Latin/Lesson 1-Revision
Notice that almost all 1st declension nouns are feminine. A mnemonic device for the common masculine ones is PAIN -- poeta (poet), agricola (farmer), incola (inhabitant), and nauta (sailor). Almost all 2nd declension nouns are either masculine or neuter.
| Latin | |
| Intro: | 1 • 2 |
| Chapter 1 | 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 |
| Chapter 2 | 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 |
| Chapter 3 | 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 |
| Chapter 4 | 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 |
| Chapter 5 | 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 |
- 1st declension: genitive ends in -ae, nominative usually ends in -a
- 2nd declension: genitive ends in -i, nominative usually ends in -us for masculine and -um for neut.
- 3rd declension: genitive ends in -is, nominative varies
- 4th declension: genitive ends in -us, nominative usually ends in -us for m/f and -u for neut.
- 5th declension: genitive ends in -ei, nominative usually ends in -es
Notice that in all cases, the accusative of neuter nouns is the same as the nominative.
1st Declension
| sing | pl | |
|---|---|---|
| Nom | -a | -ae |
| Gen | -ae | -arum |
| Dat | -ae | -is |
| Acc | -am | -as |
| Abl | -a | -is |
2nd
masculine
-us -i -i -orum -o -is -um -os -o -is
neuter
-um -a -i -orum -o -is -um -a -o -is
3rd
m/f
-? -es -is -um -i -ibus -em -es -e -ibus
neut.
-? -a -is -um -i -ibus -? -a -e -ibus
4th
m/f
-us -us -us -uum -ui -ibus -um -us -u -ibus
neut. -u -ua -us -uum -u -ibus -u -ua -u -ibus
5th -es -es -ei -erum -ei -ebus -em -es -e -ebus
A mnemonic device for the common irregular imperatives is the rhyme: dic, duc, fac, fer: there ought to be an "e", but it isn't there. dicite, ducite, facite, ferte.
1st conjugation: amo, amare, amavi, amatus
2nd conjugation: moneo, monere, monui, monitus
3rd conjugation: ago, agere, egi, actus
3rd -io : capio, capere, cepi, captus
4th conjugation: sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus
Indicative
Active
Present