File:Mandelbrot set with blended gradients sqrt step and slope.png

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Summary

Description
English: Mandelbrot set with blended gradients: potential ( sqrt step) and slope.[1] The image is inspired by great technique used by Adam Saka in KFMovieMaker[2] and his videos
Date
Source Own work
Author Adam majewski
Other versions

c src code

/*

  Adam Majewski
  adammaj1 aaattt o2 dot pl  // o like oxygen not 0 like zero 
  
  
  console program in c programing language 
===============================================================

use potential ( real number) as a measure of exterior





  
  ==============================================
  
  
  Progrm flow: 
  * fill dData ( potential, double)
  * compute rgb color based on the potential (from from dData)  and save the color to rgbData
  * save rgbData to ppm file
  
  ============== Image X ========================
  
  DrawImageOfX -> DrawPointOfX -> ComputeColorOfX 
  
  
  
  

   
  ==========================================

  
  ---------------------------------
  indent d.c 
  default is gnu style 
  -------------------



  c console progam 
  
	export  OMP_DISPLAY_ENV="TRUE"	
  	gcc d.c -lm -Wall -march=native -fopenmp
  	time ./a.out > b.txt


  gcc d.c -lm -Wall -march=native -fopenmp


  time ./a.out

  time ./a.out >a.txt
  
  
  ./g.sh

  ----------------------
  
 real	0m19,809s
user	2m26,763s
sys	0m0,161s


  

*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>		// malloc
#include <string.h>		// strcat
#include <math.h>		// M_PI; needs -lm also
#include <complex.h> 		// complex numbers : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6418807/how-to-work-with-complex-numbers-in-c
#include <omp.h>		// OpenMP



/* --------------------------------- global variables and consts ------------------------------------------------------------ */
#define VERSION 20210102

int NumberOfImages = 0;


/*
Representation Function
 http://www.mrob.com/pub/muency/representationfunction.html
*/


// Representation function
typedef enum  {
	Potential = 0,
	Angle = 1,
	Normal = 2
	
		
		} RepresentationFunctionType; 




// transfer function
typedef enum  {
	linear = 0,
	step_linear = 1,
	step_sqrt = 2
		
		} GradientType; 

typedef enum  {
	no = 0,
	average = 1	
		} BlendType; 



// virtual 2D array and integer ( screen) coordinate
// Indexes of array starts from 0 not 1 
//unsigned int ix, iy; // var
static unsigned int ixMin = 0;	// Indexes of array starts from 0 not 1
static unsigned int ixMax;	//
static unsigned int iWidth;	// horizontal dimension of array

static unsigned int iyMin = 0;	// Indexes of array starts from 0 not 1
static unsigned int iyMax;	//

static unsigned int iHeight = 10000;	//  




// unsigned int i; // var = index of 1D array
//static unsigned int iMin = 0; // Indexes of array starts from 0 not 1
static unsigned int iMax;	// = i2Dsize-1  = 
// The size of array has to be a positive constant integer 
// unsigned int i1Dsize ; // = i2Dsize  = (iMax -iMin + 1) =  ;  1D array with the same size as 2D array





// see SetCPlane
double radius = 2.5; 
complex double center = -0.75;
double  DisplayAspectRatio  = 1.0; // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)



// c plane = parameter plane
double CxMin ;	//-0.05;
double CxMax ;	//0.75;
double CyMin ;	//-0.1;
double CyMax ;	//0.7;






double PixelWidth;	// =(CxMax-CxMin)/ixMax;
double PixelHeight;	// =(CyMax-CyMin)/iyMax;
double ratio;





// complex numbers of parametr plane 



//  maximal number of iterations
static unsigned long int iterMax = 1000000;	//iHeight*100;
const int iterMax_pot = 400; // potential 

const int iterMax_normal = 2000; //  N in wiki 

/* bail-out value for the bailout test for escaping points
 radius of circle centered ad the origin, exterior of such circle is a target set  */
const double ER_normal = 1000; // big !!!!

