Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular modernized/Provisions, Fish, Vegetable and Fruit

Lesson XVII. provisions, fish, vegetables and fruit.

Provisions.

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
ziah8, bhi2niên5	tsiâh, bí-niênn	食　米糧	Food,
min7bao1	mīnn-pau	麫包	Bread,
gu5nin6iu5	gû-nĭnn-iû	牛乳油	Butter,
tng1	thng	湯	Soup, Gravy,
goi1	koi	雞	Fowl,
ah4	ah	鴨	Duck,
go5	gô	鵝	Goose,
huê2goi1	húe-koi	火雞	Turkey,
hung5ziou2	hún-tsióu	粉鳥	Pigeon,
ghu5bhah4, ghu5nêg8	gû-bah, gû-nêk	牛肉	Beef,
iên5bhah4, iên5nêg8	iênn-bah, iênn-nêk	羊肉	Mutton,
de1bhah4, de1nêg8	tur-bah, tur-nêk	猪肉	Pork,
huê2tui2	húe-thúi	火腿	Ham,
ho3lang1ze5	hô-lan-tsûr	荷蘭薯	Potatoes,
huang1guah4, huang1zê5	huan-kuah, huan-tsûr	畨葛　畨薯	„ sweet,
guê2	kúe	粿	Cakes,
goi1nng6guê2	koi-nn̆g-kúe	雞卵粿	Sponge cake,
bêh8hung2guê2	bêh-hún-kúe	麥粉粿	Blanc-mange,
ziêh8huê1	tsiêh-hue	石灰	Seaweed jelly,
nng6	nn̆g	卵	Eggs,
bhi2	bí	米	Rice, (raw)
bng7	pñg	飯	„ (boiled)
muên5	mûenn	粥	Congee,
am2	ám	黯	Rice water,
giam5sng1	kiâm-sng	鹹酸	Relish,
ga1li5	ka-lî	膠離	Curry,
ga1li5bhuah8	ka-lî-buáh	膠離末	„ stuff,
gai3luah8	kài-luáh	芥辣	Mustard,
si7iu5	sī-iû	豉油	Sauce,
cou3	tshòu	醋	Vinegar,
hou5ziê1	hôu-tsie	糊椒	Pepper,
sng1cai3	sng-tshài	酸菜	Pickles,
diam5go1	tiâm-ko	甜糕	Jam,
tng5	thn̂g	糖	Sugar,
bian1tng5	piann-thn̂g	𫥇糖	Sugar-candy,
dê5bhi2	tê-bí	茶米	Tea, (leaves)
go1bi5	ko-pî	羔丕	Coffee,
pu5to1guan1	phû-thô-kuann	葡萄干	Raisins,
bêh8	bêh	麥	Barley,
iun3bhi2	iùnn-bí	苡米	Indian corn,
ngou2hung2	ngóu-hún	藕粉	Arrow-root,
min7	mīnn	麫	Flour,
sia5gho7hung2	siâ-gō-hún	斜莪粉	Sago,
sia5gho7in1	siâ-gō-înn	斜莪員	„ in pills,
min7suan3	mīnn-sùann	麫線	Vermicelli,
iam5	iâm	鹽	Salt,

