Lun Yu/Book 3
< Lun Yu
| Analects of Confucius (Translated by James Legge) |
Simplified Chinese | Traditional Chinese | Chinese Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| BOOK III. PA YIH. | 八佾第三 | 八佾第三 | bā yì dì sān |
| CHAP. I. Confucius said of the head of the Chi family, who had eight rows of pantomimes in his area, 'If he can bear to do this, what may he not bear to do?' | 【第一章】孔子谓季氏、八佾舞於庭、是可忍也、孰不可忍也。 | 【第一章】孔子謂季氏、八佾舞於庭、是可忍也、孰不可忍也。 | kǒngzǐ wèi jì shì bā yì wǔ yú tíng shì kě rěn yě shú bù kě rěn yě |
| CHAP. II. The three families used the YUNG ode, while the vessels were being removed, at the conclusion of the sacrifice. The Master said, '"Assisting are the princes;-- the son of heaven looks profound and grave:"-- what application can these words have in the hall of the three families?' | 【第二章】三家者、以雍彻。子曰、相维辟公、天子穆穆、奚取於三家之堂。 | 【第二章】三家者、以雍徹。子曰、相維辟公、天子穆穆、奚取於三家之堂。 | sān jiā zhě yǐ yōng chè zǐ yuē xiāng wéi bì gōng tiānzǐ mù mù xī qǔ yú sān jiā zhī táng |
| CHAP. III. The Master said, 'If a man be without the virtues proper to humanity, what has he to do with the rites of propriety? If a man be without the virtues proper to humanity, what has he to do with music?' | 【第三章】子曰、人而不仁、如礼何、人而不仁、如乐何。 | 【第三章】子曰、人而不仁、如禮何、人而不仁、如樂何。 | zǐ yuē rén ér bùrén rú lǐ hé rén ér bùrén rú yuè hé |
| CHAP. IV. 1. Lin Fang asked what was the first thing to be attended to in ceremonies. | 【第四章】【一节】林放问礼之本。 | 【第四章】【一節】林放問禮之本。 | lín fàng wèn lǐ zhī běn |
| 2. The Master said, 'A great question indeed! | 【二节】子曰、大哉问。 | 【二節】子曰、大哉問。 | zǐ yuē dà zāi wèn |
| 3. 'In festive ceremonies, it is better to be sparing than extravagant. In the ceremonies of mourning, it is better that there be deep sorrow than a minute attention to observances.' | 【三节】礼、 与其奢也、宁俭、丧、与其易也、宁戚。 | 【三節】禮、 與其奢也、寧儉、喪、與其易也、寧戚。 | lǐ yǔqí shē yě níng jiǎn sāng yǔqí yì yě níng qī |
| CHAP. V. The Master said, 'The rude tribes of the east and north have their princes, and are not like the States of our great land which are without them.' | 【第五章】子曰、夷狄之有君、不如诸夏之亡也。 | 【第五章】子曰、夷狄之有君、不如諸夏之亡也。 | zǐ yuē yí Dí zhī yǒu jūn bùrú zhū xià zhī wáng yě |
| CHAP. VI. The chief of the Chi family was about to sacrifice to the T'ai mountain. The Master said to Zan Yu, 'Can you not save him from this?' He answered, 'I cannot.' Confucius said, 'Alas! will you say that the T'ai mountain is not so discerning as Lin Fang?' | 【第六章】季氏旅於泰山。子谓冉有曰、女弗能救与。对曰、不能。子曰、 呜呼、曾谓泰山、不如林放乎。 | 【第六章】季氏旅於泰山。子謂冉有曰、女弗能救與。對曰、不能。子曰、 嗚呼、曾謂泰山、不如林放乎。 | jì shì lǚ yú tàishān zǐ wèi rǎn yǒu yuē nǚ fú néng jiù yǔ duì yuē bùnéng zǐ yuē wūhū zēng wèi tàishān bùrú lín fàng hū |
| CHAP. VII. The Master said, 'The student of virtue has no contentions. If it be said he cannot avoid them, shall this be in archery? But he bows complaisantly to his competitors; thus he ascends the hall, descends, and exacts the forfeit of drinking. In his contention, he is still the Chun-tsze.' | 【第七章】子曰、君子无所争、必也射乎、揖让而升、下而饮、其争也君子。 | 【第七章】子曰、君子無所爭、必也射乎、揖讓而升、下而飲、其爭也君子。 | zǐ yuē jūnzǐ wú suǒ zhēng bì yě shè hū yī ràng ér shēng xià ér yǐn qí zhēng yě jūnzǐ |
