GCSE Science/Parallel and series circuits answers

Answers to practice questions on series circuits edit

Q1)Let R₁ = 2Ω, R₂= 3Ω, and V=5V what is the voltage across R₁ and R₂ ?
The total resistance =5Ω
So the current is = 1A
Apply Ohm's law to each resistor in turn gives:

V₁ = 2V

V₂ = 3V

Q2)Let R₁ = 3Ω, R₂= 3Ω, and V=6V what is the voltage across R₁ and R₂ ?
The total resistance is 6V
The current is therefore 1A

V₁ = 3V

V₂ = 3V

Q3)Let R₁ = 2Ω, V=5V and I= 1A what is the value of resistor R₂ ?
The total resistance = V/I

=5/1

= 5Ω

So R₂ = 3Ω

Answers to Questions on Parallel Circuits edit

Q4)You disconnect one of the bulbs, does the other stay lit?

Yes it does.

Q5)You reconnect the disconnected bulb, does the other dim or brighten?

Ideally it should not make any difference. The brightness of the lit bulb should remain the same. (In practice the bulb will probably dim a tiny bit because of the internal resistance of the battery, but that's more advanced than this course)

Q6)Would it be reasonable to say "each branch of the circuit behaves as if the other branch weren't there" ?

It certainly would.

Q7) Calculate the resistance of the above pair of resistors if they had been in series rather than parallel.

R₁ + R₂ = 1 + 1 = 2 Ω

Q8) A parallel circuit has two resistors, one is 2 Ω the other is 3Ω what is the total resistance of the circuit?

Let the Voltage be V.

From Ohm's Law

current I₁ = V/2 A

current I₂ = V/3 A

So the total Current I = V/2+V/3

= V(1/2 +1/3)

= V (5/6)

Now we Apply Ohm's Law to the circuit again only this time using the total current so that we know what the total resistance is-

R = V/I

= V/{V(5/6)}

= 1/(5/6) We cancel the V's

= 6/5 To divide by a fraction, turn it upside down and multiply

Q9) Three resistors are in parallel (three separate branches) their resistances are 2Ω,2Ω and 3 Ω what is the resistance of the circuit?

Rather than going through the whole procedure for Q8 again we note that -

1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃

= 1/2 + 1/2 + 1/3

= 4/3

So R = 3/4 Ω