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
nang2 man3ki3 ain3 cug4mng5, ziah8 u6 gao3 a1bho5?	nán mànn-khí àinn tshut-mǹg, tsiáh ŭ-kàu a bô?	咱明天要出門。食有到或無	To-morrow, we are going out, have we got enough provisions?
diêh8 u6gao3.	tiêh ŭ-kàu	着預足	You must prepare enough.
main3 m7gao3, liou2 do6 lou7 ziu6 bho5ziah8.	màinn-m̄-kàu, lióu tŏ lōu tsiŭ bô-tsiâh	勿不足。了在路就無食	For if there is not enough, then we shall get no food on the way.
dan1 nang2 u6 di5gai5?	tann nán ŭ tî-kâi?	今咱有何個	Now, what have we got?
min7bao1 u6 san1gai5, ghu5nin6iu5 u6 zêg8ab8.	mīnn-pau ŭ sann-kâi, gû-nĭnn iû ŭ tsêk-âp	麫包有三個。牛乳油有壹盒	We have three loaves of bread, and one tin of butter.
nan7si6 m7gao3 zêg8lou7 ho2 bhoi2.	nānn-sĩ m̄-kàu tsêk-lōu hó-bói	若是不足壹路好買	If we haven't got enough, we can buy on the way.
giê3 huê2tao5 lai5.	kiè húe-thâu lâi	呌伙頭來	Call the cook here.
man3mên5hng1 ua2 ain3 cian2nang5.	mànn-mênn-hng uá àinn-tshiánn-nâng	明夜昏我要請人	To-morrow night I wish to invite a few persons.
u6 ain3 cian2 riêh8-zoi7 nang5?	ŭ àinn-tshiánn ziêh-tsōi nâng?	有要請几多人	How many people do you wish to invite?
iag4bho2liang7 boih4 nang5.	iak-bó-liăng poih-nâng	大約畧捌人	Probably eight persons.
bhoi2 zêg8ziah4 goi1 zo3 tng1.	bói tsêk-tsiah koi tsò-thng	買壹隻雞做湯	Buy a fowl and make soup.
zêg8-ziah8 ah4 bêg4, zêg8-ziah4 gho5 pu5.	tsêk-tsiah ah pek, tsek-tsiah gô phû	壹隻鴨𤇢。壹隻鵝浮	Roast one duck and fry one goose.
guah4 si3-geng1 ghu5bhah4, san1-geng1 iên5bhah4, non6-geng1 de1la5.	kuah sì-kurn gû-bah, sann kurn iênn-bah, nŏnn-kurn tur-lâ	割四斤牛肉。三斤羊肉。弍斤猪朥	Buy (lit. cut) four catties of beef, three catties of mutton, two catties of lard.
huê2tui2 ke3 gao1cai3guang2 kiêh8.	húe-thúi khùr kau-tshài-kuán khiêh	火腿去高菜館携	For ham, go to the compradore and get it.
kiêh8 zêg8tui2.	khiêh tsêk-thúi	携壹腿	Get one ham.
ho2lang1ze5 huang5liou2 u6 a1bho5?	hô-lan-tsûr huân-lióu ŭ a-bô?	荷蘭薯還了有或無	Have you any more potatoes?
u6 gê1 lang5lo2.	ŭ ke lân-ló	有加零些	I have a few more.
la6 a1 m7la6?	lă a m̄-lă?	足或不足	Have you enough?
ua2 siên6 la7-a1.	uá siĕnn lă--a	我想足也	I think there are enough.
ho2-non7, nan7si6 la6 ziu6 ming2êng7 bhoi2.	hó--nōnn, nānn-sĭ lă tsiŭ mín-ēng bói	好也。若是足就免用買	All right, if you have enough you needn't buy any.
goi1nng6 bhoi2 san1zab8 liab8.	koi-nn̆g bói sann-tsâp liâp	雞卵買三十粒	Buy thirty fowl's eggs.
zab8lag8 liab8 luah4 buan3cên1sêg8.	tsâp-lâk liwp luah pùann-tshenn sêk	十陸粒烙半生熟	Half-fry sixteen of them.
cung5 zab8si3 liab8 zo3guê2.	tshûn tsâp-sì liâp tsò-kúe	存十四粒做粿	The remaining fourteen make them into cakes.
diêh8 suang2 cin1-gai5.	tiêh suán tshinn--kâi	着選鮮個	You must choose fresh ones.
ziu6si6 ziên3sên1.	tsiŭ-sĭ tsiènn-senn	就是如此	That's all.
bng7 main3 bu5 kah4min5.	pn̄g màinn-pû khah-mînn	飯勿烳過糜	Don't boil the rice to soft.
ga1li5 main3 ze2 kah4hiam1.	ka-lî màinn-tsúr khah-hiam	膠離勿煮過辣	Don't make the curry too hot.
ziah8bng7 bho5 giam5sng1 ziah8 m7loh8.	tsiáh-pn̄g bô kiâm-sng tsiâh m̄-lóh	食飯無鹹酸食不落	To take rice without relish it cannot be eaten.
i1 cian2nang5 pang5pai3 zai6.	i tshiánn-nâng phâng-phài tsăi	伊請人滿席在	He invited people to lots of dishes.
i1gai5 giam5sng1 zoi7iên7 zai7, ziah8 m7 liou2.	i kâi kiâm-sng tsōi-iēnn tsāi, tsiâh m̄-lióu	伊個鹹酸多樣在。食不盡	His relishes were of many kinds, we could'nt eat them all.
nang5nang5 ziah8gao3 ba2.	nâng-nâng tsiâh-kàu-pá	人人食到飽	Every body ate until they had enough.
i1gai5 huê2tao5 oi6zai6.	i kâi húe-thâu ŏi-tsăi	伊個伙頭會在	His cook is very clever.
iên7iên7 i1 ze2lai5 ho2zai6.	iēnn-iēnn i tsúr-lâi hó-tsăi	每樣伊煮來好在	Every thing he made was very nice indeed.
tao5cai2 ziu6 ziah8 goi1gian2tng1, gah4 min7bao1 buê7-gai5.	thâu-tshái tsiŭ tsiâh koi-kiánn-thng, kah mīnn-pau pūe--kâi	起初就食雞子湯。與麪包焙個	First of all, we had chicken soup and toasted bread.
liou2 iên5bhah4 luah4, gah4 ho5lang1ze5.	lióu iênn-bah luah, kah hô-lan-tsûr	後羊肉烙。與荷蘭薯	Then mutton-chop and potatoes.
liou2 huê2goi1 pu5, ung3 gai3luah8, liou2 huang5liou2 zoi7zoi7 iên7.	lióu húe-koi phû, ùn kài-luâh, lióu huân-lióu tsōi-tsōi iēnn	後火雞浮。煴芥辣又還了多多樣	Then turkey fried in oil, and eaten with mustard, and many other kinds.

