Experimental Petrology and Metallurgy/Print version
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Concepts/Calibration
Pre-experimental Calibration edit
In-situ measurements edit
Temperature edit
Pressure edit
Deviatoric stress edit
Apparatus/Multi Anvil Presses
Introduction edit
History edit
Assembly Types edit
Much of the material below comes from Kawazoe, Takaaki. "Multianvil Apparatus".
First stage anvils edit
Kawai-type edit
In the Kawai-type multianvil apparatus (multianvil 6-8 system; Kawai and Endo, 1970), sample pressure is generated by successive compression: (1) Hydraulic ram(s) drive six first-stage anvils (via guide blocks). (2) The six first-stage anivls compress eight second-stage anvils. (3) The second-stage anvils compress an octahedral cell assembly.
Split-cylinder type edit
Walker-type edit
(Walker et al., 1990)
Split-sphere type edit
6-ram edit
Oil reservoir edit
(Kawai and Endo, 1970)
(D)-DIA-type edit
(Ohtani et al., 1989)
(D)T-Cup-type edit
Cubic-type edit
Second stage anvils edit
Gaskets edit
Cell assembly edit
Pressure media edit
Heaters edit
Capsules edit
Thermocouples edit
Common Designs edit
25/18 edit
18/11 edit
14/8 edit
10/5 edit
7/3 edit
Cell Preparation edit
Starting materials
Preparing starting mixes edit
Synthetic compounds edit
| Component (mostly oxides) | Added as | Motivation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Na2O | Na2CO3 | Oxide hygroscopic | -- |
| CaO | CaCO3 | Oxide hygroscopic | -- |
| K2O | K2CO3 | Oxide hygroscopic | -- |
| FeO | Fe2O3 | Oxide non-stoichiometric | -- |
| MgO | MgO / Mg2SiO4 | Oxide hygroscopic | -- |
| Al2O3 | Al2O3 | Fire at 1000 C before weighing | -- |
| Cr2O3 | Cr2O3 | Fire at 1000 C before weighing | -- |
| SiO2 | SiO2 | Fire at 1000 C before weighing | -- |
| P2O5 | Ca3(PO4)2 | Very hygroscopic | -- |
| CO2 | Carbonates (see above) | Heat gently before weighing. MgCO3 should be natural magnesite, as excess water is impossible to drive off the structure. | -- |
| H2O | Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3, PtO2.4H2O | Liquid water difficult to weigh | -- |
Decarbonation edit
- Put powders into a crucible
- Place in 1 atm furnace at room temperature
- Heat slowly (over at least two hours to avoid spitting during decarbonation) to around 200 K above decarbonation temperature.
Gas mixing edit
Pelletisation
Gas mixing with H2-CO or CO-CO2. Make sure there is >20 mol% of both gases to ensure good control of fO2.
Sol-gel edit
Starting form edit
Glasses edit
Crystalline powder edit