Brief History of Europe/sandbox

Reconquista: the Kingdom of Asturias, founded in either 718 or 722, was created after the Battle of Covadonga; this battle, where the Astures defeated the Muslims, and marked the beginning of the Reconquista, the reconquest of Iberia by Christians. Alfonso III of Asturias, King of León, Galicia and Asturias 866–910, would consolidate power and have numerous victories over Islamic and Christian opponents. Sancho III of Pamplona, King of Pamplona which was later called Navarre (1004–1035), would take over the kingdoms of Castile and Leon, as well as the French Duchy of Gascony. El Cid (Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar) took Valencia in 1094. By 1250 only the Emirate of Granada remained Islamic. Ferdinand and Isabella, King and Queen of Castile and Aragon, completed the Reconquista with a victorious war against the Emirate of Granada (1482–1492).

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Preface · Chapter 1 Classical antiquity and the rise of Islam · Part 1 Middle Ages · Chapter 2 Early Middle Ages · Chapter 3 High Middle Ages · Chapter 4 Late Middle Ages · Part 2 Modern period · Chapter 5 Early modern period part 1 · Chapter 6 Early modern period part 2 · Chapter 7 Late modern period until 1914 · Chapter 8 Europe since 1914 · Single page print version