Fish.

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
he5	hûr	魚	Fish,
bhê2ga1	bé-ka	馬鮫	Mackeral,
ciên1he5	chhienn-hûr	鯧魚	Flounder,
ngou2he5	ngóu-hûr	𩵱魚	Mullet,
ang5zo5	âng-tsô	紅鰽	Red-fish,
ou1he5	ou-hûr	烏魚	Blackfish,
ci5kag4	chhî-khak	莿売	Shad,
bhag8tao2	bâk-táu	木斗	Cuttle-fish,
sua1he5	sua-hûr	沙魚	Shark,
gang1he5	kang-hûr	江魚	Chinese whitebait,
he5gian2	hûr-kiánn	魚子	Little fish,
muan5	mûann	鰻	Eel,
hoi6	hõi	蟹	Crab,
hê5	hê	蝦	Shrimps,
lêng5hê5	lêng-hê	龍蝦	Lobster,
lo5	lô	螺	Shell-fish,
hang1gu1	hang-ku	魴𬺞	Turtle,
o5	ô	蠔	Oysters,
ham1	ham	蚶	Cockles,
he5guan1, he5bou2	hûr-kuann, hûr-póu	魚干　魚脯	Dried salt fish,
giam5he5	kiâm-hûr	鹹魚	Salt fish,
hê5bhi2	hê-bí	蝦米	Dried prawns,
riu5he5	ziû-hûr	魷魚	Dried cuttle-fish,
he5zi2, he5cung1	hûr-chí, hûr-tshun	魚只　魚蛋	Fish-roe,
he5goi5	hûr-kôi	魚鮭	Preserved fish,
bhuê2	búe	尾	Classifier of fish,

