Lun Yu/Book 2
< Lun Yu
| Analects of Confucius (Translated by James Legge) |
Simplified Chinese | Traditional Chinese | Chinese Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| BOOK II. WEI CHANG. | 为政第二 | 為政第二 | wéi zhèng dì èr |
| CHAP. I. The Master said, 'He who exercises government by means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it.' | 【第一章】子曰、为政以德、譬如北辰、居其所、而众星共之。 | 【第一章】子曰、為政以德、譬如北辰、居其所、而眾星共之。 | zǐ yuē wéi zhèng yǐ dé pìrú běi chén jū qí suǒ ér zhòng xīng gòng zhī |
| CHAP. II. The Master said, 'In the Book of Poetry are three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be embraced in one sentence-- "Having no depraved thoughts."' | 【第二章】子曰、诗三百、一言以蔽之、曰、思无邪。 | 【第二章】子曰、詩三百、一言以蔽之、曰、思無邪。 | zǐ yuē shī sān bǎi yī yán yǐ bì zhī yuē sī wúxié |
| CHAP. III. 1. The Master said, 'If the people be led by laws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishments, they will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of shame. | 【第三章】【一节】子曰、道之以政、齐之以刑、民免而无耻。 | 【第三章】【一節】子曰、道之以政、齊之以刑、民免而無恥。 | zǐ yuē dào zhī yǐ zhèng qí zhī yǐ xíng mín miǎn ér wúchǐ |
| 2. 'If they be led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be given them by the rules of propriety, they will have the sense of shame, and moreover will become good.' | 【二节】道 之以德、齐之以礼、有耻且格。 | 【二節】道 之以德、齊之以禮、有恥且格。 | dào zhī yǐ dé qí zhī yǐ lǐ yǒu chǐ qiě gé |
| CHAP. IV. 1. The Master said, 'At fifteen, I had my mind bent on learning. | 【第四章】【一节】子曰、吾十有五而志于学。 | 【第四章】【一節】子曰、吾十有五而志于學。 | zǐ yuē wú shí yǒu wǔ ér zhì yú xué |
| 2. 'At thirty, I stood firm. | 【二节】三十而立。 | 【二節】三十而立。 | sānshí érlì |
| 3. 'At forty, I had no doubts. | 【三节】 四十而不惑。 | 【三節】 四十而不惑。 | sìshí ér bù huò |
| 4. 'At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven. | 【四节】五十而知天命。 | 【四節】五十而知天命。 | wǔshí ér zhī tiān mìng |
| 5. 'At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the reception of truth. | 【五节】六十而耳顺。 | 【五節】六十而耳順。 | liùshí ér ěr shùn |
| 6. 'At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired, without transgressing what was right.' | 【六节】七十而从心所欲、不逾矩。 | 【六節】七十而從心所欲、不踰矩。 | qīshí ér cóng xīn suǒ yù bù yú jǔ
yōu |
| CHAP. V. 1. Mang I asked what filial piety was. The Master said, 'It is not being disobedient.' | 【第五章】【一节】孟懿子问孝、子曰、无违。 | 【第五章】【一節】孟懿子問孝、子曰、無違。 | mèng yì zǐ wèn xiào zǐ yuē wú wéi |
| 2. Soon after, as Fan Ch'ih was driving him, the Master told him, saying, 'Mang-sun asked me what filial piety was, and I answered him,-- "not being disobedient."' | 【二节】樊迟御、子告之曰、 孟孙问孝於我、我对曰、无违。 | 【二節】樊遲御、子告之曰、 孟孫問孝於我、我對曰、無違。 | fán chí yù zǐ gào zhī yuē mèng sūn wèn xiào yú wǒ wǒ duì yuē wú wéi |