| CHAP. VIII. 1. Tsze-hsia asked, saying, 'What is the meaning of the passage-- "The pretty dimples of her artful smile! The well-defined black and white of her eye! The plain ground for the colours?"' | 【第八章】子夏问曰、巧笑倩兮、美目盼兮、素以为绚兮。何为也。 | 【第八章】子夏問曰、巧笑倩兮、美目盼兮、素以為絢兮。何為也。 | zǐ xià wèn yuē qiǎo xiào qiàn xī měi mù pàn xī sù yǐwéi xuàn xī hé wéi yě |
| 2. The Master said, 'The business of laying on the colours follows (the preparation of) the plain ground.' | 【二节】 子曰、绘事後素。 | 【二節】 子曰、繪事後素。 | zǐ yuē huì shì hòu sù |
| 3. 'Ceremonies then are a subsequent thing?' The Master said, 'It is Shang who can bring out my meaning. Now I can begin to talk about the odes with him.' | 【三节】曰、礼後乎。子曰、起予者商也、始可与言诗已 矣。 | 【三節】曰、禮後乎。子曰、起予者商也、始可與言詩已 矣。 | yuē lǐ hòu hū zǐ yuē qǐ yú zhě shāng yě shǐ kě yǔ yán shī yǐ yǐ |
| CHAP. IX. The Master said, 'I could describe the ceremonies of the Hsia dynasty, but Chi cannot sufficiently attest my words. I could describe the ceremonies of the Yin dynasty, but Sung cannot sufficiently attest my words. (They cannot do so) because of the insufficiency of their records and wise men. If those were sufficient, I could adduce them in support of my words.' | 【第九章】子曰、夏礼吾能言之、杞不足徵也、殷礼吾能言之、宋不足徵也、 文献不足故也、足、则吾能徵之矣。 | 【第九章】子曰、夏禮吾能言之、杞不足徵也、殷禮吾能言之、宋不足徵也、 文獻不足故也、足、則吾能徵之矣。 | zǐ yuē xià lǐ wú néng yán zhī qǐ bùzú zhēng yě yīn lǐ wú néng yán zhī sòng bùzú zhēng yě wénxiàn bùzú gù yě zú zé wú néng zhēng zhī yǐ |
| CHAP. X. The Master said, 'At the great sacrifice, after the pouring out of the libation, I have no wish to look on.' | 【第十章】子曰、禘、自既灌而往者、吾不欲观之矣。 | 【第十章】子曰、禘、自既灌而往者、吾不欲觀之矣。 | zǐ yuē zì jì guàn ér wǎng zhě wú bù yù guān zhī yǐ |
| CHAP. XI. Some one asked the meaning of the great sacrifice. The Master said, 'I do not know. He who knew its meaning would find it as easy to govern the kingdom as to look on this;-- pointing to his palm. | 【十一章】或问禘之说。子曰、不知也、知其说者、之於天下也、其如示诸斯乎。指其掌。 | 【十一章】或問禘之說。子曰、不知也、知其說者、之於天下也、其如示諸斯乎。指其掌。 | huò wèn zhī shuō zǐ yuē bùzhī yě zhī qí shuō zhě zhī yú tiānxià yě qí rú shì zhū sī hū zhǐ qí zhǎng |
| CHAP. XII. 1. He sacrificed to the dead, as if they were present. He sacrificed to the spirits, as if the spirits were present. | 【十二章】【一节】祭如在、祭神如神在。 | 【十二章】【一節】祭如在、祭神如神在。 | jì rú zài jì shén rú shén zài |
| 2. The Master said, 'I consider my not being present at the sacrifice, as if I did not sacrifice.' | 【二节】子曰、吾不与祭、如不 祭。 | 【二節】子曰、吾不與祭、如不 祭。 | zǐ yuē wú bù yǔ jì rú bù jì |
| CHAP. XIII. 1. Wang-sun Chia asked, saying, 'What is the meaning of the saying, "It is better to pay court to the furnace than to the south-west corner?"' | 【十三章】【一节】王孙贾问曰、与其媚於奥、宁媚於竈、何 谓也。 | 【十三章】【一節】王孫賈問曰、與其媚於奧、寧媚於竈、何 謂也。 | wáng sūn jiǎ wèn yuē yǔqí mèi yú ào níng mèi yú hé wèi yě |
| 2. The Master said, 'Not so. He who offends against Heaven has none to whom he can pray.' | 【二节】子曰、不然、获罪於天、无所祷也。 | 【二節】子曰、不然、獲罪於天、無所禱也。 | zǐ yuē bùrán huò zuì yú tiān wú suǒ dǎo yě |
| CHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'Chau had the advantage of viewing the two past dynasties. How complete and elegant are its regulations! I follow Chau.' | 【十四章】子曰、周监於二代、郁郁乎文哉、吾从周。 | 【十四章】子曰、周監於二代、郁郁乎文哉、吾從周。 | zǐ yuē zhōu jiān yú èr dài yùyù hū wén zāi wú cóng zhōu |