double ER = 200.0;		// EscapeRadius for bailout test 
double EscapeRadius=1000000; // = ER big !!!!
 
double ER_POT = 100000.0;  // sqrt(1e24)

double loger; // = log(ER_LSM); // for texture
static double TwoPi=2.0*M_PI; // texture
double MaxFinalRadius;


// potential
double MaxImagePotential;
//
double BoundaryWidth = 3.0; // % of image width  
double distanceMax; //distanceMax = BoundaryWidth*PixelWidth;



/* colors = shades of gray from 0 to 255 */


unsigned char iColorOfExterior = 250;
unsigned char iColorOfInterior = 200;
unsigned char iColorOfInterior1 = 210;
unsigned char iColorOfInterior2 = 180;
unsigned char iColorOfBoundary = 0;
unsigned char iColorOfUnknown = 30;

// ----------memmory 1D arrays ==================

// The size of array has to be a positive constant integer 
static unsigned int iSize;	// = iWidth*iHeight; 

// array of doubles for better percision
double *dData;


// rgb array = 24bit color = 3 bytes
int iColorSize = 3 ; // RGB = 3*(unsigned char)
unsigned int iSize_rgb; // number of elements in rgb array
unsigned char *rgbData; // for ppm file
//  virtual 2D array of pixels 
// image = file on the disk


 




/* ------------------------------------------ functions -------------------------------------------------------------*/

/**
 * Find maximum between two numbers.
 https://codeforwin.org/2016/02/c-program-to-find-maximum-and-minimum-using-functions.html
 */
double max(double n1, double n2)
{
    return (n1 > n2 ) ? n1 : n2;
}



//---------------------

double min(double n1, double n2)
{
    return (n1 < n2 ) ? n1 : n2;
}


double clip(double d){

	return (d> 1.0) ? 1.0 : d;
}



double frac(double d){

	double fraction = d - ((long)d);
	return fraction;
}




//------------------complex numbers -----------------------------------------------------




double c_arg(complex double z)
{
 double arg;
 arg = carg(z);
 if (arg<0.0) arg+= TwoPi ; 
 return arg; 
}

double c_turn(complex double z)
{
 double arg;
 arg = c_arg(z);
 return arg/TwoPi; 
}


double turn( double x, double y){
	double t = atan2(y,x);
	if ( t<0) t+= TwoPi ;
	return t/TwoPi ;

}



// from screen to world coordinate ; linear mapping
// uses global cons
double GiveCx ( int ix)
{
  return (CxMin + ix * PixelWidth);
}

// uses globaal cons
double GiveCy (int iy) {
  return (CyMax - iy * PixelHeight);
}				// reverse y axis


complex double GiveC( int ix, int iy){
  double Cx = GiveCx(ix);
  double Cy = GiveCy(iy);
	
  return Cx + Cy*I;
	
	


}




int SetCPlane(complex double center, double radius, double a_ratio){

  CxMin = creal(center) - radius*a_ratio;	
  CxMax = creal(center) + radius*a_ratio;	//0.75;
  CyMin = cimag(center) - radius;	// inv
  CyMax = cimag(center) + radius;	//0.7;
  return 0;

}







// ****************** DYNAMICS = trap tests ( target sets) ****************************







/* -----------  array functions = drawing -------------- */

/* gives position of 2D point (ix,iy) in 1D array  ; uses also global variable iWidth */
unsigned int Give_i (unsigned int ix, unsigned int iy)
{
  return ix + iy * iWidth;
}


// =============================  tests ============================================


