Biostatistics with R/Some Basic Probability Concepts

Formular with R

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Formular Number Name Formular Formular with R
3.2.1 Classical probability   Example
3.2.2 Relative frequency probability   Example
3.3.1–3.3.3 Properties of probability  

   

Example
3.4.1 Multiplication rule   Example
3.4.2 Conditional probability   Example
3.4.3 Addition rule   Example
3.4.4 Independent events   Example
3.4.5 Complementary events   Example
3.4.6 Marginal probability   Example
Sensitivity of a screening test   Example
Specificity of a screening test   Example
3.5.1 Predictive value positive of a screening test   Example
3.5.2 Predictive value negative of a screening test   Example
Symbol Key
  •  = disease
  •  = Event
  •  = the number of times an event E_i occurs
  •  = sample size or the total number of times a process occurs
  •  =Population size or the total number of mutually exclusive and equally likely events
  •  = a complementary event; the probability of an event A, not occurring
  •  =probability of some event E_i occurring
  •  =an “intersection” or “and” statement; the probability of an event A and an event B occurring
  •  =an “union” or “or” statement; the probability of an event A or an event B or both occurring
  •  =a conditional statement; the probability of an event A occurring given that an event B has already occurred
  •  =test results
Example