breadth of mind and vigorous endurance. His burden is heavy and his course is long. | 【第七章】【一节】曾子曰、士、不可以不弘毅、任重而道远。 | 【第七章】【一節】曾子曰、士、不可以不弘毅、任重而道遠。 | zēng zǐ yuē shì bù kěyǐ bù hóng yì rèn zhòng ér dào yuǎn |
| 2. 'Perfect virtue is the burden which he considers it is his to sustain;-- is it not heavy? Only with death does his course stop;-- is it not long? | 【二节】仁 以为己任、不亦重乎、死而後已、不亦远乎。 | 【二節】仁 以為己任、不亦重乎、死而後已、不亦遠乎。 | rén yǐwéi jǐ rèn bù yì zhòng hū sǐ ér hòu yǐ bù yì yuǎn hū |
| CHAP. VIII. 1. The Master said, 'It is by the Odes that the mind is aroused. | 【第八章】【一节】子曰、兴於诗。 | 【第八章】【一節】子曰、興於詩。 | zǐ yuē xìng yú shī |
| 2. 'It is by the Rules of Propriety that the character is established. | 【二节】立於礼。 | 【二節】立於禮。 | lì yú lǐ |
| 3. 'It is from Music that the finish is received.' | 【三节】成於乐。 | 【三節】成於樂。 | chéng yú yuè |
| CHAP. IX. The Master said, 'The people may be made to follow a path of action, but they may not be made to understand it.' | 【第九章】子曰、民可使由之、不可使知之。 | 【第九章】子曰、民可使由之、不可使知之。 | zǐ yuē mín kě shǐ yóu zhī bù kě shǐ zhī zhī |
| CHAP. X. The Master said, 'The man who is fond of daring and is dissatisfied with poverty, will proceed to insubordination. So will the man who is not virtuous, when you carry your dislike of him to an extreme.' | 【第十章】子曰、好勇疾贫、乱也、人而不仁、疾之已甚、乱也。 | 【第十章】子曰、好勇疾貧、亂也、人而不仁、疾之已甚、亂也。 | zǐ yuē hào yǒng jí pín luàn yě rén ér bùrén jí zhī yǐ shèn luàn yě |
| CHAP. XI. The Master said, 'Though a man have abilities as admirable as those of the Duke of Chau, yet if he be proud and niggardly, those other things are really not worth being looked at.' | 子曰、如有周公之才之美、使骄且吝、其馀不足观也已。 | 子曰、如有周公之才之美、使驕且吝、其餘不足觀也已。 | zǐ yuē rú yǒu zhōu gōng zhī cái zhī měi shǐ jiāo qiě lìn qí yú bùzú guān yě yǐ |
| CHAP. XII. The Master said, 'It is not easy to find a man who has learned for three years without coming to be good.' | 【十二章】子曰、三年学、不至於谷、不易得也。 | 【十二章】子曰、三年學、不至於穀、不易得也。 | zǐ yuē sān nián xué bù zhì yú gǔ bù yì de yě |
| CHAP. XIII. 1. The Master said, 'With sincere faith he unites the love of learning; holding firm to death, he is perfecting the excellence of his course. | 【十三章】【一节】子曰、笃信好学、守死善道。 | 【十三章】【一節】子曰、篤信好學、守死善道。 | zǐ yuē dǔxìn hàoxué shǒu sǐ shàn dào |
| 2. 'Such an one will not enter a tottering State, nor dwell in a disorganized one. When right principles of government prevail in the kingdom, he will show himself; when they are prostrated, he will keep concealed. | 【二节】危邦不入、乱邦 不居、天下有道则见、无道则隐。 | 【二節】危邦不入、亂邦 不居、天下有道則見、無道則隱。 | wēi bāng bù rù luàn bāng bù jū tiānxià yǒu dào zé jiàn wú dào zé yǐn |
| 3. 'When a country is well-governed, poverty and a mean condition are things to be ashamed of. When a country is ill- governed, riches and honour are things to be ashamed of.' | 【三节】邦有道、贫且贱焉、耻也、邦无 道、富且贵焉、耻也。 | 【三節】邦有道、貧且賤焉、恥也、邦無 道、富且貴焉、恥也。 | bāng yǒu dào pín qiě jiàn yān chǐ yě bāng wú dào fù qiě guì yān chǐ yě |
| CHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'He who is not in any particular office, has nothing to do with plans for the administration of its duties.' | 【十四章】子曰、不在其位、不谋其政。 | 【十四章】子曰、不在其位、不謀其政。 | zǐ yuē búzài qí wèi bù móu qí zhèng |
| CHAP. XV. The Master said, 'When the music master Chih first entered on his office, the finish of the Kwan Tsu was magnificent;-- how it filled the ears!' | 【十五章】子曰、师挚之始、关睢之乱、洋洋乎盈耳哉。 | 【十五章】子曰、師摯之始、關睢之亂、洋洋乎盈耳哉。 | zǐ yuē shī zhì zhī shǐ guān suī zhī luàn yángyáng hū yíng ěr zāi |
| CHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'Ardent and yet not upright; stupid and yet not attentive; simple and yet not sincere:-- such persons I do not understand.' | 【十六章】子曰、狂而不直、侗而不愿、悾悾而不信、吾不知之矣。 | 【十六章】子曰、狂而不直、侗而不愿、悾悾而不信、吾不知之矣。 | zǐ yuē kuáng ér bù zhí tóng ér bù yuàn ér bù xìn wú bùzhī zhī yǐ |
| CHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Learn as if you could not reach your object, and were always fearing also lest you should lose it.' | 【十七章】子曰、学如不及、犹恐失之。 | 【十七章】子曰、學如不及、猶恐失之。 | zǐ yuē xué rú bù jí yóu kǒng shī zhī |
| CHAP. XVIII. The Master said, 'How majestic was the manner in which Shun and Yu held possession of the empire, as if it were nothing to them!' | 【十八章】子曰、巍巍乎、舜禹之有天下也、而不与焉。 | 【十八章】子曰、巍巍乎、舜禹之有天下也、而不與焉。 | zǐ yuē wēiwēi hū shùn Yǔ zhī yǒu tiānxià yě ér bù yǔ yān |
| CHAP. XIX. 1. The Master said, 'Great indeed was Yao as a sovereign! How majestic was he! It is only Heaven that is grand, and only Yao corresponded to it. How vast was his virtue! The people could find no name for it. | 【十九章】【一节】子曰、大哉、尧之为君也、巍巍乎、唯天为大、唯尧则 之、荡荡乎、民无能名焉。。 | 【十九章】【一節】子曰、大哉、堯之為君也、巍巍乎、唯天為大、唯堯則 之、蕩蕩乎、民無能名焉。。 | zǐ yuē dà zāi Yáo zhī wéi jūn yě wēiwēi hū wéi tiān wéi dà wéi Yáo zé zhī dàng dàng hū mín wúnéng míng yān |
| 2. 'How majestic was he in the works which he accomplished! How glorious in the elegant regulations which he instituted!' | 【二节】巍巍乎、其有成功也、焕乎、其有文章 | 【二節】巍巍乎、其有成功也、煥乎、其有文章 | wēiwēi hū qí yǒu chénggōng yě huàn hū qí yǒu wénzhāng |
| CHAP. XX. 1. Shun had five ministers, and the empire was well-governed. | 【二十章】【一节】舜有臣五人、而天下治。 | 【二十章】【一節】舜有臣五人、而天下治。 | shùn yǒu chén wǔ rén ér tiānxià zhì |
| 2. King Wu said, 'I have ten able ministers.' | 【二节】武王曰、予有乱臣十人。 | 【二節】武王曰、予有亂臣十人。 | wǔ wáng yuē yú yǒu luàn chén shí rén |
| 3. Confucius said, 'Is not the saying that talents are difficult to find, true? Only when the dynasties of T'ang and Yu met, were they more abundant than in this of Chau, yet there was a woman among them. The able ministers were no more than nine men. | 【三节】孔子曰、才难、不其然乎、唐虞之际、於斯为盛、有妇人焉、九人而已 | 【三節】孔子曰、才難、不其然乎、唐虞之際、於斯為盛、有婦人焉、九人而已 | kǒngzǐ yuē cái nán bù qí rán hū táng yú zhī jì yú sī wéi chéng yǒu fù rén yān jiǔ rén éryǐ |
| 4. 'King Wan possessed two of the three parts of the empire, and with those he served the dynasty of Yin. The virtue of the house of Chau may be said to have reached the highest point indeed.' | 【四节】三分天下有其二、以服事殷、周之德、其可谓 至德也已矣。 | 【四節】三分天下有其二、以服事殷、周之德、其可謂 至德也已矣。 | sān fēn tiānxià yǒu qí èr yǐ fù shì yīn zhōu zhī dé qí kěwèi zhì dé yě yǐ yǐ |
| CHAP. XXI. The Master said, 'I can find no flaw in the character of Yu. He used himself coarse food and drink, but displayed the utmost filial piety towards the spirits. His ordinary garments were poor, but he displayed the utmost elegance in his sacrificial cap and apron. He lived in a low mean house, but expended all his strength on the ditches and water-channels. I can find nothing like a flaw in Yu.' | 【廿一章】子曰、禹吾无间然矣、菲饮食、而致孝乎鬼神、恶衣服、而致美 乎黻冕、卑宫室、而尽力乎沟恤、禹吾无间然矣。 | 【廿一章】子曰、禹吾無間然矣、菲飲食、而致孝乎鬼神、惡衣服、而致美 乎黻冕、卑宮室、而盡力乎溝恤、禹吾無間然矣。 | zǐ yuē Yǔ wú wú jiàn rán yǐ fēi yǐnshí ér zhì xiào hū guǐshén è yīfu ér zhì měi hū fú miǎn bēi gōng shì ér jìnlì hū gōu xù Yǔ wú wú jiàn rán yǐ |