// Check Orientation of c-plane image : mark first quadrant of complex plane 
// it should be in the upper right position
// uses global var :  ...
int CheckCPlaneOrientation(unsigned char A[] )
{
 
	double Cx, Cy; //  C= Cx+Cy*i;
	unsigned i; /* index of 1D array */
	unsigned int ix, iy;		// pixel coordinate 
	
	fprintf(stderr, "compute image CheckOrientation\n");
 	// for all pixels of image 
	#pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic) private(ix,iy, i, Cx, Cy) shared(A, ixMax , iyMax) 
	for (iy = iyMin; iy <= iyMax; ++iy){
    		fprintf (stderr, " %d from %d \r", iy, iyMax);	//info 
    		for (ix = ixMin; ix <= ixMax; ++ix){
    			// from screen to world coordinate 
    			Cy = GiveCy(iy);
    			Cx = GiveCx(ix);
	  		i = Give_i(ix, iy); /* compute index of 1D array from indices of 2D array */
	  		if (Cx>0 && Cy>0) A[i]=255-A[i];   // check the orientation of Z-plane by marking first quadrant */
    		}
    	}
   
   
  	return 0;
}














 

// -------------------------- potential========


double ComputePotential(const complex double c){

	double potential = 0.0; // interior
	double s = 0.5;
	complex double z = 0.0;
	double r;
	int iter;
	
	for (iter = 0; iter < iterMax_pot; ++iter){
		
		z = z*z +c; // complex quadratic polynomial
		s *= 0.5;  // 
		r = cabs(z);
		if (r > ER_POT) {break;}
	}
	
	
	
	
	if ( iter == iterMax_pot)
		{ potential = -1.0; } // interior
		else { // exterior and boundary
			potential =  s*log2(r); // log(zn)* 2^(-n)
			potential = fabs(log(potential)); // gives level sets of potential, fabs because log(potential) is < 0
			}
	
	return potential;
	
}


unsigned char ComputePotentialColor(const double potential, const RepresentationFunctionType RepresentationFunction){

	if ( potential >25.0 ){ return 0 ;}// boundary and exterior near boundary = black
     	if ( potential >10.0 ) {return 255;} // 10<potential<25; exterior noisy part 
     	// potential < 10 ; exterior not noisy
     	
     	
     	double p = frac(potential) ; // step function
     	
     	switch(RepresentationFunction){
     	
     		case linear: {p = potential; break;}
     		
     		case step_linear: {p = frac(potential); break;}
     		
     		case step_sqrt: { p = frac(potential); p = sqrt(p); p = 1.0 - p; break;}
     		
     		default: {}
     	
     	}
     	
     	return 255*p; // linear scale  
     							
     							


}



 


 
 
// ****************************************************************************************************
// ****************************** dData **************************************************************
// ***************************************************************************************************


// compute and save  raster point (ix,iy) data
int ComputePoint_dData (double A[], int ix, int iy)
{
  int i;			/* index of 1D array */
  double potential;
  complex double c;


  i = Give_i (ix, iy);		/* compute index of 1D array from indices of 2D array */
  c = GiveC(ix,iy);
  potential = ComputePotential(c);
  
  A[i] = potential;		// 
  
  return 0;
}




// fill array 
// uses global var :  ...
// scanning complex plane 
int Fill_dDataArray (double A[])
{
  int ix, iy;		// pixel coordinate 

  	//printf("compute image \n");
 	// for all pixels of image 
	#pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic) private(ix,iy) shared(A, ixMax , iyMax)
  	for (iy = iyMin; iy <= iyMax; ++iy){ 
    		fprintf (stderr, " %d from %d \r", iy, iyMax);	//info 
    		for (ix = ixMin; ix <= ixMax; ++ix)
      			ComputePoint_dData(A, ix, iy);	//  
  }

  return 0;
}
 

/* 
 roughly speaking the code is

For each pixel:
   x = average change in iteration count of pixels to left and right.
   y = average change in iteration count above and below.
   colourIndex = atan2(x,y)
 
*/ 
unsigned char GiveAngleT( const int i, const double D[]){

	unsigned char t;
	int ix;
	int iy;
	double dx;
	double dy;
	double angle;
	// compute (ix and iy) from i
	// i = ix + iy * iWidth;
	iy = i / iWidth;
	if (iy>iHeight || iy<0) {fprintf(stderr, " bad iy = %d\n", iy);}
	ix = i - iy*iWidth;
	if (ix>iWidth || ix<0) {fprintf(stderr, " bad ix = %d\n", ix);}
	