| 3. Fan Ch'ih said, 'What did you mean?' The Master replied, 'That parents, when alive, be served according to propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to propriety.' | 【三节】樊迟曰、何谓也、子曰、生事之以 礼、死葬之以礼、祭之以礼。 | 【三節】樊遲曰、何謂也、子曰、生事之以 禮、死葬之以禮、祭之以禮。 | fán chí yuē héwèi yě zǐ yuē shēngshì zhī yǐ lǐ sǐ zàng zhī yǐ lǐ jì zhī yǐ lǐ |
| CHAP. VI. Mang Wu asked what filial piety was. The Master said, 'Parents are anxious lest their children should be sick.' | 【第六章】孟武伯问孝、子曰、父母唯其疾之忧。 | 【第六章】孟武伯問孝、子曰、父母唯其疾之憂。 | mèng wǔ bó wèn xiào zǐ yuē fùmǔ wéi qí jí zhī |
| CHAP. VII. Tsze-yu asked what filial piety was. The Master said, 'The filial piety of now-a-days means the support of one's parents. But dogs and horses likewise are able to do something in the way of support;-- without reverence, what is there to distinguish the one support given from the other?' | 【第七章】子游问孝、子曰、今之孝者、是谓能养、至於犬马、皆能有养、 不敬、何以别乎。 | 【第七章】子游問孝、子曰、今之孝者、是謂能養、至於犬馬、皆能有養、 不敬、何以別乎。 | zǐ yóu wèn xiào zǐ yuē jīn zhī xiào zhě shì wèi néng yǎng zhì yú quǎn mǎ jiē néng yǒu yǎng bù jìng hé yǐ biè hū |
| CHAP. VIII. Tsze-hsia asked what filial piety was. The Master said, 'The difficulty is with the countenance. If, when their elders have any troublesome affairs, the young take the toil of them, and if, when the young have wine and food, they set them before their elders, is THIS to be considered filial piety?' | 【第八章】子夏问孝、子曰、色难、有事、弟子服其劳、有酒食、先生馔、 曾是以为孝乎。 | 【第八章】子夏問孝、子曰、色難、有事、弟子服其勞、有酒食、先生饌、 曾是以為孝乎。 | zǐ xià wèn xiào zǐ yuē sè nán yǒu shì dìzǐ fù qí láo yǒu jiǔ shí xiānshēng zhuàn zēng shì yǐwéi xiào hū |
| CHAP. IX. The Master said, 'I have talked with Hui for a whole day, and he has not made any objection to anything I said;-- as if he were stupid. He has retired, and I have examined his conduct when away from me, and found him able to illustrate my teachings. Hui!-- He is not stupid.' | 【第九章】子曰、吾与回言终日、不违、如愚。退儿省其私、亦足以发、回 也不愚。 | 【第九章】子曰、吾與回言終日、不違、如愚。退兒省其私、亦足以發、回 也不愚。 | zǐ yuē wú yǔ huí yán zhōng rì bù wéi rú yú tuì ér shěng qí sī yì zúyǐ fā huí yě bù yú |
| CHAP. X. 1. The Master said, 'See what a man does. | 【第十章】【一节】子曰、视其所以。 | 【第十章】【一節】子曰、視其所以。 | zǐ yuē shì qí suǒyǐ |
| 2. 'Mark his motives. | 【二节】观其所由。 | 【二節】觀其所由。 | guān qí suǒ yóu |
| 3. 'Examine in what things he rests. | 【三节】察其所 安。 | 【三節】察其所 安。 | chá qí suǒ ān |
| 4. 'How can a man conceal his character? | 【四节】人焉廋哉、人焉廋哉。 | 【四節】人焉廋哉、人焉廋哉。 | rén yān zāi rén yān zāi |
| CHAP. XI. The Master said, 'If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may be a teacher of others.' | 【十一章】子曰、温故而知新、可以为师矣。 | 【十一章】子曰、溫故而知新、可以為師矣。 | zǐ yuē wēn gù ér zhī xīn kěyǐ wéi shī yǐ |
| CHAP. XII. The Master said, 'The accomplished scholar is not a utensil.' | 【十二章】子曰、君子不器。 | 【十二章】子曰、君子不器。 | zǐ yuē jūnzǐ bù qì |