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
ci6 mêng5ki2 bho5he5.	tshĭ mêng-khí bô-hûr	巿今早無魚	There are no fish this morning in the market.
u6 zêg8bhuê2 ua2 cug4 zêg8bêh4 zin5, bhoi7he5-gai5-nang5 huang5liou2 m6haon3 bhoi7 ua2.	ŭ tsêk-búe uá tshut tsêk-peh-tsî, bōi-hûr--kâi-nâng huân-lióu m̆-hàunn bōi uá	有壹尾我出壹百錢賣魚個人還了不好賣我	There is one, which I offered a hundred cash for yet the fisherman wouldn't sell it to me.
zêg8bhuê2 ang5zo5 ain3 non6bêh4 zin5.	tsêk-búe âng-tsô àinn nŏnn-peh-tsînn	壹尾紅鰽要弍百錢	Two hundred cash for a red-fish.
ciên1he5 siang6(7)giam3 zêg8(4)-bhuê2 ain3 bêh4(8)ngou6(7)zin5	tshienn-hûr siăng-kiám tsêk-búe àinn peh-ngŏu-tsînn	鯧魚上減壹尾要百伍錢	At least one hundred and fifty cash for a flounder.
bhê2ga1 nan7si6 zêg8bhuê2 bho5 san1bêh4zin5, ming2êng7 cug4.	bé-ka nănn-sĭ tsêk-búe bô sann-peh-tsînn, mín-ēng tshut	馬鮫若是壹尾無三百錢免用出	As for mackeral you needn't offer for it, unless you are prepared to give three hundred cash for it.
ua2 bhoi2 lang5lo2 bhag8dao2, gah4 coh4 hê5.	uá bói lân-ló bák-táu, kah tshoh-hê	我買零些木斗共零些蝦	I bought some cuttle-fish, and some shrimps.
zêg8diou5 muan5, gua1ziah4 hoi6.	tsêk tiôu mûann, kua-tsiah hŏi	壹条鰻。數隻蟹	One eel, several crabs.
zab8liab8 o5, ri7zab8 liab8 ham1.	tsâp-liâp ô, zī-tsâp liâp ham	拾粘粒蠔。弍拾粒蚶	Ten oysters, twenty cockles.
he5guan1 lag8niên3, gah4 giam5he5 buan3geng1.	hûr-kuann lâk-niénn, kah kiâm-hûr pùann-kurn	魚干陸両。共鹹魚半斤	Dried salt fish six taels, and salt fish half a catty.
hê5bhi2 zêg8dan3 riêh8zoi7?	hê-bí tsêk-tànn ziêh-tsōi?	蝦米壹擔若干	How much for a picul of dried prawns?
zêg8 dan3 gan2si6 ngou6kou1.	tsêk-tànn kánn-sĭ ngŏu-khou ă	壹擔敢是伍員亞	I think five dollars a picul.
ngou6kou1 oi6 gui3 a1bhoi6?	ngŏu-khou ŏi-kùi a-bŏi?	伍員會貴或袂	Is it dear at five dollars (a picul)?
ain3 dan3 gui3 li1 bhoi6gui3, ain3 dan3 pin1 li1 bhoi6 pin1.	àinn-tànn-kùi li bŏi-kùi, àinn-tànn-phinn li bŏi-phinn	要呾貴。卽袂貴。要呾平。卽袂平	To say “it is dear,” it isn't dear, but to say “it is cheap,” it isn't cheap.
bhoi2 cam5cui3 ziu6 gui3.	bói tshàm-tshùi tsiŭ kùi.	買零些就貴	To buy by retail it will be dear.

Vegetables.

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
cai3	tshài	菜	Vegetables,
cai3tao5	tshài-thâu	菜頭	Turnip,
bêh8cai3	pêh-tshài	白菜	Cabbage,
dua7cai3	tūa-tshài	大菜	„ a large kind,
go1lê6cai3	ko-lĕ-tshài	高麗菜	„ foreign,
giam5cai3	kiâm-tshài	鹹菜	„ salted,
giê5	kiê	簥	Brinjal, egg plant,
diou3guê1	tiòu-kue	吊瓜	Cucumber,
huang1guê1	huan-kue	畨瓜	Pumpkin, red,
bu5	pû	匏	Pumpkin, white,
dang1guê1	tang-kue	冬瓜	Melon, (vegetable)
dêg4sung2	tek-sún	竹笋	Bamboo shoots,
ho5lang1dao7	hô-lan-tāu	荷蘭荳	Peas,
cai3dao7	tshài-tāu	菜荳	Long beans,
kou2guê1	khóu-kue	苦瓜	Name of bitter vegetable,
gag4guê1	kak-kue	角瓜	Name of vegetable,
dua7ze5	tūa-tsûr	大薯	Yam,
ou7	ōu	芋	Taro,
bo5ho3	pô-hô	薄荷	Mint,
keng5cai3	khûrn-tshài	芹菜	Celery,
uang5sui1	uân-sui	莞荽	Coriander,
pang1cai3, cên1cai3	phang-tshài, tshenn-tshài 香菜	生菜	Salad,
giên1	kie	nn 薑	Ginger,
hiam1ziê1, gim1gan1nang2	hiam-tsie, kim-kann-nánn	辣椒　金橄欖	Chillies,
cang1	tshang	葱	Onion, fresh,
cang1tao5	tshang-thâu	葱頭	„ root, dried,
sng3	sǹg	蒜	Garlic, fresh,
sng3tao5	sǹg-thâu	蒜頭	„ root, dried,
dêng1hiên1	teng-hienn	丁香	Cloves
nêg8gui3	nêk-kùi	肉桂	Cinnamon,
hiên1gou1	hienn-kou	香菰	Mushroom,
bag8re2	bâk-zúr	木耳	Boletus,