	
	/*
	compute dx and dy 
	dx = (distance[0][1] - distance[2][1]);
	dy = (distance[1][0] - distance[1][2]);
	*/
	if ( ix-1> -1 && ix+1 < iWidth && iy-1> -1 && iy+1 < iHeight){
		dx = D[Give_i(ix-1, iy)] - D[Give_i(ix+1, iy)];
		dy = D[Give_i(ix, iy-1)] - D[Give_i(ix, iy+1)];
		}
	// compute angle from dx and dy
	//angle = atan2(dy, dx) + M_PI;
	angle = turn(dx, dy);
	angle *= 3.4;
	// scale 
	t = angle *255; 
	return t; 
	
}

double GiveAngleTest( const int i, const double D[]){

	unsigned char t;
	int ix;
	int iy;
	double dx = 0.0;
	double dy = 0.0;
	double angle;
	// compute (ix and iy) from i
	// i = ix + iy * iWidth;
	iy = i / iWidth;
	ix = i - iy*iWidth;
	printf(" i = %d ix = %d iy = %d Give_i(ix,iy) = %d\n", i , ix, iy, Give_i(ix,iy)  );
	
	
	
	/*
	compute dx and dy 
	dx = (distance[0][1] - distance[2][1]);
	dy = (distance[1][0] - distance[1][2]);
	*/
	if ( ix-1> -1 && ix+1 < iWidth && iy-1> -1 && iy+1 < iHeight){
		dx = D[Give_i(ix-1, iy)] - D[Give_i(ix+1, iy)];
		dy = D[Give_i(ix, iy-1)] - D[Give_i(ix, iy+1)];
		}
	/* 
	For clean colouring we need to take colour from nearby pixel at stationaty points.
	if(dx == 0 && dy == 0) {
		dx = (distance[0][0] - distance[2][0]);
		if(dx == 0) {
			dx = (distance[0][2] - distance[2][2]);
			if(dx == 0) {
				dy = (distance[0][0] - distance[0][2]);
				if(dy == 0) dy = (distance[2][0] - distance[2][2]);
			}
		}
	}	
	*/	
	
	
		
		
	// compute angle from dx and dy
	//angle = atan2(dy, dx) + M_PI;
	angle = turn(dx, dy);
	
	printf("angle = %f \n", angle);
	// scale 
	t = angle *255; 
	return t; 
	
}



/* 
 The dot product of two vectors a = [a1, a2, ..., an] and b = [b1, b2, ..., bn] is defined as:[1]
 d = a1b1 + a2b2
*/
double cdot(double complex a, double complex b) {
  return creal(a) * creal(b) + cimag(a) * cimag(b);
}

// 
// output 
// 
double GiveReflection(double complex C, int iMax, double ER) {
  int i = 0; // iteration 

  double complex Z = 0.0; // initial value for iteration Z0
  double complex dC = 0.0; // derivative with respect to c 
  double reflection = -1.0; // inside 

  double h2 = 1.5; // height factor of the incoming light
  double angle = 45.0 / 360.0; // incoming direction of light in turns 
  double complex v = cexp(2.0 * angle * M_PI * I); // = exp(1j*angle*2*pi/360)  // unit 2D vector in this direction
  // incoming light 3D vector = (v.re,v.im,h2)

  double complex u;

  for (i = 0; i < iMax; i++) {
    dC = 2.0 * dC * Z + 1.0;
    Z = Z * Z + C;

    if (cabs(Z) > ER) { // exterior of M set
      u = Z / dC;
      u = u / cabs(u);
      reflection = cdot(u, v) + h2;
      reflection = reflection / (1.0 + h2); // rescale so that t does not get bigger than 1
      if (reflection < 0.0) reflection = 0.0;
      break;

    }
  }

  return reflection;
}




// it do not use data from double array
unsigned char GiveNormalColor(const int i ) {

	double complex c;
	int ix;
	int iy;
	double reflection;
	unsigned char g;
	