| CHAP. XV. The Master, when he entered the grand temple, asked about everything. Some one said, 'Who will say that the son of the man of Tsau knows the rules of propriety! He has entered the grand temple and asks about everything.' The Master heard the remark, and said, 'This is a rule of propriety.' | 【十五章】子入大庙、每事问。或曰、孰谓鄹人之子知礼乎、入大庙、每事 问。子闻之曰、是礼也。 | 【十五章】子入大廟、每事問。或曰、孰謂鄹人之子知禮乎、入大廟、每事 問。子聞之曰、是禮也。 | zǐ rù dà miào měi shì wèn huò yuē shú wèi rén zhī zǐ zhī lǐ hū rù dà miào měi shì wèn zǐ wén zhī yuē shì lǐ yě |
| CHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'In archery it is not going through the leather which is the principal thing;-- because people's strength is not equal. This was the old way.' | 【十六章】子曰、射不主皮、为力不同科、古之道也。 | 【十六章】子曰、射不主皮、為力不同科、古之道也。 | zǐ yuē shè bù zhǔ pí wéi lì bùtóng kē gǔ zhī dào yě |
| CHAP. XVII. 1. Tsze-kung wished to do away with the offering of a sheep connected with the inauguration of the first day of each month. | 【十七章】【一节】子贡欲去告朔之饩羊。 | 【十七章】【一節】子貢欲去告朔之餼羊。 | zǐ gòng yù qù gào shuò zhī xì yáng |
| 2. The Master said, 'Ts'ze, you love the sheep; I love the ceremony.' | 【二节】子曰、赐也、尔爱其羊、 我爱其礼。 | 【二節】子曰、賜也、爾愛其羊、 我愛其禮。 | zǐ yuē cì yě ěr ài qí yáng wǒ ài qí lǐ |
| CHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'The full observance of the rules of propriety in serving one's prince is accounted by people to be flattery.' | 【十八章】子曰、事君尽礼、人以为谄也。 | 【十八章】子曰、事君盡禮、人以為諂也。 | zǐ yuē shì jūn jìn lǐ rén yǐwéi chǎn yě |
| CHAP. XIX. The Duke Ting asked how a prince should employ his ministers, and how ministers should serve their prince. Confucius replied, 'A prince should employ his minister according to according to the rules of propriety; ministers should serve their prince with faithfulness.' | 【十九章】定公问君使臣、臣事君、如之何。孔子对曰、君使臣以 礼、臣事君以忠。 | 【十九章】定公問君使臣、臣事君、如之何。孔子對曰、君使臣以 禮、臣事君以忠。 | dìng gōng wèn jūn shǐ chén chén shì jūn rú zhī hé kǒngzǐ duì yuē jūn shǐ chén yǐ lǐ chén shì jūn yǐ zhōng |
| CHAP. XX. The Master said, 'The Kwan Tsu is expressive of enjoyment without being licentious, and of grief without being hurtfully excessive.' | 【二十章】子曰、关睢乐而不淫、哀而不伤。 | 【二十章】子曰、關睢樂而不淫、哀而不傷。 | zǐ yuē guān suī lè ér bù yín āi ér bù shāng |
| CHAP. XXI. 1. The Duke Ai asked Tsai Wo about the altars of the spirits of the land. Tsai Wo replied, 'The Hsia sovereign planted the pine tree about them; the men of the Yin planted the cypress; and the men of the Chau planted the chestnut tree, meaning thereby to cause the people to be in awe.' | 【廿一章】【一节】哀公问社於宰我。宰我对曰、夏后氏以松、殷人以柏、 周人以栗、曰、使民战栗。 | 【廿一章】【一節】哀公問社於宰我。宰我對曰、夏后氏以松、殷人以柏、 周人以栗、曰、使民戰栗。 | āi gōng wèn shè yú zǎi wǒ zǎi wǒ duì yuē xià hòu shì yǐ sōng yīn rén yǐ bǎi zhōu rén yǐ lì yuē shǐ mín zhànlì |
| 2. When the Master heard it, he said, 'Things that are done, it is needless to speak about; things that have had their course, it is needless to remonstrate about; things that are past, it is needless to blame.' | 【二节】子闻之曰、成事不说、遂事不谏、既往 不咎。 | 【二節】子聞之曰、成事不說、遂事不諫、既往 不咎。 | zǐ wén zhī yuē chéng shì bù shuō suì shì bù jiàn jì wǎng bù jiù |
| CHAP. XXII. 1. The Master said, 'Small indeed was the capacity of Kwan Chung!' | 【廿二章】【一节】子曰、管仲之器小哉。 | 【廿二章】【一節】子曰、管仲之器小哉。 | zǐ yuē guǎn zhòng zhī qì xiǎo zāi |
