Practical Electronics/Inductors
Intro edit
An inductor is a device made from a wire conductor with several turns. This device generates a magnetic field as current passes through it similar to the magnetic field of a magnet. An inductor stores electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field.
Inductance is defined as the capability to store electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field for a given current which is directly proportional to permeability, length of inductor, and number of turns and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area.
The symbol for inductance is L and is measured in Henry which has the symbol H.
Characteristics edit
Magnetic Field edit
When a voltage is applied across the inductor, current generates Electric Field . Change of Electric Field in the turns generates Magnetic Field perpendicular to Electric Field
Inductance edit
Inductance is the ability to generartes Magnetic Field B for a given Current
Voltage edit
Current edit
Reactance edit
Reactance is defined as the ratio of Voltage over current
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- /_90
Impedance edit
Impedance is defined as the sum of Reactance and Resistance of Inductor . Since all conductor has Resistance
- /_Tan-1
Frequency Respond edit
Inductor is a device depends on frequency
- , Inductor Closed circuit, I ≠ 0
- , Capacitor Opened circuit, I = 0
- ,
- ,
With the value of I at three frequency points ω = 0, 00 , 1 / CRC I - f curve can be drawn to give a picture of current in the inductor over time
Phase Angle edit
When a Voltage is applied across inductor, current generates magnetic field. Change in current generate change in magnetic field which generate voltage across inductor. Therefore, current will lead voltage
For ideal losses inductor which has no internal resistance, Current will lead Voltage an angle 90 . For Non - Ideal inductor which has an internal resistance, Current will lead Voltage an angle θ
Phase angle relates to time frequency or time and the value of R and L . When there is a change in phase angle Time and frequency also change
If choosing L = 1 and R = 10n then the formulas above become
Induced Voltage edit
Induced Voltage is defined as the voltage of the turns which oppose the current flow
Types of Inductors edit
Coil edit
For a straight wire with the following dimensions Length l, Area A, and Permitivity u and number of Turns N
Network edit
Inductors can be connected in series to increase inductance or in parallel to decrease inductance
Parallel Connection edit