	
	// compute (ix and iy) from i
	// i = ix + iy * iWidth;
	iy = i / iWidth;
	if (iy>iHeight || iy<0) {fprintf(stderr, " bad iy = %d\n", iy);}
	ix = i - iy*iWidth;
	if (ix>iWidth || ix<0) {fprintf(stderr, " bad ix = %d\n", ix);}
	// compute c from ix and iy
	c = GiveC(ix,iy);
	// compute color ( shade of gray) from c
	reflection = GiveReflection(c, iterMax_normal, ER_normal);
	g = 255*reflection; // change range
	return g; 
	
	
	


}






 




 
 
// compute color ( shade) of gradient 
unsigned char GiveNonBlendedColor( const int i, const double D[], const double potential, RepresentationFunctionType RepresentationFunction, GradientType Gradient){


	unsigned char g;
	 
	
	switch (RepresentationFunction){
	
		case Potential: { g = ComputePotentialColor(potential, Gradient); break;}
     			
     		case Angle: {g = GiveAngleT(i, D); break;}
     		
     		case Normal: {g = GiveNormalColor(i); break;}
     		
     		default: {}
     		}
     	return g;



}
 

unsigned char GiveBlendedColor( double c1, double c2, BlendType Blend){

	unsigned char t;
	
	switch (Blend){
	
		case average: {t = (c1+c2)/2.0; break;}
		
		
		default: {}
	
	}
	
	return  t;


}


 
unsigned char GiveExteriorColor(const int i, const double D[], const double potential, RepresentationFunctionType RepresentationFunction, GradientType Gradient, BlendType Blend){


	unsigned char t;
	double p;
	double n;
	
	
	if (!Blend )
		{t = GiveNonBlendedColor(i, D, potential,  RepresentationFunction, Gradient); }
		else {
			p = ComputePotentialColor(potential, Gradient); // 
			n = GiveNormalColor(i);
			
			t = GiveBlendedColor(p, n,  Blend);
		
		
		}
			
		
		
			
	return t;

	


} 
 

/*

input :
* int i
* array D of double numbers ( distance)

output : array of rgb colors 

*/
void ComputePointColorAndSave(const int i, const double D[], RepresentationFunctionType RepresentationFunction, GradientType Gradient, BlendType Blend, unsigned char  C[] ){


	
	int iC = i*iColorSize; // compute index of F array
	// color channels from 0 to 255  
	//unsigned char R;
	//unsigned char G;
	//unsigned char B;
	unsigned char t; 
	
	double potential = D[i]; // read 
	
	// compute color
	if (potential<0.0)
		{//t = 255;
		// save color to the rgb array 
		C[iC] 	= 0;
		C[iC+1] = 0;
		C[iC+2] = 127; // blue
		
		
		
		
		} // interior
		else { t = GiveExteriorColor(i, D, potential,RepresentationFunction, Gradient, Blend);
			// save color to the rgb array 
			C[iC] 	= t;
			C[iC+1] = t;
			C[iC+2] = t;
		
		
		
		
		} // exterior
			
		
	
	
	
	
	
	

}







// fill array f using data from d array
// uses global var :  ...
int Fill_rgbData_from_dData (double D[], RepresentationFunctionType  RepresentationFunction, GradientType Gradient, BlendType Blend, unsigned char C[])
{
  int i=0;		// array index 

  	fprintf(stderr, "\nFill_rgbData_from_dData\n");
  	//printf("compute image \n");
 	// for all pixels of image 
	#pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic) private(i) shared( D, C, iSize)
  	for (i = 0; i < iSize; ++i){
    		//fprintf (stderr, "rgb  %d from %d \r", i, iSize);	//info 
    		ComputePointColorAndSave(i, D, RepresentationFunction, Gradient, Blend, C);	//  
  }
  
  
	
  return 0;
}

 
 
// *******************************************************************************************
// ********************************** save A array to pgm file ****************************
// *********************************************************************************************



int Save_PPM( unsigned char A[], double k, char* sName, char* comment )
{
  
  	FILE * fp;
  
  	char name [100]; /* name of file */
  	snprintf(name, sizeof name, "%s", sName); /*  */
	char *filename =strcat(name,".ppm");
	
	char long_comment[200];
  	sprintf (long_comment, "fc(z)=z^2+ c %s", comment);
  