| 2. Some one said, 'Was Kwan Chung parsimonious?' | 【二节】或曰、管仲俭乎。 | 【二節】或曰、管仲儉乎。 | huò yuē guǎn zhòng jiǎn hū |
| 3. 'Kwan,' was the reply, 'had the San Kwei, and his officers performed no double duties; how can he be considered parsimonious?' | 【三 节】曰、管氏有三归、 官事不摄、焉得俭。 | 【三 節】曰、管氏有三歸、 官事不攝、焉得儉。 | yuē guǎn shì yǒu sān guī guān shì bù shè yān de jiǎn |
| 4. 'Then, did Kwan Chung know the rules of propriety?' | 【四节】然则管仲知礼乎。 | 【四節】然則管仲知禮乎。 | rán zé guǎn zhòng zhī lǐ hū |
| 5. The Master said, 'The princes of States have a screen intercepting the view at their gates. Kwan had likewise a screen at his gate. The princes of States on any friendly meeting between two of them, had a stand on which to place their inverted cups. Kwan had also such a stand. If Kwan knew the rules of propriety, who does not know them?' | 【五节】曰、邦君树塞门、 管氏亦树塞门、邦君为两君之好、有反坫、管氏亦有反坫、管氏而知礼、孰 不知礼。 | 【五節】曰、邦君樹塞門、 管氏亦樹塞門、邦君為兩君之好、有反坫、管氏亦有反坫、管氏而知禮、孰 不知禮。 | yuē bāng jūn shù sāi mén guǎn shì yì shù sāi mén bāng jūn wéi liǎng jūn zhī hào yǒu fǎn diàn guǎn shì yì yǒu fǎn diàn guǎn shì ér zhī lǐ shú bùzhī lǐ |
| CHAP. XXIII. The Master instructing the grand music- master of Lu said, 'How to play music may be known. At the commencement of the piece, all the parts should sound together. As it proceeds, they should be in harmony while severally distinct and flowing without break, and thus on to the conclusion.' | 【廿三章】子语鲁大师乐曰、乐其可知也、始作、翕如也、从之、纯如也、 缴如也、绎如也、以成。 | 【廿三章】子語魯大師樂曰、樂其可知也、始作、翕如也、從之、純如也、 繳如也、繹如也、以成。 | zǐ yǔ lǔ dàshī yuè yuē yuè qí kě zhī yě shǐ zuò xī rú yě cóng zhī chún rú yě jiǎo rú yě yì rú yě yǐ chéng |
| CHAP. XXIV. The border warden at Yi requested to be introduced to the Master, saying, 'When men of superior virtue have come to this, I have never been denied the privilege of seeing them.' The followers of the sage introduced him, and when he came out from the interview, he said, 'My friends, why are you distressed by your master's loss of office? The kingdom has long been without the principles of truth and right; Heaven is going to use your master as a bell with its wooden tongue.' | 【廿四章】仪封人请见、曰、君子之至於斯也、吾未尝不得见也。从者见之、 出曰、二三子、何患於丧乎、天下之无道也久矣、天将以夫子为木铎。 | 【廿四章】儀封人請見、曰、君子之至於斯也、吾未嘗不得見也。從者見之、 出曰、二三子、何患於喪乎、天下之無道也久矣、天將以夫子為木鐸。 | yí fēng rén qǐng jiàn yuē jūnzǐ zhī zhì yú sī yě wú wèicháng bù de jiàn yě cóng zhě jiàn zhī chū yuē èr sān zǐ hé huàn yú sāng hū tiānxià zhī wú dào yě jiǔ yǐ tiān jiāng yǐ fūzǐ wéi mù duó |
| CHAP. XXV. The Master said of the Shao that it was perfectly beautiful and also perfectly good. He said of the Wu that it was perfectly beautiful but not perfectly good. | 【廿五章】子谓韶、尽美矣、又尽善也、谓武、尽美矣、未尽善也。 | 【廿五章】子謂韶、盡美矣、又盡善也、謂武、盡美矣、未盡善也。 | zǐ wèi sháo jìn měi yǐ yòu jìn shàn yě wèi wǔ jìn měi yǐ wèi jìn shàn yě
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| CHAP. XXVI. The Master said, 'High station filled without indulgent generosity; ceremonies performed without reverence; mourning conducted without sorrow;-- wherewith should I contemplate such ways?' | 【廿六章】子曰、居上不宽、为礼不敬、临丧不哀、吾何以观之哉。 | 【廿六章】子曰、居上不寬、為禮不敬、臨喪不哀、吾何以觀之哉。 | zǐ yuē jū shàng bù kuān wéi lǐ bù jìng lín sāng bù āi wú hé yǐ guān zhī zāi |