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
cai3tao5 ze2 he5 diam5.	tshài-thâu tsúr-hûr tiâm	菜頭煮魚甜	Turnip boiled with fish is good.
sai1gog4nang5 haon3ziah8 go1lê6cai3.	sai-kok-nâng hàunn-tsiâh ko-lĕ-tshài	西國人好食高麗菜	Europeans are fond of eating foreign cabbage.
kiou1gian2nang5 ziah8 muên5 puê3 giam5cai3.	khiou-kiánn-nâng tsiâh mûenn phùe kiâm-tshài	貪窮人食粥配鹹菜	Poor people take congee with salted vegetable.
giê5 ho2ze2 ga1li5.	kiê hó-tsúr ka-lî	簥好煮膠離	Brinjal can be curried.
dang1guê1 ziah8liang5.	tang-kue tsiâh-liâng	冬瓜食凉	Vegetable melon is taken for cooling purposes.
u6 gai5 dêg4sung2 kou2.	ŭ-kâi tek-sún khóu	有個竹笋苦	Some bamboo shoots are bitter.
ho5lang1tao5, bêh4diou3 puê5, kiêh8 i1 gai5 ring5	hô-lan-tāu, peh-tiòu phûe, khiêh i kâi zîn	荷蘭荳拍丢皮携伊個仁	Break the pods of the peas and take the seed.
kou2guê1 ia7si6 ziah8liang5.	khóu-kue iā-sĭ tsiâh-liâng	苦瓜亦是食凉	The bitter vegetable is also taken as a cooling eatables.
cai3dao7 dng5nang5 ca2.	tshài-tāu Tn̂g-nâng tshá	菜荳唐人炒	The Chinese fry long beans.
ou7 hib4.	ōu hip	芋翕	Steam the taro.
i1 ain3hib4 huang1guah4.	i àinn-hip huan-kuah	伊要翕畨葛	He wants to steam potatoes
goi1tng1 loh8 diam2gian2 keng5cai3 ziu6 pang1.	koi-thng lóh tiám-kíann khûrn-tshài tsiŭ phang	雞湯落些須芹菜就香	A little celery put in the soup will make it nice.
hiam1ziê1 si6 huang1boin5 lai5-gai5.	hiam-tsie sĭ huan-pôinn lâi--kâi	辣椒是畨邊來個	Chillies come from foreign countries.
hiam1guê3 hou5ziê1.	hiam-kùe hôu-tsie	辣過楜椒	They are hotter than pepper
sng3 ziah8liou2 cui3 cao3.	sǹg tsiâh-lióu tshùi tshàu	蒜食後口臭	After eating garlic the mouth will be foul.
giên1bho2 ho2 zo3 iêh8.	kienn-bó hó-tsò-iêh	薑毋好作藥	Dry ginger can be used as medicine.

Fruit.

