Orthopaedic Surgery/Basic Sciences

	Basic Sciences
<<Note To Authors		Bone>>

CHAPTER 1: Basic Sciences

Bone

• Histology of Bone
• Blood Supply of Long Bones
• Bone Injury and Repair
• Bone Mineralisation
• Bone Viability

Joints

Articular Tissues

1. Cartilage
2. Synovium
3. Meniscus

Extra-articular Tissues

1. Capsule
2. Ligaments

Arthroses

Non-Inflammatory

• Osteoarthritis
• Neuropathic Arthropathy
• Acute Rheumatic Fever
• Ochronosis
• Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy
• Osteonecrosis
• Osteochondritis Dissecans
• Osteochondromatosis

Inflammatory

• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Polymyalgia Rheumatica
• Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Relapsing Polychondritis
• Spondyloarthropathies
  1. Ankylosing Spondylitis
  2. Reiter's Syndrome
  3. Psoriatic Arthropathy
  4. Enteropathic Arthropathy
• Crystalline Arthropathies
  1. Gout
  2. Chondrocalcinosis
  3. Calcium Hydroxyapatite Deposition

Infections

• Pyogenic Arthritis
• Tuberculous Arthritis
• Fungal Arthritis
• Lyme Arthritis

Haemorrhagic

• Haemophilic Arthropathy
• Sickle Cell Disease
• Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis

Neuromuscular Tissue

• Skeletal Muscle
• Nervous System

Connective Tissues

• Tendons
• Ligaments
• Orthopaedic Surgery/Intervertebral Discs
• Soft Tissue Healing
• Soft Tissue Implants

Molecular Biology

• Cellular Biology
• Immunology
• Genetics

Orthopaedic Infections

• Soft Tissue Infections
  1. Cellulitis
  2. Erysipelas
  3. Necrotising Fascitis
  4. Gas Gangrene
  5. Toxic Shock Syndrome
  6. Surgical Wound Infection
  7. Bite Injuries
  8. Marine Injuries
• Bone Infections
  1. Acute Haematogenous Osteomyelitis
  2. Acute Osteomyelitis
  3. Subacute Osteomyelitis
  4. Chronic Osteomyelitis
  5. Chronic Sclerosing Osteomyelitis
  6. Chronic Multifocal osteomyelitis
  7. Osteomyelitis with Unusual Organisms
• Joint Infections
  1. Septic Arthritis
  2. Septic Bursitis
  3. Infected Total Joint Arthroplasty
• Other Infections
  1. Tetanus
  2. Rabies
  3. Puncture Wounds of Foot
  4. Diabetic Foot
  5. Paronychia
  6. Fungal Infestations
  7. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
  8. Hepatitis
  9. Allograft Infections
• Antibiotics

Perioperative Considerations

• Preoperative Evaluation
• Intraoperative Considerations
  1. Anaesthesia
  2. Spinal Cord Monitoring
  3. Tourniquet
• Postoperative Problems
  1. Pulmonary Problems
     • Deep Vein Thrombosis
     • Pulmonary Embolism
     • Adult Respiratory Syndrome
     • Fat Embolism
     • Pneumonia
  2. Nutrition
  3. Myocardial Infarction
  4. Gastrointestinal Complications
  5. Decubitus Ulcers
  6. Renal Problems
     • Urinary Tract Infections
     • Prostatic Hypertrophy
     • Acute Tubular Necrosis
     • Genitourinary Injury
  7. Shock
     • Hypovolemic Shock
     • Cardiogenic Shock
     • Vasogenic Shock
     • Neurogenic Shock
     • Septic Shock
  8. Compartment Syndrome
  9. Wound Healing
  10. Pain Control
  11. Transfusions

Imaging and Special Studies

• Decision Making
• Radiography
• Computed Tomography
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Arthrography
• Nuclear Medicine
  1. Bone Scan
  2. Gallium Scan
  3. WBC Scan
  4. Other Scans
• Electrodiagnostic Studies
• Ultrasonography
• Bone Density Measurement

Biophysics

• Basic Concepts
• Biomaterials
  1. Metals
     • Screws
     • Plates
     • Intramedullary Nails
     • Dynamic Compression Screw
     • External Fixator
     • Total Hip Arthroplasty
     • Total Knee Arthroplasty
  2. Polyethylene
  3. Polymethlymethacrylate
  4. Silicones
  5. Ceramics
  6. Bone
  7. Ligaments and Tendons
  8. Articular Cartilage
• Biomechanics
  1. General Concepts
  2. Hip
  3. Knee
  4. Ankle and Foot
  5. Spine
  6. Shoulder
  7. Elbow
  8. Wrist and Hand

Clinical Anatomy

• Shoulder
• Arm
• Forearm
• Wrist and Hand
• Spine
• Hip
• Thigh
• Knee
• Ankle
• Foot
• Surgical Approaches