Koine Greek/10
10. The Definite Article is employed in combination with nouns, and is declined in gender, number, and case, to correspond with them.
The Following forms, which should be carefully committed to memory, afford a general type of the inflections of nouns, adjective, and pronouns, and will therefore be useful in their acquisition.
11. The Definite Article, the. It has first and second declension endings. Note that the nominative masculine and feminine forms of the definite article start with a vowel and not τ, and also note that there are no accents on the vowel. By contrast, the relative pronoun who (ὅς, ἥ, ὅ) has accents on the vowels, but is otherwise spelled the same.
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut | Masc. | Fem. | Neut | |
| Nominative | ὁ | ἡ | τό | οἱ | αἱ | τὰ |
| Genative | τοῦ | τῆς | τοϋ | τῶν | ||
| Dative | τῷ | τῇ | τῷ | τοῖς | ταῖς | τοῖς |
| Accusative | τόν | τήν | τό | τούς | τάς | τά |
12. Indefinite Pronoun: any, a certain, a
| Singular | Plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masc/Fem | Neut | Masc/Fem | Neut | |
| Nominative | τις | τι | τινές | τινά |
| Genative | τινός | τινῶν | ||
| Dative | τινί | τισί(ν) | ||
| Accusative | τινά | τι | τινάς | τινά |
13. In the two forms now given there are three particular patterns applicable to all nouns, adjectives and pronouns.
1) Neuters are alike in the nominative and accusative of number. Neuters plural, nominative and accusative all end in α. 2) The dative singular always ends in i; although to the vowel the iota is subscript (please note, this needs to be added) 3) The genitive plural always ends in ων.