| CHAP. XIII. Tsze-kung asked what constituted the superior man. The Master said, 'He acts before he speaks, and afterwards speaks according to his actions.' | 【十三章】子贡问君子、子曰、先行其言、而後从之。 | 【十三章】子貢問君子、子曰、先行其言、而後從之。 | zǐ gòng wèn jūnzǐ zǐ yuē xiānxíng qí yán ér hòu cóng zhī |
| CHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'The superior man is catholic and no partisan. The mean man is partisan and not catholic.' | 【十四章】子曰、君子周而不比、小人比而不周。 | 【十四章】子曰、君子周而不比、小人比而不周。 | zǐ yuē jūnzǐ zhōu ér bù bǐ xiǎo rén bǐ ér bù zhōu |
| CHAP. XV. The Master said, 'Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.' | 【十五章】子曰、学而不思则罔、思而不学则殆。 | 【十五章】子曰、學而不思則罔、思而不學則殆。 | zǐ yuē xué ér bù sī zé wǎng sī ér bù xué zé dài |
| CHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'The study of strange doctrines is injurious indeed!' | 【十六章】子曰、攻乎异端、斯害也己。 | 【十六章】子曰、攻乎異端、斯害也己。 | zǐ yuē gōng hū yìduān sī hài yě jǐ |
| CHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Yu, shall I teach you what knowledge is? When you know a thing, to hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it;-- this is knowledge.' | 【十七章】子曰、由、诲女知之乎、知之为知之、不知为不知、是知也。 | 【十七章】子曰、由、誨女知之乎、知之為知之、不知為不知、是知也。 | zǐ yuē yóu huì nǚ zhī zhī hū zhī zhī wéi zhī zhī bùzhī wéi bùzhī shì zhī yě |
| CHAP. XVIII. 1. Tsze-chang was learning with a view to official emolument. | 【十八章】【一节】子张学干禄。 | 【十八章】【一節】子張學干祿。 | zǐ zhāng xué gān lù |
| 2. The Master said, 'Hear much and put aside the points of which you stand in doubt, while you speak cautiously at the same time of the others:-- then you will afford few occasions for blame. See much and put aside the things which seem perilous, while you are cautious at the same time in carrying the others into practice:-- then you will have few occasions for repentance. When one gives few occasions for blame in his words, and few occasions for repentance in his conduct, he is in the way to get emolument.' | 【二节】子曰、多闻阙疑、慎言其馀、则 寡尤、多见阙殆、慎行其馀、则寡悔、言寡尤、行寡悔、禄在其中矣。 | 【二節】子曰、多聞闕疑、慎言其餘、則 寡尤、多見闕殆、慎行其餘、則寡悔、言寡尤、行寡悔、祿在其中矣。 | zǐ yuē duō wén què yí shèn yán qí yú zé guǎ yóu duō jiàn què dài shèn xíng qí yú zé guǎ huǐ yán guǎ yóu xíng guǎ huǐ lù zài qízhōng yǐ |
| CHAP. XIX. The Duke Ai asked, saying, 'What should be done in order to secure the submission of the people?' Confucius replied, 'Advance the upright and set aside the crooked, then the people will submit. Advance the crooked and set aside the upright, then the people will not submit.' | 【十九章】哀公闻曰、何为则民服。孔子对曰、举直错诸枉、则民服、举枉 错诸直、则民不服。 | 【十九章】哀公聞曰、何為則民服。孔子對曰、舉直錯諸枉、則民服、舉枉 錯諸直、則民不服。 | āi gōng wén yuē hé wéi zé mín fù kǒngzǐ duì yuē jǔ zhí cuò zhū wǎng zé mín fù jǔ wǎng cuò zhū zhí zé mín bù fù |
