Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Cyclops/311


Annotations

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patois     (French) a regional or substandard dialect. The word patois originally meant: incomprehensible speech, or rude language, which is the point the Citizen is making about English.

cabinet d'aisance     (French) water closet, toilet.[1]

Full many a flower is born to blush unseen is a quotation from Thomas Gray's "Elegy written in a Country Churchyard"

Conspuez les Anglais! Perfide Albion!     (French) Down with the English! Treacherous England.[2] Conspuez derives from the Latin conspuere (to spit on), though the primary meaning in French is to boo. The latter phrase, Perfidious Albion, is of obscure origin.[3] Variants of this phrase have been used a byword for English fickleness since the 13th century, while the familiar form was probably coined by Augustin, Marquis of Ximenez in 1793. See also 316.26-27.

References

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  1. Gifford (1988) 349.
  2. Gifford (1988) 349.
  3. Thornton (1968) 278-279.
Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses
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