Experimental Petrology and Metallurgy/Print version

Experimental Petrology and Metallurgy

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Concepts/Calibration

Assembly Types

Much of the material below comes from Kawazoe, Takaaki. "Multianvil Apparatus".

First stage anvils

Kawai-type

In the Kawai-type multianvil apparatus (multianvil 6-8 system; Kawai and Endo, 1970), sample pressure is generated by successive compression: 　(1) Hydraulic ram(s) drive six first-stage anvils (via guide blocks). 　(2) The six first-stage anivls compress eight second-stage anvils. 　(3) The second-stage anvils compress an octahedral cell assembly.

Split-cylinder type

Walker-type

(Walker et al., 1990)

Oil reservoir

(Kawai and Endo, 1970)

(D)-DIA-type

(Ohtani et al., 1989)

Starting materials

Preparing starting mixes

Synthetic compounds

Caption text

Component (mostly oxides)	Added as	Motivation	Notes
Na2O	Na2CO3	Oxide hygroscopic	--
CaO	CaCO3	Oxide hygroscopic	--
K2O	K2CO3	Oxide hygroscopic	--
FeO	Fe2O3	Oxide non-stoichiometric	--
MgO	MgO / Mg2SiO4	Oxide hygroscopic	--
Al2O3	Al2O3	Fire at 1000 C before weighing	--
Cr2O3	Cr2O3	Fire at 1000 C before weighing	--
SiO2	SiO2	Fire at 1000 C before weighing	--
P2O5	Ca3(PO4)2	Very hygroscopic	--
CO2	Carbonates (see above)	Heat gently before weighing. MgCO3 should be natural magnesite, as excess water is impossible to drive off the structure.	--
H2O	Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3, PtO2.4H2O	Liquid water difficult to weigh	--

Decarbonation

1. Put powders into a crucible
2. Place in 1 atm furnace at room temperature
3. Heat slowly (over at least two hours to avoid spitting during decarbonation) to around 200 K above decarbonation temperature.

Gas mixing

Pelletisation

Gas mixing with H₂-CO or CO-CO₂. Make sure there is >20 mol% of both gases to ensure good control of fO₂.