  
  
  	// save image to the pgm file 
  	fp= fopen(filename,"wb"); // create new file,give it a name and open it in binary mode 
  
  	if (!fp ) { fprintf( stderr, "ERROR saving ( cant open) file %s \n", filename); return 1; }
  	// else
  	fprintf(fp,"P6\n%d %d\n255\n",  iWidth, iHeight);  // write header to the file
  	size_t rSize = fwrite(A, sizeof(A[0]), iSize_rgb,  fp);  // write array with image data bytes to the file in one step 
  	fclose(fp); 
  
  	// info 
  	if ( rSize == iSize_rgb) 
  		{
  			printf ("File %s saved ", filename);
  			if (long_comment == NULL || strlen (long_comment) == 0)
   				{printf ("\n"); }
  				else { printf (". Comment = %s \n", long_comment); }
  		}
  		else {printf("wrote %zu elements out of %u requested\n", rSize,  iSize);}
  	
  	
  	// 
	NumberOfImages +=1; // count images using global variable	
    
	return 0;
}







void Test(){

	
	double dx =  PixelWidth/5.0;
	double p;
	complex double c = 0.25;
	int i;
	
	for (i = 0; i < 40; ++i)
		{
		
			p = ComputePotential( c);
			int n = isnormal(p);
			int f = isinf(p);
			printf(" x = %.16f\t p = %f \t isnormal = %d\t isinf = %d\n", creal(c), p,n, f);
			c += dx;
		
		
		}

	
	



}














int PrintInfoAboutProgam()
{
	printf("Number of pgm images = %d \n", NumberOfImages);	
  
  	// display info messages
  	printf ("Numerical approximation of M set for fc(z)= z^2 + c \n");
  	//printf ("iPeriodParent = %d \n", iPeriodParent);
  	//printf ("iPeriodOfChild  = %d \n", iPeriodChild);
  
  	printf ("Image Width = %f in world coordinate\n", CxMax - CxMin);
  	printf ("PixelWidth = %f \n", PixelWidth);
	  
  	printf("for DEM\n");
  	if ( distanceMax<0.0 || distanceMax > ER ) printf("bad distanceMax\n");
	printf("Max distance from exterior to the boundary =  distanceMax = %.16f = %f pixels\n",  distanceMax, BoundaryWidth); 
  	printf("\n");
  
  
  // image corners in world coordinate
  // center and radius
  // center and zoom
  // GradientRepetition
  printf ("Maximal number of iterations = iterMax = %ld \n", iterMax);
  
  
  
  
  printf ("ratio of image  = %f ; it should be 1.000 ...\n", ratio);
  //
  printf("gcc version: %d.%d.%d\n",__GNUC__,__GNUC_MINOR__,__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__); // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20389193/how-do-i-check-my-gcc-c-compiler-version-for-my-eclipse
  // OpenMP version is displayed in the console 
  
  
  
  return 0;
}






// *****************************************************************************
//;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;  setup ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
// **************************************************************************************

int setup ()
{

  fprintf (stderr, "setup start\n");
  
  
  
  
  
	
  /* 2D array ranges */
  
  iWidth = iHeight* DisplayAspectRatio;
  iSize = iWidth * iHeight;	// size = number of points in array 
  iSize_rgb = iSize* iColorSize;
  
  
  // iy
  iyMax = iHeight - 1;		// Indexes of array starts from 0 not 1 so the highest elements of an array is = array_name[size-1].
  //ix

  ixMax = iWidth - 1;

  /* 1D array ranges */
  // i1Dsize = i2Dsize; // 1D array with the same size as 2D array
  iMax = iSize - 1;		// Indexes of array starts from 0 not 1 so the highest elements of an array is = array_name[size-1].
  
