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LPI Linux Certification/Install And Configure X11

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Detailed Objectives

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(LPIC-1 Version 5.0)


Weight: 2

Description:
Candidates should be able to install and configure X11.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understanding of the X11 architecture.
  • Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file.
  • Overwrite specific aspects of Xorg configuration, such as keyboard layout.
  • Understand the components of desktop environments, such as display managers and window managers.
  • Manage access to the X server and display applications on remote X servers.
  • Awareness of Wayland.


The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  • /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
  • ~/.xsession-errors
  • xhost
  • xauth
  • DISPLAY
  • X

Configuration

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1. XFree86

type "XFree86 -configure", it will scan your hardware and auto. generate a configuration file matching to your hardware. However, FOR PS/2 MOUSE, you might need to modify this config file manually from ""Device" "/dev/mouse"" to ""Device" "/dev/psaux""

2. Xorg

"Xorg -configure"

Starting and stopping X

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To start X you can use:
startx - terminal command used at level 3;
edit /etc/inittab to run default at level 5;
xinit - when there is no .xinitrc file;
init 5 - to change manually runlevel to 5 (and run display manager);
xdm - (X Display Manager) - graphical login manager, which run automatically at boot process when starting Linux at level 5 (there are also external graphical login managers ex. kdm, gdm).

To stop X you can use: <CTRL>+<ALT>+<BACKSPACE>;
init 3 - at lower level than 5 Linux will stop X-Windows;
kill the XFree process.

Configuring X To configure X on a system use XF86Setup. The program will generate a configuration file that will be used by the XFree86 server. To tune the screen under X use Xfine2.

Under X, the user can configure every conceivable aspect of graphic display. Screen font size, styles Pointer behaviour Screen colors Window manager

The tuning can be done on a system-wide or per-user. .xinitrc contains the default window manager and style information to be used by the startx command. This file is usually located under /home/username when defined on a per-user basis. .Xdefaults used to setup pointer behaviour, colors, fonts, etc...

Exercises

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