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
guê2zi2	kúe-tsí	菓子	Fruit,
ziê1gan1	tsie-kann	招柑	Mandarin orange,
soh4gan1	soh-kann	雪柑	Common orange,
gig4	kit	桔	Lime of the orange kind, or small orange,
sng1gan1	sng-kann	酸柑	Lime, sour,
gêng1ziê1	keng-tsie	芎蕉	Banana,
iu7	iū	柚	Pumelo,
uang5lai5, huang1lai5	uâng-lâi, huan-lâi	旺梨　畨梨	Pineapple,
to5	thô	桃	Peach,
lai5	lâi	梨	Pear,
suan1dang1lai5	suann-tang-lâi	山東梨	„ Shantung,
suain7	suāinn	榱	Mango,
san7	sãi	杮	Persimmon,
bag8gian2	pât-kiánn	拔子	Guava,
si1guê1	si-kue	西瓜	Water-melon,
mang7ga1	māng-ka	綱膠	Jack-fruit,
lim1kim5	lîm-khîm	林擒	Custard apple,
siêh8liu5	siêh-liû	柘榴	Pomegranate,
liu5liang5	liû-liân	榴蓮	Durian,
lao6hao3	lău-hàu	栳㭳	Nutmeg,
iên5bhuê5	iênn-bûe	楊梅	Arbutus,
li2	lí	李	Plums,
nain6	năinn	柰	Plums,
iên5do3	iênn-tô	楊桃	Carambola, or Chinese gooseberry,
bi5bê5	pî-pê	枇杷	Loquat,
pu5to5	phû-thô	萄葡	Grapes,
bho5huê1guê2	bô-hue-kúe	無花菓	Fig,
mang7hêg4	māng-hek	綱黑	Mangoostine,
zin5cang1	tsînn-tshang	荸薺	Name of a kind of fruit,
gan1nan2	kann-nánn	橄欖	Olives,
nêg8oin2	nêk-óinn	龍眼	Dragon's eye,
noin5guê2	nôinn-kúe	茘枝	Lichees,
noin5gag4	nóinn-kak	菱角	Lily-fruits,
gao6lag8	kău-lák	粟	Chestnuts,
di7dao7	tī-tāu	花生	Ground-nuts,
lah8zia3	láh-tsià	蠟蔗	Sugarcane, large kind
dêg4zia3	tek-tsià	竹蔗	Sugarcane, small kind like bamboo,
bhuê5	bûe	梅	Small yellow plums,
zo2	tsó	棗	Dates,
sai7bian2	sāi-piánn	杮餅	Dried persimmon,
guê1cêh4	kue-tsheh	瓜碧	Melon cut into small pieces and dried with sugar,
nêg8oin2guan1	nêk-óinn-kuann	龍眼干	Dried dragon's eye,
noin5zi2	nôinn-tsí	蓮子	Lotus nuts,

Pêng'im	TL	Characters	English
guê2zi2 gai5 si5 ain3 gao3.	kué-tsí kâi sî àinn-kàu	菓子個時要到	The fruit season is near at hand.
uang5lai5 si6 ho2zai6.	uâng-lâi sĭ hó-tsăi	旺梨是好在	Pineapple is very nice.
gêng1ziê1 sêg8 ziu6 diam5, cên1 ziu6 siab4.	keng-tsie sêk tsiŭ tiâm, tshenn tsiŭ siap.	芎蕉熟就甜。生就澁	Bananas when ripe are sweet, but when unripe are sour.
iu7 zêg8liab8 ain3 zêg8bêh4zin5.	iū tsêk-liâp àinn tsêk-peh-tsînn.	柚壹粒要壹百錢	A hundred cash is wanted for a pumelo.
suan1dang1lai5 huang5liou2 bhuê7gao3.	suann-tang-lâi huân-lióu būe-kàu.	山東梨還了未到	Shantung pears have not yet arrived.
le2 kah4bag4 ziah8 liu5liang5 mê7?	lúr khah-pat tsiâh liû-liân mē?	爾豈識食榴蓮否	Have you ever eaten durians?
si6 pang1 zai6 a1.	sĭ phang tsăi a.	是香在也	It is very fragrant indeed.
pu5to5 ho2 zo3 ziu2.	phû-thô hó-tsò-tsiú	葡萄好作酒	Grapes can be made into wine.
le2 siang6ziah8 guê2zi2 mê7?	lúr siăng-tsiâh kúe-tsí mē?	爾上食菓子否	Are you fond of eating fruit?