  
  SetCPlane( center, radius,  DisplayAspectRatio );	

  /* Pixel sizes */
  PixelWidth = (CxMax - CxMin) / ixMax;	//  ixMax = (iWidth-1)  step between pixels in world coordinate 
  PixelHeight = (CyMax - CyMin) / iyMax;
  ratio = ((CxMax - CxMin) / (CyMax - CyMin)) / ((double) iWidth / (double) iHeight);	// it should be 1.000 ...
	
  
  //ER2 = ER * ER; // for numerical optimisation in iteration
  
  
  
   	
  /* create dynamic 1D arrays for colors ( shades of gray ) */
  dData = malloc (iSize * sizeof (double));
  rgbData =  malloc (iSize_rgb * sizeof (unsigned char));
  
  	
  if (dData == NULL || rgbData == NULL ){
    fprintf (stderr, " Could not allocate memory");
    return 1;
  }

  
 	
  
  BoundaryWidth = 6.0*iWidth/2000.0  ; //  measured in pixels ( when iWidth = 2000) 
  distanceMax = BoundaryWidth*PixelWidth;
  
  
  
  fprintf (stderr," end of setup \n");
	
  return 0;

} // ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; end of the setup ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;




int end(){


  fprintf (stderr," allways free memory (deallocate )  to avoid memory leaks \n"); // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_dynamic_memory_allocation
  free(dData);
  free(rgbData);
 
  PrintInfoAboutProgam();
  return 0;

}

// ********************************************************************************************************************
/* -----------------------------------------  main   -------------------------------------------------------------*/
// ********************************************************************************************************************

int main () {
  
  
  
  	setup ();
  
  	  
	Fill_dDataArray(dData);
	//
	Fill_rgbData_from_dData (dData, Potential, step_sqrt, no, rgbData);
	Save_PPM(rgbData, step_linear, "step_sqrt", "potential");
	
	Fill_rgbData_from_dData (dData, Angle, linear, no, rgbData);
	Save_PPM(rgbData, Angle, "angle_linear", "potential angle");
	
  	Fill_rgbData_from_dData (dData, Normal, linear, no, rgbData);
	Save_PPM(rgbData, Angle, "normal", "Normal mapping or slope");
	
	Fill_rgbData_from_dData (dData, Normal, step_sqrt, average, rgbData);
	Save_PPM(rgbData, Angle, "average_sqrt", "average blend = (Potenital_step_sqrt + Normal) / 2 ");
  	
  	
  	end();
  
 	//Test(); 
  	

  	return 0;
}

sh fils

#!/bin/bash 
 
# script file for BASH 
# which bash
# save this file as g.sh
# chmod +x g.sh
# ./g.sh
# checked in https://www.shellcheck.net/


export  OMP_DISPLAY_ENV="TRUE"	

# for all ppm files in this directory
for file in *.ppm ; do
  # b is name of file without extension
  b=$(basename "$file" .ppm)
  # convert  using ImageMagic
  convert "${b}".ppm -resize 2000x2000 "${b}".png
  echo "$file"
done

 
echo OK
# end


Makefile

all: 
	printf "make ppm files"
	gcc d.c -lm -Wall -march=native -fopenmp
	time ./a.out > a.txt
	printf "convert all ppm files to png using Image Magic convert"
	chmod +x g.sh
	./g.sh
	printf "delete all ppm and txt files"
	rm *.ppm

Licensing

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
w:en:Creative Commons
attribution share alike
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
You are free:
  • to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
  • to remix – to adapt the work
Under the following conditions:
  • attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.

references

  1. github : Mandelbrot-set-with-blended-gradients
  2. wikibooks : KFMovieMaker

Captions

Mandelbrot set with blended gradients: potential ( sqrt step) and slope

Items portrayed in this file

depicts

10 January 2021

image/png

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current02:27, 26 July 2023Thumbnail for version as of 02:27, 26 July 20232,000 × 2,000 (679 KB)Obscure2020Optimized with OxiPNG and ZopfliPNG.
21:08, 10 January 2021Thumbnail for version as of 21:08, 10 January 20212,000 × 2,000 (927 KB)Soul windsurferbigger
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