| The Free High School Science Texts: A Textbook for High School Students Studying Physics |
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| The Atom |
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| Models - Structure - Isotopes - Energy Quantization - Periodicity of Ionization Energy - Successive Ionization Energies - Bohr Orbits - Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle - Pauli Exclusion Principle - Ionization Energy - Electron Configuration - Valency |
i.e. filling the orbitals starting from 1s..... Aufbau principle unpaired and paired electrons Hund's rule: 1 e- in each orbital before pairing in p orbitals shorthand: 