C Programming/POSIX Reference
The C POSIX library is a language-independent library (using C calling conventions) that adds functions specific to POSIX systems. POSIX (and the Single Unix Specification) specifies a number of routines that should be available over and above those in the C standard library proper. It was developed at the same time as the ANSI C standard and is closely related to C. Some effort was made to make the C and POSIX libraries compatible, but there are a few POSIX functions that were never introduced into ANSI C.
Facilities are often implemented alongside the C standard library functionality, with varying degrees of closeness. For example, glibc implements functions such as fork within libc.so, but before NPTL was merged into glibc it constituted a separate library with its own linker flag. Often, this POSIX-specified functionality will be regarded as part of the library; the C library proper may be identified as the ANSI or ISO C library.
Header files
editaio.h | Asynchronous input and output. |
arpa/inet.h | Definitions for internet operations. |
cpio.h | Magic numbers for the cpio archive format. |
dirent.h | Allows the opening and listing of directories. |
fcntl.h | File opening, locking and other operations. |
fmtmsg.h | Message display structures. |
fnmatch.h | Filename-matching types. |
ftw.h | File tree traversal. |
glob.h | Pathname pattern-matching types. |
grp.h | User group information and control. |
iconv.h | Codeset conversion facility. |
langinfo.h | Language information constants. |
libgen.h | Definitions for pattern matching functions. |
monetary.h | Monetary types. |
mqueue.h | Message queues (REALTIME). |
ndbm.h | Definitions for ndbm database operations. |
net/if.h | Sockets local interfaces. |
netdb.h | Definitions for network database operations. |
netinet/in.h | Internet address family. |
netinet/tcp.h | Definitions for the Internet Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). |
nl_types.h | Data types. |
poll.h | Definitions for the poll() function. |
pthread.h | Defines an API for creating and manipulating POSIX threads. |
pwd.h | Passwd (user information) access and control. |
regex.h | Regular expression matching types. |
sched.h | Execution scheduling. |
search.h | Search tables. |
semaphore.h | Semaphores. |
spawn.h | Create a new process to run an executable program. |
strings.h | String operations. |
stropts.h | STREAMS interface (STREAMS). |
sys/ipc.h | Inter-process communication (IPC). |
sys/mman.h | POSIX memory management declarations. |
sys/msg.h | POSIX message queues. |
sys/resource.h | Definitions for XSI resource operations. |
sys/select.h | Select types. |
sys/sem.h | POSIX semaphores. |
sys/shm.h | XSI shared memory facility. |
sys/socket.h | Main sockets header. |
sys/stat.h | File information (stat et al.). |
sys/statvfs.h | VFS File System information structure. |
sys/time.h | Time and date functions and structures. |
sys/times.h | File access and modification times structure. |
sys/types.h | Various data types used elsewhere. |
sys/uio.h | Definitions for vector I/O operations. |
sys/un.h | Definitions for UNIX domain sockets. |
sys/utsname.h | uname and related structures. |
sys/wait.h | Status of terminated child processes. |
syslog.h | Definitions for system error logging. |
tar.h | Magic numbers for the tar archive format. |
termios.h | Allows terminal I/O interfaces. |
trace.h | Tracing. |
ulimit.h | ulimit commands. |
unistd.h | Various essential POSIX functions and constants. |
utime.h | File access and modification times. |
utmpx.h | User accounting database definitions. |
wordexp.h | Word-expansion types. |
Standard overlap headers
editHeaders that overlap/extend the C standard.
assert.h | Verify program assertion. |
complex.h | Complex arithmetic. |
ctype.h | Character types. |
fenv.h | Floating-point environment. |
float.h | Floating types. |
inttypes.h | Fixed size integer types. |
iso646.h | Alternative spellings. |
limits.h | Implementation-defined constants. |
locale.h | Category macros. |
math.h | Mathematical declarations. |
setjmp.h | Stack environment declarations. |
signal.h | Signals. |
stdarg.h | Handle variable argument list. |
stdbool.h | Boolean type and values. |
stddef.h | Standard type definitions. |
stdint.h | Integer types. |
stdio.h | Standard buffered input/output. |
stdlib.h | Standard library definitions. |
string.h | String operations. |
tgmath.h | Type-generic macros. |
time.h | Time types. |
wchar.h | Wide-character handling. |
wctype.h | Wide-character classification and mapping utilities. |
References
editBibliography
edit- Gallmeister, Bill (January 1, 1995), POSIX.4 Programmers Guide: Programming for the Real World (1st ed.), O'Reilly Media, p. 564, ISBN 1565920740