| CHAP. XX. Chi K'ang asked how to cause the people to reverence their ruler, to be faithful to him, and to go on to nerve themselves to virtue. The Master said, 'Let him preside over them with gravity;-- then they will reverence him. Let him be filial and kind to all;-- then they will be faithful to him. Let him advance the good and teach the incompetent;-- then they will eagerly seek to be virtuous.' | 【二十章】季康子问使民敬忠以勤、如之何。子曰、临之以庄、则敬、孝慈、 则忠、举善而教不能、则勤。 | 【二十章】季康子問使民敬忠以勤、如之何。子曰、臨之以莊、則敬、孝慈、 則忠、舉善而教不能、則勤。 | jì kāng zǐ wèn shǐ mín jìng zhōng yǐ qín rú zhī hé zǐ yuē lín zhī yǐ zhuāng zé jìng xiào cí zé zhōng jǔ shàn ér jiāo bùnéng zé qín |
| CHAP. XXI. 1. Some one addressed Confucius, saying, 'Sir, why are you not engaged in the government?' | 【廿一章】【一节】或谓孔子曰、子奚不为政。 | 【廿一章】【一節】或謂孔子曰、子奚不為政。 | huò wèi kǒngzǐ yuē zǐ xī bù wéi zhèng |
| 2. The Master said, 'What does the Shu-ching say of filial piety?-- "You are filial, you discharge your brotherly duties. These qualities are displayed in government." This then also constitutes the exercise of government. Why must there be THAT-- making one be in the government?' | 【二节】子曰、书云孝乎、惟孝友于兄弟、施於有政、是亦为政、 奚其为为政。 | 【二節】子曰、書云孝乎、惟孝友于兄弟、施於有政、是亦為政、 奚其為為政。 | zǐ yuē shū yún xiào hū wéi xiào yǒu yú xiōngdì shī yú yǒu zhèng shì yì wéi zhèng xī qí wéi wéi zhèng |
| CHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'I do not know how a man without truthfulness is to get on. How can a large carriage be made to go without the cross-bar for yoking the oxen to, or a small carriage without the arrangement for yoking the horses?' | 【廿二章】子曰、人而无信、不知其可也、大车无輗、小车无軏、其何以行之哉。 | 【廿二章】子曰、人而無信、不知其可也、大車無輗、小車無軏、其何以行之哉。 | zǐ yuē rén ér wú xìn bùzhī qí kě yě dà chē wú xiǎochē wú qí hé yǐ xíng zhī zāi |
| CHAP. XXIII. 1. Tsze-chang asked whether the affairs of ten ages after could be known. | 【廿三章】【一节】子张问十世、可知也。 也。 | 【廿三章】【一節】子張問十世、可知也。 也。 | zǐ zhāng wèn shí shì kě zhī yě yě |
| 2. Confucius said, 'The Yin dynasty followed the regulations of the Hsia: wherein it took from or added to them may be known. The Chau dynasty has followed the regulations of Yin: wherein it took from or added to them may be known. Some other may follow the Chau, but though it should be at the distance of a hundred ages, its affairs may be known.' | 【二节】子曰、殷因於夏礼所损益、可知也、周因於殷礼、所损益、可知也、其或继周者、虽百世、可 知也。 | 【二節】子曰、殷因於夏禮所損益、可知也、周因於殷禮、所損益、可知也、其或繼周者、雖百世、可 知也。 | zǐ yuē yīn yīn yú xià lǐ suǒ sǔnyì kě zhī yě zhōu yīn yú yīn lǐ suǒ sǔnyì kě zhī yě qí huò jì zhōu zhě suī bǎi shì kě zhī yě |
| CHAP. XXIV. 1. The Master said, 'For a man to sacrifice to a spirit which does not belong to him is flattery.' | 【廿四章】【一节】子曰、非其鬼而祭之、谄也。 | 【廿四章】【一節】子曰、非其鬼而祭之、諂也。 | zǐ yuē fēi qí guǐ ér jì zhī chǎn yě |
| 2. 'To see what is right and not to do it is want of courage.' | 【二节】见义不为、无勇 | 【二節】見義不為、無勇 | jiàn yì bù wéi wú yǒng |